ChapLer 3 Summary

8y Aldan nlles
Niles, Aidan Friday, November 15, 2013 1:20:46 PM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:8d:61
1.) roperues
ConcepLs Covered
Slldes 2-7
Assoclauve roperLy of Addluon/
Mulupllcauon
ulsLrlbuuve roperLy
CommuLauve roperLy of Mulupllcauon/
Addluon
Niles, Aidan Friday, November 15, 2013 1:20:46 PM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:8d:61
1.) roperues
ulsLrlbuuve roperLy
1he dlsLrlbuuve properLy allows you Lo
muluply numbers easler. 1he example below
wlll spllL Lhe mulupllcauon up, maklng lL easler
Lo solve. Lxample: 7(80+2)
Niles, Aidan Friday, November 15, 2013 1:20:46 PM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:8d:61
1.) roperues
Assoclauve roperLy of Addluon
1he Assoclauve roperLy of Addluon allows
you Lo plck whlch numbers you place ln Lhe
parenLhesls ( ). ln Lhe problem below, we see
7+(8+9). We can see LhaL l replaced Lhe seven
for Lhe elghL ln Lhe parenLhesls. 1he problem
ls sull Lhe same, lL's [usL ordered dlerenLly.
Lxample: 7+(8+9)= 8+(9+7)
Niles, Aidan Friday, November 15, 2013 1:20:46 PM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:8d:61
1.) roperues
Assoclauve roperLy of Mulupllcauon
1he Assoclauve roperLy of Mulupllcauon
allows for you Lo plck whlch Lwo numbers you
wanL Lo muluply rsL. 1he problem ls sull Lhe
same, l [usL arranged lL dlerenLly.
Lxample: 9-(3-4)=3-(9-4)
Niles, Aidan Friday, November 15, 2013 1:20:46 PM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:8d:61
CommuLauve roperLy of Addluon
1he CommuLauve roperLy of Addluon allows
for you Lo swlLch Lwo numbers places. ln Lhe
example below, Lhe equauon 3+4=4+3 ls sull
Lhe same, l [usL swlLched where Lhe numbers
were.
Lxample: 3+4=4+3
Niles, Aidan Friday, November 15, 2013 1:20:46 PM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:8d:61
CommuLauve roperLy of
Mulupllcauon
1he CommuLauve roperLy of Mulupllcauon
allows for you Lo swlLch Lwo numbers places.
ln Lhe example below, Lhe equauon 3-4=4-3
ls sull Lhe same, l [usL swlLched where Lhe
numbers were.
Lxample: 3-4=4-3
Niles, Aidan Friday, November 15, 2013 1:20:46 PM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:8d:61
2.)
Lxplaln how Lo slmpllfy Lhe expresslon
4(7x-3)+2x
Niles, Aidan Friday, November 15, 2013 1:20:46 PM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:8d:61
2.) Answer
1he way you slmpllfy Lhe expresslon ls by rsL
uslng Lhe dlsLrlbuuve properLy. 1hls wlll make
Lhe equauon 28x-12+2x. 1hen you musL
comblne Lhe 28x and Lhe 2x because Lhey are
llke Lerms. lL slmplles down Lo 30x-12.
Answer: 30x-12
Niles, Aidan Friday, November 15, 2013 1:20:46 PM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:8d:61
3.)
Lxplaln Lhe sLeps necessary Lo solve Lhe
equauon 7x-10-x= (-13)
Niles, Aidan Friday, November 15, 2013 1:20:46 PM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:8d:61
3.) Answer
1he way you solve Lhe problem ls by rsL
comblnlng llke Lerms on Lhe oLher slde. 1he
equauon Lhen looks llke -3x-10=(-13). nexL
you add 10 Lo Lhe oLher slde Lo leave Lhe
varlable by lLself. 1hen you dlvlde by Lhree,
glvlng you an answer of x=1
Niles, Aidan Friday, November 15, 2013 1:20:46 PM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:8d:61
4.)
Lxplaln Lhe sLeps necessary Lo solve Lhe
equauon 3x/6 + x/3 -1/2 = 11/6. ?
Niles, Aidan Friday, November 15, 2013 1:20:46 PM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:8d:61
4.) Answer
1he answer ls found by rsL ndlng Lhe
common denomlnaLor for all of Lhe fracuons.
1hen use Lhe ulsLrlbuuve roperLy Lo make lL
look llke Lhls. 6-(3x/6 + x/3 - x)= 6(11/6). 1he
equauon should look llke Lhls once you are
nlshed wlLh Lhe ulsLrlbuuve properLy.
3x+2x-3=11. 1hen comblne llke Lerms and you
should geL 7x-3=11. 1hen add Lhe Lhree Lo Lhe
oLher slde Lo cancel lL ouL. 1hen dlvlde by
seven. 1he answer ls x=2
Niles, Aidan Friday, November 15, 2013 1:20:46 PM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:8d:61
3.)
Solve Lhe followlng lnequallLy, Lhen graph Lhe
soluuon. 2< x/-3?
Niles, Aidan Friday, November 15, 2013 1:20:46 PM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:8d:61
3.) Answer
1he rsL sLep for solvlng Lhls equauon ls Lo geL
Lhe varlable by lLself. 1haL means you need Lo
muluply boLh sldes by -3. 1hen, you musL
reverse Lhe slgn. 1he equauon should look llke
-10>x. 1o graph Lhls equauon, Lhe number
llne should read -10 wlLh a closed clrcle LhaL wlll
be auached Lo an arrow LhaL wlll be movlng Lo
Lhe le.

