CORDILLERA CAREERDEVELOPMENT COLLEGE College of Law Poblacion, Buyagan, La Trinidad, Benguet

POSITION PAPER FOR EJECTMENT (FORCIBLE ENTRY) AND DAMAGES

Submitted by: RICHARD P. D MAPIS

Submitted to: ATTY. HARRIET N. ABYADANG

Re!"#l$% of &'e P'$l$!!$(e) M NICIPAL TRIAL CO RT OF LA TRINIDAD FIRST J DICIAL REGION BENG ET PROVINCE

ARVIN D. MA NAHAN Plaintiff, CIVIL CASE No. *+,-+ - er!u!"or: EJECTMENT (FORCIBLE ENTRY) AND DAMAGES

JANJAN D. MA. LANGAN Defendant / 000000000000000000000000000000000000/

POSITION PAPER FOR THE PLAINTIFF PLAINTIFF, by coun!el mo!t re!#ect$ully !ubmit! t%i!

POSITION PAPER and a er!: TIMELINESS T%e Plainti$$ t%ru coun!el recei ed an order $rom !aid Court dated &ecember '(, )(*) re+uiring t%e ,nder!igned Coun!el to $ile #o!ition #a#er -it%in ten .*(/ day! $rom recei#t t%ereo$ or on or be$ore 0anuary 1, )(*' %ence !aid #o!ition #a#er i! $iled. STATEMENT OF THE CASE T%i! i! an action $or "orcible Entry and &amage! commenced by t%e Plainti$$ Ar in &. 2auna%an again!t t%e &e$endant 0an3an &. 2a4ulangan be$ore t%e 5onorable Court. T%e !ub3ect matter o$ t%i! action i! a #iece o$ land identi$ied a! Lot No. )-C-)6 co ered -it% TCT No. )'76 -it% an area o$ *,((( !+uare meter! !ituated at 8angal, LaTrinidad, Benguet. Plainti$$ claim! t%at t%e de$endant t%roug% !tealt% and !trategy u!ur#ed a #ortion o$ %i! #ro#erty and con!tructed a t-o !torey %ou!e t%erein -%en t%e #lainti$$ -a! on acation. &e$endant denied !aid allegation and inter#o!ed t%e de$en!e t%at t%ere i! no ca!e o$ $orcible entry !ince %e did not a##ly 9":;CE< -%en %e entered t%e !ub3ect #ro#erty, t%at t%e #lainti$$ did

not !u$$er actual or moral damage!, t%at #lainti$$ !%ould be made to #ay $or t%e Attorney=! $ee! o$ t%e de$endant and t%at t%e ca!e !%ould be di!mi!!ed becau!e t%e !ame -a! not re$erred $or Barangay Conciliation #rior to $iling in court. Bot% #artie! %a e #re!ented t%eir #iece! o$ e idence. T%e ca!e i! no- !ubmitted $or deci!ion be$ore t%e 5onorable Court. STATEMENT OF FACTS T%e #lainti$$ i! t%e la-$ul o-ner o$ a #arcel o$ land e idenced by a &eed o$ Sale e>ecuted bet-een %im and t%e original o-ner 2r. Antonio 5. Ambog. T%e #arcel o$ land i! !ituated at 8angal, La Trinidad Benguet co ered by TCT No. )'76 -it% an area o$ *,((( !+uare meter!. Attac%ed i! a co#y o$ t%e &eed o$ Ab!olute Sale o$ t%e land e>ecuted by t%e #lainti$$ and t%e !eller a! anne> 9A< and made an integral #art %ereo$. Co#y o$ t%e TCT No. *6'6 i! li4e-i!e attac%ed a! Anne> 9B< and made integral #art o$ t%i! #o!ition #a#er.
*.

