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Flight Controls: Center of Gravity

Aircraft flight controls allow pilots to control the direction and attitude of an aircraft. There are three primary flight controls: ailerons on the wings, an elevator on the horizontal stabilizer, and a rudder on the vertical stabilizer. Ailerons control roll by moving differentially up and down. The elevator controls pitch by moving the entire stabilizer up and down. The rudder controls yaw by deflecting left and right. Secondary flight controls improve performance and reduce control loads. Elevator trim balances control forces needed to maintain lift on the tail. Some aircraft have non-standard primary controls, like entire movable tailplanes instead of elevators.

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Valentin Condurache
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58 views

Flight Controls: Center of Gravity

Aircraft flight controls allow pilots to control the direction and attitude of an aircraft. There are three primary flight controls: ailerons on the wings, an elevator on the horizontal stabilizer, and a rudder on the vertical stabilizer. Ailerons control roll by moving differentially up and down. The elevator controls pitch by moving the entire stabilizer up and down. The rudder controls yaw by deflecting left and right. Secondary flight controls improve performance and reduce control loads. Elevator trim balances control forces needed to maintain lift on the tail. Some aircraft have non-standard primary controls, like entire movable tailplanes instead of elevators.

Uploaded by

Valentin Condurache
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Flight Controls

Aircraft flight controls are the means by which a pilot controls the direction and attitude of an
aircraft in flight. In this prezentation i will describes the control surfaces used on a fixed-wing aircraft of
conventional design.
An aircraft is free to rotate around three axes that are perpendicular to each other and intersect
at its center of gravity (CG). To control position and direction a pilot must be able to control rotation
about each of them
Primary flight controls are required to safely control an aircraft during flight and they effectiveness
increases with aircraft speed.
Ailerons are mounted on the trailing edge of each wing near the wingtips and move in opposite
directions. When the pilot moves the stick left, the left aileron goes up and the right aileron goes down.
A raised aileron reduces lift on that wing and a lowered one increases lift.
An elevator is a moveable part of the horizontal stabilizer, hinged to the back of the fixed part of
the horizontal tail. The elevators move up and down together. When the pilot pulls the stick backward,
the elevators go up. Raised elevators push down on the tail and cause the nose to pitch up. This
makes the wings fly at a higher angle of attack, which generates more lift and more drag.
The rudder is typically mounted on the trailing edge of the vertical stabilizer, part of
the empennage. When the pilot pushes the left pedal, the rudder deflects left. Pushing the right pedal
causes the rudder to deflect right. Deflecting the rudder right pushes the tail left and causes the nose
to yaw to the right.
Secondary flight controls are intended to improve the aircraft performance characteristics or to relieve
excessive control loading,
Elevator trim balances the control force necessary to maintain the aerodynamic down force on the
tail.
. Some aircraft configurations have non-standard primary controls. For example instead of elevators
at the back of the stabilizers, the entire tailplane may change angle. Some aircraft have a tail in the
shape of a V, and the moving parts at the back of those combine the functions of elevators and
rudder.

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