MSC.

Nastran 104 Exercise Workbook 1b-1

Transient Thermal
WORKSHOP 1b
Objectives:
I Open the database created in Workshop 1a.
I Define time dependent funtions using the Field application.
I Create a trasient load case.
1b-2 MSC.Nastran 104 Exercise Workbook
Transient Thermal Analysis
MSC.Nastran 104 Exercise Workbook 1b-3
WORKSHOP 1b
Model Description:
This exercise describes transient thermal analysis, it is an extension
of the steady state modeling exercise given in Workshop 1a. This
workshop contains step-by-step descriptions of the menu picks
involved in the modeling process.
Shown below is a drawing of the model you will be building and
suggested steps for its construction
Figure 1b.1
3 m
Aluminum Plate
k = 204 W/m-
o
C
C
p
= 896 J/kg-
o
C
= 2707 kg/m
3
q = q
flux
(t) W/m
2
T = 50
o
C
T
amb
= 20.0
o
C
h = 10.0 W/m
2
-
o
C
Thickness = 0.1 m
1 m
q = q
vol
(t) W/m
3
0.4 m
T
0
= 50
o
C
1b-4 MSC.Nastran 104 Exercise Workbook
Transient Thermal Analysis
MSC.Nastran 104 Exercise Workbook 1b-5
WORKSHOP 1b
Suggested Exercise Steps:
I Open the database created in Workshop 1a.
I Define time dependent functions using the Field application.
I Create a transient load case. Add two existing load sets (temperature and
convection boundary conditions) to this transient load case.
I Apply time varying heat flux to the right edge of the plate
I Apply a transient volumetric heat generation inside the shaded area of the
plate
I Select solution type as transient analysis.
I Specify the default initial temperature.
I Define time steps.
I Select a transient load case.
I Perform a transient thermal analysis using MSC.NASTRAN within the
MSC.PATRAN system
I Postprocess the transient results (Contour and XY plots).
1b-6 MSC.Nastran 104 Exercise Workbook
Transient Thermal Analysis
MSC.Nastran 104 Exercise Workbook 1b-7
WORKSHOP 1b
Exercise Procedure:
1. Open the database created in workshop 1a.
2. Define Time Dependent Functions.
Before applying time varying loads and boundary conditions, we
need to define time dependent functions using the Field application.
In this model, two time fields are defined, one for applied heat flux
and one for volumetric heat generation.
Fill in the table with the following values using the RETURN or
ENTER key.
File/Open...
Existing Database Name: ex1a
OK
N Fields
Action: Create
Object: Non Spatial
Method: Tabular Input
Field Name: flux_time
Input Data...
Time(t): Value:
1
:
0 1
2
:
10 1.25
3
:
30 1.75
4
:
50 2
5
:
100 2
1b-8 MSC.Nastran 104 Exercise Workbook
Similarly, a time dependent function for volumetric heating is
defined as follows.
3. Create a transient load case.
OK
Apply
N Fields
Action: Create
Object: Non Spatial
Method: Tabular Input
Field Name: qvol_time
Input Data...
Time(t): Value:
1
:
0 10000
2
:
10 12000
3
:
30 13000
4
:
50 14000
5
:
100 14000
OK
Apply
N Load Cases
Action: Create
Load Case Name: transient
Load Case Type: Time
Dependent