). T%e #lainti$$ built a %ou!e on and de elo#ed one-%al$ o$ t%e #ro#erty, lea ing t%e ot%er %al$ idle -it% t%e intention o$ %a ing it rented out at T-enty Pe!o! #er !+uare meter, t%e running rate o$ lea!e $or unde elo#ed land at t%e #lace. '. :n (* A#ril )(**, t%e #lainti$$ -ent on a mont% long acation. Ta4ing ad antage o$ t%e ab!ence o$ t%e #lainti$$, %erein de$endant, !urre#titiou!ly occu#ied t%e remaining unde elo#ed %al$ o$ t%e #ro#erty and e en built a t-o !tory %ou!e on !aid lot. Picture! o$ !aid !tructure i! attac%ed a! Anne> 9C<.
6.

7. ,#on %i! return $rom %i! mont% long acation on () 2ay )(**, #lainti$$ -a! !ur#ri!ed to !ee t%e ne- %ou!e -it%in %i! #ro#erty built and occu#ied by t%e de$endant. :n t%e !ame day, #lainti$$ $iled a com#laint o$ $orcible entry -it% #rayer $or Preliminary In3unction and damage! again!t %erein de$endant be$ore t%e 2unici#al Trial Court. In contro erting t%e in!tant e3ectment com#laint, de$endant rai!ed t%e $ollo-ing de$en!e:
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a. T%at t%ere i! no ba!i! $or a Com#laint $or "orcible Entry becau!e %e did not a##ly 9":;CE< -%en %e entered t%e !ub3ect #ro#erty@ b. T%at t%e Plainti$$ did not !u$$er actual or moral damage!@ c. T%at !ince t%e Plainti$$ $orced %im to %ire a la-yer to #re!ent %im in court, Plainti$$ !%ould be made to #ay %im attorney=! $ee!@ and d. T%at t%e Com#laint o$ Ar in !%ould be di!mi!!ed $or $ailure to re$er t%e ca!e to Barangay Conciliation be$ore $iling in court. ISS ES I! Plainti$$ in #rior #o!!e!!ion o$ t%e land in di!#uteA I! 9":;CE< nece!!ary in action o$ "orcible EntryA III. &id t%e Plainti$$ !u$$er actual or moral damageA IV.I! non-com#liance -it% t%e Barangay Conciliation Proceeding! a 3uri!dictional de$ect t%at -arrant! di!mi!!al o$ t%i! ca!eA
I. II.

ARG MENTS AND DISC SSIONS

I! Plainti$$ in #rior #o!!e!!ion o$ t%e land in di!#uteA

T%e main i!!ue in $orcible entry ca!e! i! t%e #%y!ical #o!!e!!ion o$ real #ro#erty B #o!!e!!ion de $acto and not #o!!e!!ion de 3ure (Gutierrez vs. Magat, 67 SCRA 262). T%e !ub3ect matter t%ereo$ merely i! t%e material #o!!e!!ion or #o!!e!!ion de $acto o er t%e real #ro#erty. T%e +ue!tion! to be re!ol ed !im#ly are t%e!e: "ir!t, -%o %ad actual #o!!e!!ion o er t%e #iece o$ real #ro#ertyA Second, -a! t%e #o!!e!!or ou!ted t%ere$rom -it%in one year $rom t%e $iling o$ t%e com#laint by $orce, t%reat, !trategy, or !tealt%A And la!tly, doe! %e a!4 $or t%e re!toration o$ %i! #o!!e!!ionA Any contro er!y o er o-ner!%i# rig%t! !%ould be !ettled a$ter t%e #arty -%o %ad t%e #rior, #eace$ul and actual #o!!e!!ion i! returned to t%e #ro#erty (Dizon vs. Con ina, !" SCRA #$7). A! incident! o$ t%e main i!!ue o$ #o!!e!!ion de $acto, t%e in$erior court can decide t%e +ue!tion! o$ .a/ -%et%er or not t%e relation!%i# bet-een t%e #artie! i! one o$ landlord and tenant@ .b/ -%et%er or not t%ere i! a lea!e contract bet-een t%e #artie!, t%e #eriod o$ !uc% lea!e contract and -%et%er or not t%e lea!e contract %a! already e>#ired@ .c/ t%e 3u!t and rea!onable amount o$ t%e rent and t%e date -%en it -ill ta4e e$$ect@ .d/ t%e rig%t o$ t%e tenant to 4ee# t%e #remi!e! again!t t%e -ill o$ t%e landlord@ and .e/ i$ t%e de$endant %a! built on t%e land a !ub!tantial and aluable building and t%ere i! no di!#ute bet-een t%e #artie! a! to t%e

