Present Perfect Vs Simple Past

Present Perfect

Sujeto + has/have + past participle + complement


Simple Past

Subject +verb in past( regular or irregular)+ complement
Present Perfect Vs Simple Past






The present perfect is used when the time
period has NOT finished:
I have seen three
movies this week.
(This week has not finished
yet.)

The simple past is used when the time period
HAS finished:
I saw three movies last
week.
(Last week has finished.)

Examples
- I have listened classic music during the all day
- She has not paid the loan this month.
- They have recently played basketball in the new court.
- I lived in New York for 10 years.
- I ate the cake yesterday.
- Kenneth and his wife had a baby one week ago.
Time expressions are used with simple past
Yesterday, last (day, month, year, week, Monday, night, summer, the day before yesterday

The present perfect is used when the time is
not specific:
I have seen that movie
already.
(We don't know when.)

The simple past is used when the time is
clear:
I saw that movie on
Thursday.
(We know exactly when.)

Examples

- They have recently eaten Thai food
- She has sung in a new club lately.

- I had a car the last summer
- She was gardener two months ago


Affirmative
I went to London - ( Fui a London )
He went to London - ( El fue a London )

Negative
I didn't go to London - ( No fui a London )
He didn't go to London - ( El no fue a London )

Interrogative
Did I go to London ? - ( Fui a London ? )
Did he go to London ? - ( Fue l a London? )

Simple Past
Affirmative: (subject + ed verb + complement)
They talked yesterday.

Negative: (subject+ didn't + base form of the verb+ complement)

They didnt talk yesterday.
He didnt miss the bus.

Interrogative: (Did + subject + base form of the verb + complement?)
- Did they talk yesterday?
- Did he miss the bus?

Examples
In the mornings we (walk) _______ in the streets of London.
In the evenings we (go) ______to pubs.
The weather (be) ________ strangely fine.
It (not / rain) __________ rain a lot.
But we (see) _______some beautiful rainbows.
Where (spend / you) ________ your last holiday?

Walked,
went,
was,
did not rain,
saw,
did you spend.
MODALS OF ABILITY
There are three modal verbs used to
show ability:
Can, Could, Be Able To

Present
I can play the guitar.
She can speak German.

- Can is always followed by a base verb.

Past
I could sing very well when I was young.
She could read when she was 2 years old.

Future
I will be able to drive a car in 2 years.
He will be able to buy a house next year.


Note: Negatives are formed by using "not".

Present: I can not play piano.
Negative: She can't play piano.
Past: She could not finish her homework last night.
They couldn't finish their homework last night.
Future: I will not be able to go to the party tonight.
Susan won't be able to go to the party tonight.

Questions are formed by changing the order of the
words.

Can you drive a car?
Could he swim?
Will Doug be able to bring his boots?

Notice that "will be able to" is separated when used
in a question:

Will he be able to finish on time?


Exercises
1. 8 years ago, I __________ play the piano.
a) can
b) could
c) will be able to
could

2. In 3 years I __________ drive.
a) can
b) could
c) will be able to
Will be able to

3. __________ you hear the music right now?
a) Can
b) Could
c) Could not
can

4. I __________ swim.
a) cant
b) can't
c) cant
cant

5. __________ go to the party tomorrow?
a) Can you
b) Could you
c) Will you be able to
Will be able to
6. She __________ finish the homework last night.
a) could no
b) couldn't
c) not could
Couldnt

7. The singer __________ dance very well.
a) can
b) can no
c) could no
can
8. The teacher __________ see the books right now.
a) can't
b) couldn't
c) could no
cant
9. I __________ vote in the election next year.
a) could
b) wasn't able to
c) will be able to
Will be able to
10. I __________ hear you. Could you please speak louder?
a) can't
b) can
c) Could
Can
Possessive Pronouns
Possessive pronouns refer to something which belongs to
someone or something. They can take the place of both the
pronoun and the noun which is possessed, and theyre
generally found at the end of the clause or sentence.
The possessive pronouns are mine, yours, his, hers, ours and
theirs
The green shirt is mine; the red one is his.
That house is ours.
I didn't have my umbrella so Marta lent me hers.
That food is ours and not theirs.
I know this drink is yours but I need to drink something.


Examples
1. I have a dog. That dog is ______
mime

2. She has a cat. That cat is _______
hers

3. We have a car. That car is _______
ours

4. They have a bike. That bike is _______
theirs

5. He has a key. That key is ________
his
6. You have a hat. That hat is __________
yours