Transient Thermal Analysis
MSC.Nastran 104 Exercise Workbook 1b-9
WORKSHOP 1b
Since the temperature and convection boundary conditions are not
changed from Workshop 1a, we can associate these two load sets
with the new load case directly.
Highlight Conve_conv and Temp_tempbc within the Select
Individual Loads/BCs Sets listbox.
At this point, we will impose a transient flux load on the plates right
edge. The magnitude of this flux load is 5000 W/m2 multiplied by
the time dependent function flux_time defined earlier under the
Fields application. Click on the Loads/BCs application.
Assign/Prioritize Loads/BCs
OK
Apply
N Loads/BCs
Action: Create
Object: Applied Heat
Method: Element Uniform
Option: Normal Fluxes
Analysis Type: Thermal
New Set Name: tran_flux
Target Element Type: 2D
Input Data...
Surface Option: Edge
Edge Heat Flux: 5000
Time Function: f:flux_time
OK
Select Application Region...
Select 2D Elements: Surface 1.3
Add
OK
1b-10 MSC.Nastran 104 Exercise Workbook
4. Apply Transient Volumetric Heat Generation Inside the Plate.
The volumetric heating can be applied in a similar way, using the
Loads and Boundary Conditions form as follows.
Next, click on Select Application Region located on the Loads and
Boundary Conditions form. We want to apply an internal heat
generation inside a section of the plate from x=0.0 m to x=0.4 m.
This application region will be selected by graphical cursor using the
FEM geometry filter.
Use the mouse cursor to drag a rectangle covering the elements
located between x=0.0 m and x=0.4 m. Release the mouse cursor.
The first two columns of the elements will turn red indicating the
selection. Also, a list of elements will appear in the Select 2D
Elements databox.
Apply
N Loads/BCs
Action: Create
Object: Applied Heat
Method: Element Uniform
Option: Volumetric
Generation
Analysis Type: Thermal
New Set Name: tran_qvol
Target Element Type: 2D
Input Data...
Time Function: f:qvol_time
OK
Select Application Region...
Geometry Filter: N FEM
Add
OK
Apply
Transient Thermal Analysis
MSC.Nastran 104 Exercise Workbook 1b-11
WORKSHOP 1b
Note: A square yellow marker will appear on the center of the
selected element indicating that a volumetric heating has been
applied on this element.
5. Now we are ready to set the analysis controls for transient thermal
analysis.
For transient thermal analysis, we have to employ a starting
temperature from which the solution evolves. If the initial
temperature distribution is uniform, a default initial temperature is
sufficient to specify the initial state. Otherwise, the Initial
Temperature object in Loads and BCs application must be used to
define initial nodal temperatures explicitly.
N Analysis
Action: Analyze
Object: Entire Model
Method: Analysis Deck
Job Name: ex1b
Solution Type...
N TRANSIENT ANALYSIS
Solution Parameters...
Default Init Temperature: 50.0
OK
OK
Subcase Create...
Available Subcase:
Subcase Parameters...
Initial Time Step: 10
Number of Time Steps: 100
OK
Apply
Cancel
Subcase Select...
transient
1b-12 MSC.Nastran 104 Exercise Workbook
Subcases for Solution Sequence:
Subcases Selected:
OK
Apply
transient
Default
Transient Thermal Analysis
MSC.Nastran 104 Exercise Workbook 1b-13
WORKSHOP 1b
Submitting the Input File for Analysis:
6. Submit the input file to MSC.NASTRAN for analysis.
6a. To submit the MSC.PATRAN .bdf file for analysis, find an
available UNIX shell window. At the command prompt enter:
nastran ex1b.bdf scr=yes. Monitor the run using the UNIX
ps command.
7. When the run is completed, edit the ex1a.f06 file and search for the
word FATAL. If no matches exist, search for the word WARNING.
Determine whether existing WARNING messages indicate
modeling errors.
1b-14 MSC.Nastran 104 Exercise Workbook
8. MSC.Nastran Users have finished this exercise. MSC.Patran
Users should proceed to the next step.
9. Proceed with the Reverse Translation process, that is, attaching the
ex1b.xdb results file into MSC.Patran. To do this, return to the
Analysis form and proceed as follows:
Note: The heartbeat will change to the color blue, indicating that
reading process is underway. When the heartbeat turns green again,
the results are ready for postprocess.
10. We will create a contour plot of temperature distributions at
time=700 sec using the Results Display form.
N Analysis
Action: Attach XDB
Object: Result Entities
Method: Local
Select Results File...
Select Results File ex1b.xdb
OK
Apply
N Results
Action: Create
Object: Quick Plot
Select Results
Cases:
Select Fringe
Result:
Apply
Transient, Time=700
Temperatures
Transient Thermal Analysis
MSC.Nastran 104 Exercise Workbook 1b-15
WORKSHOP 1b
Your model should look like the following figure.
Now we will apply XY plotting to visualize the temperature-time
history of Nodes 49-54.
In the Select Result Case(s) listbox, click an drag mouse to select
the time states from transient, Time=0, to transient, time=1020.
Within the Select Y Result listbox, highlight Temperatures.
Click on the Target Entities icon.
N Results
Action: Create
Object: Graph
Method: Y vs. X
Select Y Result:
Target Entity: Nodes
Temperatures
Target Entities
1b-16 MSC.Nastran 104 Exercise Workbook
At this point, we will modeify the Y scale of the XY plot and display
grid lines in the Y directly by clicking on the XY Plot application.
Select Nodes: Node 49:54
Apply
N XY Plot
Action: Modify
Object: Axis
Select Current XY Window: Results Graph
Active Axis: N Y
Scale...
Scale: N Linear
Assignment Method: N Range
Enter Lower and Upper
Values:
45 70
Number of Primary Tick
Marks:
6
Apply
Cancel
Grid Lines...
Display:
Primary
Apply
Transient Thermal Analysis
MSC.Nastran 104 Exercise Workbook 1b-17
WORKSHOP 1b
Your model should look like the following figure.
11. Close the database and quit MSC.Patran when you have completed
this exercise.
File/Quit...
1b-18 MSC.Nastran 104 Exercise Workbook