o-ner!%i# o$ t%e land and t%e building, t%eir rig%t! according to t%e Ci il Code. In t%e in!tant ca!e, t%e #lainti$$ too4 #o!!e!!ion o$ t%e !ub3ect #remi!e! u#on t%e e>ecution o$ a &eed o$ Sale and %a! been in occu#ancy t%ereo$ !ince t%en u# to t%e #re!ent. ,nder t%e la-, #o!!e!!ion i! tran!$erred to t%e endee by irtue o$ t%e notariCed deed o$ con eyance. ,nder Article *6DE o$ t%e Ci il Code o$ t%e P%ili##ine!, 9%&en t&e sale is 'ade t&roug& a (u)li instru'ent, t&e e*e ution t&ereof s&all )e e+uivalent to t&e deliver, of t&e o)-e t of t&e ontra t, if fro' t&e deed t&e ontrar, does not a((ear or annot learl, )e inferred.< (.ng C&ing Po, et al. vs. Court of A((eals, 2!$ SCRA !/0). Article 7'* o$ t%e !tatute i! e>#licit, t%u!: 9Possession is a +uired ), t&e 'aterial (ossession of a t&ing or t&e e*er ise of a rig&t, or ), t&e fa t t&at it is su)-e t to t&e a tion of our %ill or ), t&e (ro(er a ts or legal for'alities esta)lis&ed for a +uiring su & rig&t.< T%e #lainti$$, a$ter %a ing boug%t t%e land $rom t%e original o-ner %a! in $act de elo#ed, built a %ou!e and occu#ied t%e #ro#erty. All t%e!e clearly !%o- t%at e en be$ore t%e de$endant=! intru!ion o$ t%e acant #ortion o$ t%e lot, #lainti$$ -a! already re!iding and i! in actual #o!!e!!ion o$ t%e #ro#erty. In De la Rosa vs. Carlos (GR 1o. 0/72/$, . to)er 2!, 2""!), t%e Su#reme Court %eld t%at 3(ossession in t&e e,es of t&e la% does not 'ean t&at a 'an &as to &ave &is feet on ever, s+uare 'eter of t&e ground )efore &e is dee'ed to )e in (ossession.4 It i! !u$$icient t%at t%e Plainti$$ -a! able to !ub3ect t%e #ro#erty to t%e action o$ %i! -ill. 2oreo er, t%e de$endant did not rai!e t%e +ue!tion o$ la-$ul #o!!e!!ion !ince in %i! mind %e 4no-! -%o t%e la-$ul o-ner o$ t%e land i!. II. I! 9":;CE< nece!!ary in action! $or "orcible EntryA

T%e #ro i!ion! o$ Section *, ;ule 1( o$ t%e ;ule! o$ Court are clear. 8%ere a #er!on unla-$ully de#ri e! anot%er o$ %i! #ro#erty, an e3ectment $or $orcible entry ca!e may be $iled again!t t%e u!ur#er -%o de#ri e! anot%er o$ #o!!e!!ion o$ land or building by $orce, intimidation, or !tealt% or t%reat! or !trategy. W%ere t%e de$endant=! #o!!e!!ion o$ t%e #ro#erty i! illegal a) initio, t%e !ummary action $or $orcible entry .detenta ion/ i! t%e remedy to reco er #o!!e!!ion (5avier v. 6eridiano 77, G.R. 1o. /#"2", . to)er 0", 0$$/, 2!7 SCRA 262).

