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Chemical Technology and Process Flow Diagrams

This document discusses key aspects of industrial chemical processes including products, process types, flowsheets, mass and energy balances, reactor design, separation processes, process control, safety, and economics. It classifies chemical products as bulk chemicals, fine chemicals, and specialty chemicals. Bulk chemicals are large volume, lower cost products. Fine chemicals are produced on a smaller scale in more versatile batch units. Specialty chemicals are formulated products used for specific industrial and consumer purposes. The document also covers process flowsheets, schematic diagrams, piping and instrumentation diagrams, and their symbols.

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Che Tonix
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462 views14 pages

Chemical Technology and Process Flow Diagrams

This document discusses key aspects of industrial chemical processes including products, process types, flowsheets, mass and energy balances, reactor design, separation processes, process control, safety, and economics. It classifies chemical products as bulk chemicals, fine chemicals, and specialty chemicals. Bulk chemicals are large volume, lower cost products. Fine chemicals are produced on a smaller scale in more versatile batch units. Specialty chemicals are formulated products used for specific industrial and consumer purposes. The document also covers process flowsheets, schematic diagrams, piping and instrumentation diagrams, and their symbols.

Uploaded by

Che Tonix
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY &

PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAMS


Aspects of Industrial Chemical
Processes
Products
Types of process
Flowsheets
Mass balances
Energy balances
Heat transfer and heat exchangers
Reactor design and operation
Separation and purification processes
Aspects of chemical processes cont.
Process instrumentation and process control
Materials handling
Process economics
Safety and environmental issues
Quality etc.
Classification of chemical products
Bulk chemicals e.g. sulphuric acid
Fine chemicals e.g. ibuprofen
Speciality chemicals e.g. adhesives
Inorganic/organic

Classification of chemical products Contd.
Bulk chemicals are characterised by a combination
of two parameters large volume production,
which is supported by market demand, and lower
unit costs, where the principle of economy of
scale is important.
Classification of chemical products contd.
Fine chemicals are produced on a relatively
smaller scale in more versatile (less dedicated
generally) production units using batch
operations. Product specifications may be more
exacting and unit cost is relatively higher. Fine
chemicals may be used as ingredients in
formulations or as intermediates in the
production of more complex chemicals. Eg., bulk
pharmaceuticals.


Speciality chemicals are chemically
formulated products manufactured from basic
chemicals which are used by industry and
domestic consumers for specific purposes. For
example: coatings, adhesives, pharmaceutical
products, pesticides, cosmetics, disinfectants
etc.
Classification of chemical products Contd.
Process flowsheet
Symbols
Stream information
Layout

SCHEMATIC/BLOCK FLOW DIAGRAM
SYMBOLS FOR PFD
SYMBOLS FOR PFD
PFD of a typical amine treating process
Stream information
P and I Diagram
Equipment details and arrangement (item no.,
name, dimensions, materials of construction, rate
or capacity, occupation time, T, P, materials
handled, heat duty, power)
Pipe details
Valves
Ancillary fittings
Pumps
Instrumentation and control loops
Services (utilities)
Symbols
Layout

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