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Reflection

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46 views2 pages

Reflection

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Kom SIfu
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Reflection/Lessons Learned Schn (1983) describes two types of reflection: reflection-in-action and reflection-on-action. Reflection-in-action helps us as we co plete a tas!.

"t is that process that allows us to reshape what we are wor!in# on$ while we are wor!in# on it. "t is that on-#oin# e%peri entation that helps us find a &iable solution. "n this$ we do not use a 'trial-and-error( ethod. Rather$ our actions are uch ore reasoned and purposeful than that. "f so ethin# isn)t wor!in# correctly (doesn)t see ri#ht$ doesn)t see to o&e you closer to the #oal) then you 'reflect( (a conscious acti&ity) in the action-present. * critical aspect is the +uestionin# of the assu ptional nature of !nowin#-in-action (,"*)$ where ,"* is not the action itself$ but what that action really indicates that we !now. "n other words$ !nowin#-in-action is often that tacit infor ation that we !now about doin# so ethin#-it is often left une%plained or un entioned when we describe what we do. "t is re&ealed in s!illful perfor ance. Reflectin#-in-action is #enerally called forth when a surprise appears in the process of acco plishin# the tas!. *nd that surprise causes one to +uestion how the surprise occurred #i&en our usual thin!in# process. *s you wor! on your pro.ects you should reflect-in-action. /any of the 'surprises( you will encounter will appear because the !nowin#-in-action on which you draw is lar#ely s!ills that you perhaps de&eloped in other fields. 0hus$ the surprises occur because your old odel doesn)t wor! without odification for the new tas!. 1ou reflect-in-action and find out what is different and how you can chan#e your thin!in# to address this new tas!. Reflection-on-action in our desi#n pro.ects is pro&ided by final reflection papers$ portions of desi#n docu ents titled 'lessons learned$( and also any ti e (written or otherwise) in which you e&aluate your own process (this is actually a critical part of the desi#n process and should well be incorporated into your desi#n docu ents). '2e reflect on action$ thin!in# bac! on what we ha&e done in order to disco&er how our !nowin#-in-action ay ha&e contributed to an une%pected outco e( (Schn$ 1983$ p. 34). So$ how do you reflect-on-action5 6ow do you write lessons learned or a reflection paper5 1. Start by choosin# a critical incident. 0his incident could be so ethin# that you belie&e you finally did correctly after uch ado or it could be so ethin# that e&en in the end you belie&e you didn)t do &ery well (in that case$ the incident is that you turned in so ethin# that you were not pleased with). 0his incident will li!ely be reflected so ewhere in your process docu ents- aybe it is a poor learner analysis or a schedule that was ne&er adhered to. 3. 0hen$ thin! about the co ponents of that incident fro two different ti e fra es. 7or e%a ple$ if it)s so ethin# with which you stru##led and were proud of the acco plish ent in the end$ try to find that 'li#ht bulb( that helped you a!e sense of it. 0hen$ what was it li!e before that ti e and what was it li!e after that ti e. "f it)s so ethin# that you still did not aster$ thin! about what you did and what you would ha&e li!e to ha&e done. 2rite up that personal discussion (a reflection paper will be a con&ersation with yourself in a way). 3. 8e%t$ discuss the thinking process that either e%isted$ or needed to e%ist$ between the two ti e fra es. 2hat was not ri#ht in the !nowin#-in-action5 See if you can find specific e%a ples to lin! in this discussion. *nd$ draw on your resources (boo!$ articles$ etc.) that help e%plain the incident. 9. 7inally$ wrap it all up. Su ari:e your lesson. "n other words$ what ha&e you learned so ne%t ti e your !nowin#-in-action (or at least your reflection-in-action) will be different and will reflect your new understandin#5

Reference

Schn$ ;. *. (198<). 0eachin# artistry throu#h reflection-in-action. "n =ducatin# the reflecti&e practitioner (pp. 33-9>). San 7rancisco$ ?*: @ossey-Aass Bublishers.

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