In 8anez vs. 9ut&eran C&ur & in t&e P&ili((ines (/72 SCRA 0!), t%e Su#reme Court %eld t%at 9t&e %ords: ), for e, inti'idation, t&reat, strateg, or stealt&, in lude ever, situation or ondition under %&i & one (erson an %rongfull, enter u(on real (ro(ert, to e* lude anot&er, %&o %as in (rior (ossession.4 In Mediran vs 6illanueva (!7 P&il 722, 726), it -a! %eld t%at 9t%e act o$ going on t%e #ro#erty and e>cluding t%e la-$ul #o!!e!!or t%ere$rom nece!!arily im#lie! t%e e>ertion o$ $orce o er t%e #ro#erty, and t%i! i! all t%at i! nece!!ary.< T%e em#loyment o$ $orce, in t%i! ca!e, can be deduced $rom #etitioner=! allegation t%at re!#ondent too4 $ull control and #o!!e!!ion o$ t%e !ub3ect #ro#erty -it%out %i! con!ent and aut%ority. 9Stealt%< on t%e ot%er %and, -a! de$ined a! any !ecret, !ly, or clande!tine act to a oid di!co ery and to gain entrance into or remain -it%in re!idence o$ anot%er -it%out #ermi!!ion, -%ile 9!trategy< connote! t%e em#loyment o$ mac%ination! or arti$ice! to gain #o!!e!!ion o$ t%e !ub3ect #ro#erty .Su'ulong v. Court of A((eals , 2!2 SCRA !72). In 6aldez vs. Court of A((eals (GR 1o. 0!2/2/, Ma, 2, 2""6), it $urt%er e>#lained t%at 9if t&e (ossession of t&e defendant %as illegal at t&e in e(tion and not 'erel, tolerated )e ause t&e defendant started to o u(, t&e su)-e t lot and t&en )uilt a &ouse t&ereon %it&out t&e (er'ission and onsent of t&e o%ner or rig&tful (ossessor, t&e defendant;s entr, into t&e land %as effe ted landestinel, %it&out t&e <no%ledge of t&e o%ners. 7t is t&erefore (ossession ), stealt& %&i & is for i)le entr,.4 It i! clear t%at t%ere are ot%er $orm! o$ committing "orcible Entry ot%er t%an u!ing 9":;CE<, but al!o by 9STEALT5< and 9ST;ATEFG<. In t%e in!tant ca!e, t%e de$endant, -it%out t%e con!ent and #ermi!!ion o$ t%e #lainti$$, clande!tinely u!ur#ed #ortion! o$ t%e latter=! #ro#erty t%roug% !tealt% and !trategy, entering and building a %ou!e on t%e acant #ortion o$ t%e !ub3ect #ro#erty, -it% clear intention o$ #ermanency. III. I! t%e Plainti$$ entitled $or actual or moral damageA

Section *, ;ule 1( o$ t%e ;ule! o$ Court !tate! t%at a #er!on de#ri ed o$ t%e #o!!e!!ion o$ any land or building by $orce, intimidation, t%reat, !trategy, or !tealt%, may at any time -it%in one .*/ year a$ter !uc% unla-$ul de#ri ation or -it%%olding o$ #o!!e!!ion, bring an action in t%e #ro#er 2unici#al Trial Court

