Grab the note packet as you enter and a book (by pencil sharpener) Rabbit-Rabbit Map Quiz Tuesday

y Agenda for today

Syllabus Due MONDAY! NOTES - Chapter 6 Section 1 Complete flow chart worksheet Work on MAPS!! Have a great weekend

Introduction to Leadership examines the characteristics and principles of various leadership philosophies. Students will study the ideology behind different leadership styles, and then examine the effectiveness of those approaches as they apply to various people and aspects of society such as the government, the military, nonprofit organizations, and the corporate world. In addition, students will evaluate their own leadership style, their personal strengths and weaknesses, and determine what approach to leadership they believe is most effective in the world today.

The Roman Republic

Main Idea:
The early Romans establish a republic, which grows powerful and spreads its influence.

Why it Matters:
Some of the most fundamental values and institutions of Western civilization began in the Roman Republic.

Essential Questions
How did geography influence Romes Development? How did the Punic Wars help increase Roman Power?

What were the advantages of Romes location?

Romes Geography

The First Romans

Site of Rome chosen for its fertile soil and strategic location Located on Italian peninsula in center of Mediterranean Sea Built on seven hills on Tiber River Latins, Greeks, and Etruscans compete for control of region Latins found original settlement of Rome between 1000 and 500 B.C. Etruscans native to northern Italy; influence Roman civilization

How is the early Roman republic similar to the system of governing we have in the United States?

Early Rulers

Patricians and Plebeians

Around 600 B.C., Etruscan kings begin to rule Rome Kings build Romes first temples and public centers Romans overthrow cruel Etruscan king in 509 B.C. Romans found a republicgovernment in which citizens elect leaders Different groups struggle for power in early Roman Republic Patricians wealthy landowning class that holds most of the power Plebeiansartisans, merchants, and farmers; can vote, cant rule Tribunes elected representatives protect plebeians political rights

How is the early Roman republic similar to the system of governing we have in the United States?

Twelve Tables

Government Under the Republic

In 451 B.C. officials carve Roman laws on twelve tablets They become basis for later Roman law Laws give right of all free citizens protection of the law Citizenship is limited to adult male landowners Rome elects two consuls jointly rule republic - one to lead army, one to direct government Army is powerful; key factor in Romes rise to greatness Senate chosen from Roman upper class; makes foreign, domestic policy Dictators are leaders appointed briefly in times of crisis

Why do you think the Romans gave full citizenship to conquered people living close to Rome?

Rome Conquers Italy

Romes Commercial Network

Romans defeat Etruscans in north and Greek city-states in south By 265 B.C., Rome controls Italian peninsula Conquered peoples treated justly; this enables Rome to grow Rome establishes large trading network Access to Mediterranean Sea provides many trade routes Carthage, powerful city-state in North Africa, soon rivals Rome Rome and Carthage begin Punic Wars three wars between 264146 B.C. Rome defeats Carthage, wins Sicily, in first 23-year war Hannibal Carthaginian generalavenges defeat in Second Punic War Attacks Italy through Spain and France, doesnt take Rome Roman general Scipio defeats Hannibal in 202 B.C. Rome destroys Carthage, enslaves people in last war (149 146 B.C.)

War with Carthage

Rome Triumphs

How did geography influence Romes Development? How did the Punic Wars help increase Roman Power?

Syllabus due Rabbit-Rabbit Super Bowl Agenda

Notes 6-2 and 5 Worksheet Map Quiz tomorrow

The Roman Empire

Main Idea:
The creation of the Roman Empire transforms Roman government, society, economy, and culture.

Why it Matters:
The Roman Empire has served throughout history as a model of political organization and control.

Essential Questions
What problems did the Republic Face? What events led to the creation of the Roman Empire? Describe the empires economy and government

Economic Turmoil

Military Upheaval

Gap between rich and poor widens as Roman Republic grows Farmers, former soldiers, lose to large estates; become homeless Civil warconflict between groups within same countrybegins Military becomes less disciplined and disloyal Soldiers recruited from poor; show loyalty only to their generals Military leader Julius Caesar elected consul in 59 B.C. Caesar, Crassus, Pompey form a triumviratea group of three rulers Military victories give Caesar increasing popularity Pompey fears Caesars challenges him Caesar defeats Pompeys armies Caesar is named dictator for life in 44 B.C.

Julius Caesar Takes Control

Caesars Reforms

Beginning of the Empire

Caesar makes reforms: grants wider citizenship, creates jobs for poor Group of senators opposes Caesar; kills him on March 15, 44 B.C. 43 B.C., Caesars supporters take control; become Second Triumvirate Octavian, Mark Antony, Lepidus alliance ends in jealousy, violence In 31 B.C., Mark Antony and Cleopatras forces are defeated at Actium Octavian accepts title of Augustus, exalted one, and rules Rome

Pax Romana

Under Augustus, Rome moves from a republic to an empire

A Sound Government

Rome enjoys 200 years of peace and prosperity known as Pax Romana
Augustus, Romes ablest ruler, creates lasting system of government
glorifies Rome with beautiful public buildings

Power no longer resides with citizens, but a single ruler

Agriculture and Trade

Agriculture most important industry in empire; 90% of Romans farm Common coin, denarius, makes trade within empire easier Rome has vast trading network, includes China and India, Persia, Russia

Slaves and Captivity

Gods and Goddesses

Slavery is a significant part of Roman life in both cities and farms Some slaves become gladiators; forced to fight to death

Society and Culture

Early Romans honor guardian spirits and gods Jupiter, Juno, Minerva and the emperor
Rich live well; most people are poor, receive grain from government 150 holidays and Coliseum events created to control the masses

What problems did the Republic Face? What events led to the creation of the Roman Empire? Describe the empires economy and government Assignment (Choose 1 of the following)
With a group of 2-3, imagine you are the modern Roman consuls (or triumvirate) and create a modern event poster that you will use to control the masses. In a group of 2, construct a page letter to someone of power (President, Senator, etc.) warning them of the problems that can arise with a wide gap between the rich and the poor. Include Rome in your letter but apply it to our country today.

Rome and the Roots of Western Civilization

Main Idea: The Romans develop many ideas

and institutions that become fundamental to Western Civilization. Why it Matters: Evidence of Roman culture is found throughout Europe and North America and in Asia and Africa.

A New Culture Emerges

Romans adopt aspects of Greek and Hellenistic culture Results in Greco-Roman culture, or classical civilization

Roman Fine Arts

Romans develop bas-relief sculptures to tell stories Artists skilled in creating mosaics, painting frescoes PompeiiRoman town; ash from volcano eruption A.D. 79 preserves art

Learning and Literature

Romans borrow from Greek philosophy and literature Poet Virgil writes epic Aeneid modeled after Homers Greek epics Roman historian Tacitus excels in writing factually accurate history Annals and Histories provide comprehensive look at Roman life

The Latin Language

Latin was official language of Roman Catholic Church until 1900s Develops into French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, Romanian More than half the words in English stem from Latin

Master Builders
Romans pioneer use of arch; also used domes and concrete Create aqueductsstructures to bring water into cities, towns

Roman System of Law

Principles of Roman law form basis of modern legal systems

Romes Enduring Influence

By preserving and adding to Greek civilization, Rome strengthened the Western cultural tradition