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Calculate Z Scores

The document provides step-by-step instructions for calculating z-scores and corresponding probabilities in Excel. It explains how to calculate the sample mean and standard deviation, and use those values to determine the z-scores of data points. It then describes using the NORMSDIST function to calculate the lower probability of each z-score.

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blueberrymuffinguy
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74 views

Calculate Z Scores

The document provides step-by-step instructions for calculating z-scores and corresponding probabilities in Excel. It explains how to calculate the sample mean and standard deviation, and use those values to determine the z-scores of data points. It then describes using the NORMSDIST function to calculate the lower probability of each z-score.

Uploaded by

blueberrymuffinguy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 9

5:Howtocalculatezscoresandcorrespondingprobabilities

Firstenterthe
datafromp.
119ofBasic
Statisticsfor
Psychologists
intoyourExcel
file:

Tocalculatez
scoresweneed
thesample
meanand
standard
deviation.For
themean,goto
cellG1,clickon
fx,Statistical,
andAverage
(alsoseethe
here[hyperlink
to3).

MarcBrysbaert www.palgrave.com/psychology/brysbaert
BasicStatisticsforPsychologists5:Howtocalculatezscoresandcorrespondingprobabilities
Palgrave,2011 1
ClickonOKand
indicatethatthe
meanmustbe
calculatedover
thecellsA1:A9.

Tocalculatethe
standard
deviationofthe
sample(alsosee
here[hyperlink
to4a),gotocell
G2,clickonfx,
Statistical,
STDEVand
againdefinethe
cellsasA1:A9.

MarcBrysbaert www.palgrave.com/psychology/brysbaert
BasicStatisticsforPsychologists5:Howtocalculatezscoresandcorrespondingprobabilities
Palgrave,2011 2
Nowwehavethe
meanandthe
standarddeviationof
thesample(the
alternativeissimplyto
type=MEAN(A1:A9)in
cellG1and
=STDEV(A1:A9)incell
G2).Wecanusethese
tocalculatethez
values.GotocellB1
andwrite=(A1
$G$1)/$G$2.Recall
thatyoumustusethe
$signsifyouwantthe
celltoremainthe
samewhenyoucopy
cellB1totheother
cellsofcolumnB.

Tocopythe
contentfromcell
B1totheother
cellsofcolumnB,
firstgowithcell
B1andcopythis
withCtrlC(orthe
copyiconinthe
topleftofthetop
panel).Then
activatecellsB2to
B9bygoingover
themwiththe
cursorwhile
keepingtheleft
buttonpressed.
ThenpressCtrlV
(orusethepaste
icon).

Nowthatwehavethezvalues,wemayalsowanttocalculatetheprobabilityoflowervaluesandtheprobabilityof
highervalues(seepp118119inthebook).

MarcBrysbaert www.palgrave.com/psychology/brysbaert
BasicStatisticsforPsychologists5:Howtocalculatezscoresandcorrespondingprobabilities
Palgrave,2011 3
Tocalculatethe
probabilityof
lowervalues,go
tocellC1,click
onfx,
Statistical,and
NORMSDIST.

TheExcel
function
NORMSDIST
givesthelower
probabilityofa
zvalue.Clickon
OKandenterB1
asthecellfor
whichyouwant
tocalculatethe
lower
probability.

MarcBrysbaert www.palgrave.com/psychology/brysbaert
BasicStatisticsforPsychologists5:Howtocalculatezscoresandcorrespondingprobabilities
Palgrave,2011 4
ClickonOKto
getthevaluein
cellC1.Then
copythe
contentsofcell
C1totheother
cellsofcolumn
C.

Noticethatyou
nowhavethe
same
informationas
intheSPSSfile
ofp.119ofthe
book.Youcan
enteranextra
columnwiththe
probabilityof
highervaluesby
definingcellD1
as=1C1.Then
copythiscellto
theothercells
ofcolumnD,to
getthe
following
outcome:

AtthispointyoumaywishtoimprovethelayoutofyourExcelfile.Forinstance,youmaywanttoaddcolumnnames
andtohaveafixedprecisionofyourvalues.

MarcBrysbaert www.palgrave.com/psychology/brysbaert
BasicStatisticsforPsychologists5:Howtocalculatezscoresandcorrespondingprobabilities
Palgrave,2011 5
Toaddcolumn
namestoyour
file,gowith
yourmouseto
rownumberat
theveryleftof
thefirstrow
andclickonthe
leftbuttonto
activateit.

Nowclickon
Insert,and
InsertSheet
Rows:

MarcBrysbaert www.palgrave.com/psychology/brysbaert
BasicStatisticsforPsychologists5:Howtocalculatezscoresandcorrespondingprobabilities
Palgrave,2011 6
Thisprovides
youwithanew
rowinwhich
youcanenter
columnnames:

Entertitlesas
suggested
below.

MarcBrysbaert www.palgrave.com/psychology/brysbaert
BasicStatisticsforPsychologists5:Howtocalculatezscoresandcorrespondingprobabilities
Palgrave,2011 7
Noticethatthe
definitionsof
thecellshave
automatically
beenupdated
toincorporate
thenewrow.
Forinstancethe
definitionofcell
B2nowis=
=(A2
$G$2)/$G$3to
capturethe
factsthatthe
samplemeanis
nowcalculated
incellG2and
thestandard
deviationincell
G3.

Toequalizethe
digitprecision,
activateallcells
withvalues,and
clickonthe
rightmouse
button:

MarcBrysbaert www.palgrave.com/psychology/brysbaert
BasicStatisticsforPsychologists5:Howtocalculatezscoresandcorrespondingprobabilities
Palgrave,2011 8
SelectFormat
Cellsand
Number:

Number
precisionisper
default2.So,if
youclickOKyou
getthe
followingresult.
Ifyouwant
moreorless
digitsprecision,
youhaveto
indicatesoin
thepanel
beforeclicking
OK.

NowyouhaveeverythingtocalculatethezvaluesandthecorrespondingprobabilitiesinExcel!

MarcBrysbaert www.palgrave.com/psychology/brysbaert
BasicStatisticsforPsychologists5:Howtocalculatezscoresandcorrespondingprobabilities
Palgrave,2011 9

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