again!t t%e #er!on or #er!on! unla-$ully -it%%olding or de#ri ing o$ #o!!e!!ion, or any #er!on or #er!on! claiming under t%em, $or t%e re!titution o$ !uc% #o!!e!!ion, toget%er -it% damage! and co!t!. Section *1 o$ t%e ;ule 1( $urt%er #ro ide! t%at i$ a$ter trial t%e court $ind! t%at t%e allegation! o$ t%e com#laint are true, it !%all render 3udgment in $a or o$ t%e #lainti$$ $or t%e re!titution o$ t%e #remi!e!, t%e !um 3u!tly due a! arrear! o$ rent or a! rea!onable com#en!ation $or t%e u!e and occu#ation o$ t%e #remi!e!, attorney=! $ee! and co!t!. I$ it $ind! t%at !aid allegation! are not true, it !%all render 3udgment $or t%e de$endant to reco er %i! co!t!. I$ a counterclaim i! e!tabli!%ed, t%e court !%all render 3udgment $or t%e !um $ound in arrear! $rom eit%er #arty and a-ard co!t! a! 3u!tice re+uire!. Article )( o$ t%e Ci il Code o$ t%e P%ili##ine! !tate! t%at 3=ver, (erson %&o, ontrar, to la%, %illfull, or negligentl, auses da'age to anot&er s&all inde'nif, t&e latter for t&e sa'e4. A! a re!ult o$ t%e clande!tine intru!ion o$ t%e de$endant, de#ri ing t%e #lainti$$ o$ %i! #ro#erty %ence t%e #lainti$$ !u$$ered damage!. 5e -a! con!trained to engage t%e !er ice! o$ a la-yer to #rotect %i! rig%t! and intere!t, %ence de$endant !%ould be ordered to #ay t%e amount o$ P)(,((( to t%e #lainti$$ by -ay o$ attorney=! $ee!. 2oreo er, t%e #ro i!ion! o$ Article ))(( o$ t%e ;ule! o$ Court clearly !tate t%at, indemni$ication $or damage! !%all com#re%end not only t%e alue o$ t%e lo!! !u$$ered, but al!o t%at o$ t%e #ro$it! -%ic% t%e obligee $ailed to obtain. Prior to %i! acation, #lainti$$ intended to rent out t%e 7(( !+uare meter #ortion o$ %i! lot at T-enty Pe!o! .P%# )(.((/ #er !+uare meter, %o-e er, t%e !ame did not materialiCe due to t%e unla-$ul intru!ion o$ t%e de$endant to t%e !ub3ect #ro#erty. 5ence, #lainti$$ !u$$ered actual damage o$ P%# *(,(((.((. By rea!on o$ t%e gro!! and e ident bad $ait% o$ t%e de$endant -%en %e clande!tinely u!ur#ed a #ortion o$ t%e #lainti$$=! #ro#erty and deliberately re$u!ed to acate t%e a$ore!aid #remi!e! and by -ay o$ e>am#le or correction $or t%e #ublic good, #lainti$$ %erein i! duly entitled $or t%e #ayment o$ e>em#lary damage! in t%e amount o$ P%# )(,(((.((.

