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Lesson7: Vertically and Crosswise Multiplication

Vertically and crosswise multiplication is an efficient method for multiplying multi-digit numbers without long multiplication. It involves multiplying digits vertically and crosswise, carrying numbers when needed, and writing the partial products from right to left to get the final answer. A 4-digit multiplication example is provided to illustrate the step-by-step process of multiplying vertically and crosswise.

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rupeshraj
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60 views

Lesson7: Vertically and Crosswise Multiplication

Vertically and crosswise multiplication is an efficient method for multiplying multi-digit numbers without long multiplication. It involves multiplying digits vertically and crosswise, carrying numbers when needed, and writing the partial products from right to left to get the final answer. A 4-digit multiplication example is provided to illustrate the step-by-step process of multiplying vertically and crosswise.

Uploaded by

rupeshraj
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson7

VERTICALLY AND CROSSWISE MULTIPLICATION

Consider the conventional multiplication of two 2 digit numbers 12 and 23 shown below: 12 X 23 36 24x 276

This is normally called long multiplication but actually the answer can be written straight down using the VERTICALLY AND CR !!"I!E #ormula$

There are % steps& a' (ultiply vertically on t e le!t& ) * %+ " This gi,es the #irst #igure o# the answer$ b' (ultiply cross#ise an$ a$$& - * % . ) * ) + 7 This gi,es the middle #igure$ c' (ultiply vertically on t e ri% t& - * ) + & This gi,es the last #igure o# the

'( ) '" * +,"

The method is the same as abo,e e*cept that we get a )/#igure number0 -10 in the middle step0 so the - is carried o,er to the le#t 21 becomes 3'$

&& ) ,, * (,+' There may be more than one carry in a sum&

Vertically on the le#t we get -)$ Crosswise gi,es us )10 so we carry ) to the le#t and mentally get -11$ Then ,ertically on the right we get -) and the here is carried o,er to the -11 to ma4e -13)$ This is multiplication o# ) digits numbers $Now we learn % digits multiplication

& Di%its M-lti.lication


Let us try to understand this by an example.

('& )&'(*//// Ste. ( "e start #rom right and multiply last digits o# both numbers ,ertically

%*- +% Ste. ' (ultiply last two digits crosswise and add together and write be#ore step one #igure

)*-.%*)+) . 5 + 6 Ste. & (ultiply #irst and last digits crosswise and middle digit ,ertically and add together and write total be#ore step ) #igure

-*- .%*% .)*) +-.7.%+-1 Ste. , (ultiply #irst two digits crosswise and add together and write be#ore step % #igure also add carry

)*- .%*).- +7 Ste. + (ultiply #irst digits o# both numbers ,ertically and write be#ore step 1 #igure ( ' & I & ' ( & 0 (, 1 & -*%+% ur re8uired answer is %716%

Practice Test
)6 *67 )37* 967 )6*5) )67 *67 : 35*16 69 *35 )%5 *135 )-- *697 36* 96 )3*67

;int )67 *<67 )67 * <67 <*) = )*6.6*<+-5 = 7*7+6)*7.6*6.<*7+6) = 6*7.6*7+-11 =

-5.7+'+

= 6).-3+77 =-11.6 +-3' + '+7'(

=6(

>ac4

;ome

Ne*t

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