ALTERNATIVE THERAPIES IN NURSING

Jacqui Sousa Camille Mason

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lrFynqUCQ8E

BACKGROUND
The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) defines complementary and alternative medicine as, a group of diverse medical and health care systems, practices, and products that are not presently considered to be part of conventional medicine According to the 2002 National Health Interview Survey conducted by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), 62% of American adults use some form of complementary or alternative therapies. There are 5 subsets of CAT therapies
Alternative medical systems, mind-body interventions, biologically based therapies, manipulative and body -based methods, energy therapies

Complete medical systems of theory and practice

- Homeopathy - Osteopathy - Traditional Chinese medicine - Naturopathy - Ayurveda - Indigenous healing practices

AYURVEDA
Ayurveda emphasizes re -establishing balance in the body through diet, lifestyle, exercise, and body cleansing, and on the health of the mind, body, and spirit . Diet: Foods can either balance or cause imbalance to each dosha. See a Cleansing and detoxification: This may be done through fasting, enemas, diets, and body treatments. Herbal medicine: Examples of Ayurvedic herbs are triphala, ashwaghanda, gotu kola, guggul, and boswellia. Yoga Meditation Exercise: Individualized to a person's constitution Massage: Medicated herbal oils are

NATUROPATHY
Naturopathy is a system of medicine based on the healing power of nature. Nutritional counseling Herbal medicine Homeopathic medicine Acupuncture Hydrotherapy (water therapy) -- These therapies include drinking natural spring water, taking baths, alternating hot and cold applications, and water exercise, all of which are thought to stimulate healing and strengthen the immune system. Physical medicine -- This natural approach to healing involves using touch, hot and cold compresses, electric currents, and sound waves to manipulate the muscles, bones, and spine. Detoxification -- This therapy removes toxins from the body by fasting, using enemas, and drinking lots of water. Spirituality -- Personal spiritual development is encouraged as part of an overall health program. Lifestyle and psychological counseling -- An N.D. may use hypnosis, guided imagery, or other counseling methods as part of a treatment plan .

MIND-BODY INTERVENTIONS
Enhance the minds capacity to affect bodily functions
- Imagery - Music intervention - Humor - Yoga - Hypnotherapy - Behavioral medicine - Art therapy - Biofeedback - Dance - Prayer

HYPNOTHERAPY
H y p no s is u s e s g u i de d r e l a x a t i o n, i n t e n s e c o n c e nt r a t i o n, a n d f o c u s ed a t t e n t i o n t o a c h i e v e a h e i g h t e ne d s t a t e o f a w a r e ne ss that is sometimes called a trance. The p e r s o n's a t t e n t i o n i s s o f o c us e d w h i l e i n t h i s s t a t e t h a t a n y t h i ng g o i n g o n a r o u nd t h e p e r s o n i s t e m p o r a r i ly b l o c k e d o u t o r i g n o r e d. I n t h i s n a t u r a l ly o c c u r r i ng s t a t e , a p e r s o n m a y f o c us h i s o r h e r a t t e n t i o n o n s p e c i f i c t h o u g h ts o r t a s k s . T h e h y p not i c s t a t e a l l o w s a p e r s o n t o b e m o r e o p e n t o d i s c us si o n a n d s u g g e s t i o n. I t can improve the success of other t r e a t m e nts f o r m a n y c o n d i t i o ns , i n c l u d i ng : Sleep disorders Phobias Depression Stress Post-trauma anxiety Grief and loss

BIOFEEDBACK
Biofeedback is a technique you can use to learn to control your body's functions, such as your heart rate. With biofeedback, you're connected to electrical sensors that help you receive information (feedback) about your body (bio). This feedback helps you focus on making subtle changes in your body, such as relaxing certain muscles, to achieve the results you want, such as reducing pain

AROMATHERAPY
Aromatherapy is the practice of using the natural oils extracted from flowers, bark, stems, leaves, roots or other parts of a plant to enhance psychological and physical well-being.
It is used for a variety of applications including pain relief, mood enhancement and increased cognitive function.