IV. I! non-com#liance -it% t%e Barangay Conciliation Proceeding! a 3uri!dictional de$ect t%at -arrant! di!mi!!al o$ t%i! ca!eA Section 6*) o$ t%e ;e i!ed Hatarungang Pambarangay La#ro ide!: Sec. 6*). Conciliation. I .a/ Pre-condition to $iling o$ com#laint in court. I No com#laint, #etition, action, or #roceeding in ol ing any matter -it%in t%e aut%ority o$ t%e Lu#on !%all be $iled or in!tituted directly in court or any ot%er go ernment o$$ice $or ad3udication unle!! t%ere %a! been a con$rontation bet-een t%e #artie! be$ore t%e lu#on c%airman or t%e #ang4at, and t%at no conciliation or !ettlement %a! been reac%ed a! certi$ied by t%e lu#on !ecretary or t%e #ang4at !ecretary, atte!ted to by t%e lu#on c%airman or #ang4at c%airman or unle!! t%e !ettlement %a! been re#udiated by t%e #artie! t%ereto. Section*), ;ule 1( o$ t%e ;ule! o$ Court $urt%er !tate! t%at ca!e! !%ould be re$erred $or conciliation, -%ere t%ere i! no !%o-ing o$ com#liance -it% !uc% re+uirement@ t%ey !%all be di!mi!!ed -it%out #re3udice, and may be re i ed only a$ter t%at, re+uirement !%all %a e been com#lied -it%. Al!o Section ), ;ule*E, ;ule! o$ Court/. 5o-e er, t%ere are in!tance! -%ere t%e #artie! may go directly to court a! #ro ided by Section 6*) .b/ o$ t%e ;e i!ed Hatarungang Pambarangay La- a! $ollo-!: */ 8%ere t%e accu!ed i! under detention@ 2) 8%ere a #er!on %a! ot%er-i!e been de#ri ed o$ #er!onal liberty calling $or &a)eas or(us #roceeding!@ 3) 8%ere action! are cou#led -it% #ro i!ional remedie! !uc% a! #reliminary in3unction, attac%ment, deli ery o$ #er!onal #ro#erty and !u##ort (endente lite@ and 6/ 8%ere t%e action may ot%er-i!e be barred by t%e !tatute o$ limitation!. At t%e in!tant ca!e, t%e com#laint $or e3ectment $iled by t%e #lainti$$ contained an a##lication $or t%e i!!uance o$ a -rit o$ #reliminary mandatory in3unction, a! allo-ed under Section '' o$ BP *)D. T%e !uit -ould, t%ere$ore, o!ten!ibly $all under t%e e>ce#tion mentioned in Section 6*) .b/ o$ t%e Hatarungang Pambarangay La-.

,nder Section ' o$ ;ule 1(, an e3ectment ca!e i! a !u''ar, (ro edure, and t%at all action! $or $orcible entry and unla-$ul detainer, irre!#ecti e o$ t%e amount o$ damage! or un#aid rental! !oug%t to be reco ered, !%all be go erned by t%e !ummary #rocedure %ereunder #ro ided. Additionally, it i! al!o a $irmly !ettled #rinci#le t%at t%e munici#al court %a! 3uri!diction o er $orcible entry or unla-$ul detainer ca!e! (>eirs of 5a o)o 8olus, et. al. vs. ?&e Court of A((eals and S(ouses Ri ardo and Gli eria 5i'enez, G. R. 1o. 0"7"!6, @e)ruar, $, 0$$!). T%e rationale i! t%at $orcible entry ca!e! are !ummary #roceeding! de!igned to #ro ide $or an e>#editiou! mean! o$ #rotecting actual #o!!e!!ion or t%e rig%t to #o!!e!!ion o$ t%e #ro#erty in ol ed (Re(u)li vs. Guarin, #0 SCRA 26$). It %a! been %eld t%at t%e!e action! Jare intended to a oid di!ru#tion o$ #ublic order by t%o!e -%o -ould ta4e t%e la- in t%eir %and! #ur#ortedly to en$orce t%eir claimed rig%t o$ #o!!e!!ionJ (6da de 9egas(i vs AvendaAo, 7$ SCRA 0!2, Se(te')er 27, 0$77). It doe! not admit o$ a delay in t%e determination t%ereo$. It i! 9time #rocedure< de!igned to remedy t%e !ituation (Ma)alot vs. Madela, 5r. 020 SCRA !/7). Procedural tec%nicality i! t%ere$ore ob iated and reliance t%ereon to !tay e iction $rom t%e #ro#erty !%ould not be tolerated and cannot o erride !ub!tantial 3u!tice (Da<udao vs. Consola ion, 022 SCRA #77). So muc% !o t%at 3udgment mu!t be e>ecuted immediately -%en it i! in $a or o$ t%e #lainti$$ in order to #re ent $urt%er damage! ari!ing $rom lo!! o$ #o!!e!!ion (Salinas vs. 1avarro 026 SCRA 067). PRAYER WHEREFORE, #remi!e! con!idered, it i! mo!t re!#ect$ully #rayed o$ t%e 5onorable Court t%at t%e in!tant e3ectment !uit be decided in $a or o$ t%e #lainti$$ and ordering t%e de$endant to: Permanently acate t%e #remi!e! in +ue!tion and gi e t%e immediate rig%t o$ #o!!e!!ion to t%e #lainti$$@ 2. Pay #lainti$$ e>em#lary damage! in t%e amount o$ P%# )(,(((@ 3. Pay #lainti$$ actual damage! in t%e amount o$ P%# *(,(((.((@ 6. Attorney=! "ee! in t%e amount o$ P)(,(((@ and 7. Pay t%e co!t o$ t%i! !uit.
1.

