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Column Tray Design

This document discusses the design of distillation and absorption column trays and packings. It covers tray types including sieve, valve, and bubble cap trays. It also discusses operational limits for trays. Design parameters covered include column diameter, tray spacing, downcomer area and velocity, hole diameter, pressure drop, and efficiency. For packed columns, it discusses random and structured packings and notes that packing height is based on number of stages and HETP, while diameter depends on gas rate and a graph similar to Fair's graph.

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Omar Ezzat
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56 views

Column Tray Design

This document discusses the design of distillation and absorption column trays and packings. It covers tray types including sieve, valve, and bubble cap trays. It also discusses operational limits for trays. Design parameters covered include column diameter, tray spacing, downcomer area and velocity, hole diameter, pressure drop, and efficiency. For packed columns, it discusses random and structured packings and notes that packing height is based on number of stages and HETP, while diameter depends on gas rate and a graph similar to Fair's graph.

Uploaded by

Omar Ezzat
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DISTILLATION/ABSORPTION COLUMN TRAY DESIGN

Trays types Sieve Valve Bubble cap

Enhance Deck (Sulzer)

ChE 4253 - Design I

DISTILLATION/ABSORPTION COLUMN TRAY DESIGN


Operational limits for trays.

ChE 4253 - Design I

DISTILLATION/ABSORPTION COLUMN TRAY DESIGN


Design Point

ChE 4253 - Design I

DISTILLATION/ABSORPTION COLUMN TRAY DESIGN


Diameter first. Design for velocity. Flooding velocity given by (are you surprised?)

Faircorrelation

AN

Use ~80% of flooding velocity. Diameter is a function of the NET area AN

ChE 4253 - Design I

DISTILLATION/ABSORPTION COLUMN TRAY DESIGN


Tray Spacing: Large if froth is expected, also allow space for crawling (12 to 24). Downcomer area: Fluid velocity larger than ascending bubbles (minimum width: 5) Range of velocities= 0.1-0.7 ft/sec. Residence time criteria (3-5 sec) . Downcomer flooding should be avoided. Hole diameter: 3/16 to in. Total Hole Area: Such that the velocity through the holes does not form jets) 2 Number of Holes: Hole area/Total hole area Height of weir: Francis formula Pressure drop: to be watched. Do not want it to be too large (5-10). Typical value ~0.1 psi Efficiency: Murphy & Point Efficiency. There are correlations. In the absence of data look for similar mixtures.
hole diameter AAll holes =K Aholes hole pitch K = 0.905(equilateral triangular pitch) K = 0.785(rectangular pitch)

ChE 4253 - Design I

DISTILLATION/ABSORPTION PACKED COLUMN DESIGN


Packed Towers

ChE 4253 - Design I

DISTILLATION/ABSORPTION COLUMN TRAY DESIGN


Random Packing

ChE 4253 - Design I

DISTILLATION/ABSORPTION COLUMN TRAY DESIGN


Structured Packing Flexipack (Koch)

Sulzer

Ceramic

ChE 4253 - Design I

DISTILLATION/ABSORPTION COLUMN TRAY DESIGN

Packing Height: Number of equilibrium stages x HETP (Height Equivalent to a Theoretical Plate) HETP: Typically a function of gas rate (ft/sec) and the packing, as well as the mixture. Packing Diameter: Similar graph to Fairs graph

ChE 4253 - Design I

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