-11 -10
Niles, Aidan Friday, November 15, 2013 1:20:46 PM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:8d:61
6.)
Solve Lhe followlng lnequallLy, Lhen graph Lhe
soluuon. -4x+4>(-8)?
Niles, Aidan Friday, November 15, 2013 1:20:46 PM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:8d:61
6.) Answer
1he rsL sLep ls Lo remove Lhe 4 from Lhe rsL slde on Lhe lnequallLy by
subLracung 4 from boLh sldes. 1he equauon should look llke -4x>(-8).
1hen you dlvlde boLh sldes by -4. 8everse Lhe lnequallLy slgn. 1he answer
ls
x<2. 1he graph should look llke








1 2



Niles, Aidan Friday, November 15, 2013 1:20:46 PM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:8d:61
7.)
Pere ls Lhe dlerence beLween a closed clrcle
and an open clrcle when graphlng ln
equallues.
An open clrcle means LhaL Lhe number wlLh
Lhe open clrcle above lL ls noL ln Lhe soluuon
seL.
A closed clrcle means LhaL Lhe number wlLh
Lhe closed clrcle above lL ls lncluded ln Lhe
soluuon seL.
Niles, Aidan Friday, November 15, 2013 1:20:46 PM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:8d:61
8.) arL 1
Chrls wanLs Lo buy a blcycle LhaL cosLs 160. lf
she saves $12 each week, whaL ls Lhe fewesL
amounL of weeks she wlll have Lo save.
Niles, Aidan Friday, November 15, 2013 1:20:46 PM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:8d:61
8.) arL 1 Answer
1he way l gured ouL Lhe answer was rsL
dlvlde 160/12. 1he answer ls 13.33. Slnce you
can'L have .33 of a week, lL has Lo be rounded
Lo Lhe number 14. 1herefor, she musL save 14
weeks Lo geL her new blcycle.
Niles, Aidan Friday, November 15, 2013 1:20:46 PM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:8d:61
8.) arL 2
Mark worked on maLh homework less Lhan
1/3 Lhe amounL of ume LhaL hls broLher dld. lf
Mark spenL 23 mlnuLes on hls maLh
homework, how much ume dld hls broLher
spend on hls maLh homework?
Niles, Aidan Friday, November 15, 2013 1:20:46 PM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:8d:61
8.) arL 2 Answer
1hls quesuon can be solved by uslng slmple
loglc. 1hls problem requlres lnverse operauon.
Pere ls an equauon LhaL works. x/3=23. 1o
solve we musL muluply x-3. 1hls glves us 73.
We now know LhaL Mark's broLher spenL 73
mlnuLes on homework.
Niles, Aidan Friday, November 15, 2013 1:20:46 PM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:8d:61
8.) arL 3
Cne Lhlrd of a number decreased by LhlrLy-slx,
ls aL mosL LwenLy-Lwo. llnd Lhe number.
Niles, Aidan Friday, November 15, 2013 1:20:46 PM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:8d:61
8.) arL 3 Answer
1he answer ls LhaL Lhere are an lnnlLe
number of soluuons Lo Lhls. A number mlnus
LhlrLy-slx equals LwenLy-Lwo would be Lhe
besL a equauon Lo solve Lhls problem. 1he
equauon x-36=22 can be solved by addlng 36
Lo Lhe oLher slde. 1hls glves us an answer of
38.
Niles, Aidan Friday, November 15, 2013 1:20:46 PM Pacic Standard Time 70:56:81:af:8d:61