:t%er !uc% relie$! t%at are 3u!t and e+uitable under t%e #remi!e! are li4e-i!e #rayed $or.

;ESPECT",LLG S,B2ITTE& La Trinidad, Benguet 0anuary 1, )(*'

ATTY. RICHARD P. D MAPIS Commi!!ion No. *)6 - )(*' Notary Public $or Benguet Pro ince ,ntil &ecember '*, )(*' &uma#i! and A!!ociate!, ;oom )(6 ;P& Building, Hm. 6 La Trinidad Benguet PT; No. *'6'6)@ *K6K)(*'@ La Trinidad, Benguet Bar ;oll No. A-7?6)'7@ EK*7K)(*( IBP Li$etime No. ?E1DD@ EK)6K)(*(@ Baguio-Benguet 2CLE Com#liance No. I 611E? !erie! o$ )(*)@ EK))K)(*)

Co#y $urni!%ed Atty. Bru!co N. Talunan Coun!el $or t%e &e$endant Talunan La- :$$ice, '(D La4ay Building Hm. 7 La Trinidad, Benguet By: Per!onal &eli ery

;e#ublic o$ t%e P%ili##ine!/ Pro ince o$ Benguet / S.S. 2unici#ality o$ La Trinidad / VERIFICATION I, ARVIN D. MA NAHAN , "ili#ino, o$ legal age and re!ident o$ 8angal, La Trinidad, Benguet, a$ter %a ing been duly !-orn in accordance -it% la-, %ereby de#o!e and !tate t%at: I am t%e #etitioner o$ t%e abo e titled ca!e@ t%at I %a e cau!ed t%e #re#aration o$ t%e abo e brie$ and under!tood t%e content! t%ereo$, and I %ereby declare t%at all t%e allegation! contained %erein are true and correct o$ my o-n #er!onal 4no-ledge and t%e aut%entic record! o$ t%e ca!e. IN 1ITNESS 1HEREOF, I %a e %ereunto !et my %and t%i! 6t% day o$ 0anuary )(*', at La Trinidad, Benguet, P%ili##ine!. ARVIN D. MA NAHAN A$$iant S BSCRIBED AND S1ORN to be$ore me t%i! 6t% day o$ 0anuary )(*', at La Trinidad, Benguet, P%ili##ine!, a$$iant i! 4no-n to me #er!onally and e>%ibiting to me %i! &ri er=! Licen!e -it% number 1EEDDD, i!!ued at Baguio City, P%ili##ine! on 0anuary ', )(**. ATTY. RICHARD P. D MAPIS Commi!!ion No. *)6 - )(*' Notary Public $or Benguet Pro ince ,ntil &ecember '*, )(*' &uma#i! and A!!ociate!, ;oom )(6 ;P& Building, Hm. 6 La Trinidad Benguet PT; No. *'6'6)@ *K6K)(*'@ La Trinidad, Benguet Bar ;oll No. A-7?6)'7@ EK*7K)(*( IBP Li$etime No. ?E1DD@ EK)6K)(*(@ Baguio-Benguet 2CLE Com#liance No. I 611E? !erie! o$ )(*)@ EK))K)(*) &oc No. '6@ Page No. )E@ Boo4 No. )(@ Serie! o$ )(*).