The inhaled aroma from these oils is believed to stimulate brain function. Essential oils can also be absorbed through the skin, where they travel through the bloodstream and can promote whole-body healing

 Oldest form of medicine Used by 20% of US population Not approved for use as drugs and not regulated by FDA Limitations
Regulation Contamination Chemicals & Cancer

Manipulations and/or movement of one or more parts of the body

- Massage - Tai chi - Acupuncture - Reflexology

ACUPUNCTURE
Regulates/Realigns the vital energy known as qi , which flows like a river through the body in channels that form a system of pathways called meridians Proven to modify the central neural pathways response to pain Limitations
Safety Patient Risk

 A moving mediation in which patients move their bodies slowly, gently, and with awareness while deep breathing Differences from conventional exercise Limitations
Study Conducted

 Affects the energy fields that surround and penetrate the body with conscious intent to heal
Five Phases

Application in Older Adults Limitations

Patient Population

LIGHT THERAPY
Exposure to intense levels of fluorescent light through a diffusing screen under controlled conditions SAD Patients Minimal Risk Side Effects Eye strain, nausea,

 Why did you decide to specialize your research in alternative therapy?

Whats your favorite form of complementary medicine? It depends on the I became interested, because in some cases condition. If you traditional medicine have appendicitis, it didnt work, For doesnt matter if I example, taking pain medication for a prefer acupuncture, sprained ankle. youre going to have Acupuncture and heat Memorable Patient Story therapy are more to have surgery. But We were doing a research on cancer helpful, either as a I do enjoy patients with chexia, and I was the single agent or in acupuncture. combination. It allows principal investigator. We wanted to
the patient to avoid see if acupuncture increased the taking unnecessary medicine, has less side patients appetite. One patient went effects, and saves the from a few bites at each meal to patient money.

three full meals a day by the end of the study. Great results.

ETHICAL ISSUES
There is a large increase in the use of alternative therapies has occurred over the past decade. This situation has precipitated many ethical issues including those related to safety, scope of practice, and cultural diversity.
Nurses have to be educated about the pro and cons of alternative therapies and also be prepared to discuss and help resolve ethical issues surrounding them.

 B i o f e e d b ac k : U s i n g y o u r m i n d t o i m p ro v e y o u r h e a l th . ( 2 0 1 3 , J a n u a r y 2 6 ) . R e t r i e v e d f r o m h t t p : / /w w w. ma yo c l i ni c .c o m/ h e a l th / b i of e e d ba c k / M Y 0 10 7 2 ( 2 0 0 1) . E t h i c s : E t h i c a l i s s u e s i n c o mp l e me n t a r y/ a l t e r na t i ve t h e r a p i e s . O n l i n e J o u r n a l o f Issues in Nursing, 7(1), Retrieved from

h t t p : / / ww w. n u r s i n g w o r ld . o rg/ M a i n M e n u C a t e g o r i e s / A N AM a r k e t p l a c e / A N A Pe r i o d i c a l s / O
J I N / C o l u mn s / Et h i c s / Et h ic a l I s s u e s .h t ml C i c u t ti n i F, D a y L , , F l i c k e r L , H i l l K D , J o l l e y D , S e g a l L . ( 2 0 1 2 ) . I mp a c t o f t a i c h i o n i mp a i r me n t , f u n c t i o na l l i mi t a t i o n , a n d d i s a b i l i ty a mo n g p r e c l in i c a l l y d i s a b le d o l d e r p e o p l e : a r a n d o mi z e d c o n t r o l le d t r i a l . U S N a t i o n a l L i b r a r y o f M e d i c i n e N a t i o n a l I n s t i t ut e s o f H e a l t h , 9 3 ( 8 ) . d o i : 1 0 . 1 0 1 6 . R e t r i e v e d f r o m h t t p : / / ww w. n c b i. n l m. n i h .g o v / p u bme d / 2 24 6 5 4 0 4

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