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Calibration of Vacuum Gauge

The document describes a procedure to calibrate a vacuum gauge using the principle of hydrostatics. Water is filled in a transparent tube connected to the gauge and immersed in a water trough. Readings are taken by raising and lowering the gauge in 50 cm increments up to 300 cm and calculating the theoretical and indicated pressures. The percentage error between the readings is determined and graphs are plotted of pressure versus actual pressure and percentage error versus actual pressure.

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4K views

Calibration of Vacuum Gauge

The document describes a procedure to calibrate a vacuum gauge using the principle of hydrostatics. Water is filled in a transparent tube connected to the gauge and immersed in a water trough. Readings are taken by raising and lowering the gauge in 50 cm increments up to 300 cm and calculating the theoretical and indicated pressures. The percentage error between the readings is determined and graphs are plotted of pressure versus actual pressure and percentage error versus actual pressure.

Uploaded by

api-19753284
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CALIBRATION OF VACUUM GAUGE

AIM: To calibrate a vacuum gauge.

APPARATUS:
Vacuum gauge, transparent tube (minimum length of 3 meter), Water bath /
Water trough.

PRINCIPLE:
The vacuum gauge measures pressures that are below atmospheric
pressure. The calibration is based on the fundamental principle of
hydrostatics, which states that pressure at any point in a static liquid is directly
proportional to the depth of water column below the free water surface.
i.e. P = h ρ g

PROCEDURE:
1. Fill the water trough and mark the level of the free water surface as the
datum for measurement.

2. Connect one end of the tube to the gauge and fill the tube with water
from the other end until the entire tube is filled with water.
3. Avoid the presence of air gaps or air bubbles in the tube.
4. Without letting the water escape, immerse the free end of the tube in
the trough.
5. Lift the gauge 50 cm above the datum and record the reading in mm of
Hg.
6. Take subsequent readings for every 50 cm increase in height up to 300
cm.
7. Similarly, take readings while lowering the vacuum gauge.

8. The above-obtained readings are the indicated pressures. The


theoretical pressures are calculated using P = - h ρ g. (The negative sign
is due to vacuum pressure).
9. Calculate the percentage of error using the formula,
% Error = (Indicated pressure) – (Actual pressure) x 100
Full Scale Deflection

OBSEREVATIONS & RESULTS:

Gauge Reading Gauge error

Sr. Height Actual Increasing Decreasin Increasing Decreasing


No. (m) pressur Pressure g Pressure Pressure Pressure
e (mm of (mm of Hg) % %
(mm of Hg)
Hg

SAMPLE CALCULATIONS:
To convert from height to mm of Hg,
h1 ρ1 = h2 ρ2

h1 ρ1
h2 =
ρ2
GRAPHS:
1. Gauge pressure against actual pressure
2. Percentage error against actual pressure

CONCLUSION:

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