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Sample Evidence 3 Topic

This document describes an experiment to study exothermic and endothermic reactions. Sodium hydroxide crystals and ammonium chloride powder were reacted with water while measuring changes in temperature. Sodium hydroxide increased the temperature of water by 31°C, showing an exothermic reaction that releases heat. Ammonium chloride lowered the temperature of water by 14°C, demonstrating an endothermic reaction that absorbs heat from the surroundings. The hypothesis that different chemicals cause varying temperature changes was confirmed.

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Salila Mohd Saim
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25 views

Sample Evidence 3 Topic

This document describes an experiment to study exothermic and endothermic reactions. Sodium hydroxide crystals and ammonium chloride powder were reacted with water while measuring changes in temperature. Sodium hydroxide increased the temperature of water by 31°C, showing an exothermic reaction that releases heat. Ammonium chloride lowered the temperature of water by 14°C, demonstrating an endothermic reaction that absorbs heat from the surroundings. The hypothesis that different chemicals cause varying temperature changes was confirmed.

Uploaded by

Salila Mohd Saim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SAMPLE EVIDENCE 3

Topic : Exothermic and endothermic reactions



Aim To study exothermic and endothermic reactions.

Hypothesis Different types of chemical cause different changes in
temperature in the reaction with water.
Variables
(a) Manipulated Types of chemical
(b) Responding Increase or decrease in temperature
(c) Constant Volume of water / quantity of chemical substances
Material/Apparatus Sodium hydroxide crystals, ammonium chloride powder, distilled
water, test tube, thermometer , spatula

Procedure

















1. 5cm
3
of distilled water is poured into a test tube.
2. The initial temperature of distilled water is recorded.
3. 1 spatula of sodium hydroxide pellet is added into the test
tube.
4. The mixture is stirred until the sodium hydroxide dissolved.
5. Then the final temperature is recorded in the table.
6. The experiment is repeated by using ammonium chloride
powder.




Thermometer
Distilled water
Ammonium chloride
powder
Sodium hydroxide
pellet

C
1
P
1

C
1
P
2

C
1
P
3

Note: All variables must be correct
C
1
P
4

C
1
P
5

Results









Types of
chemicals
Initial
temperature of
substance (
o
C)
Final
temperature
of substance
(
o
C)
Change in
temperature
(
0
C)
Sodium
hydroxide
crystals and
distilled water


29.0


60.0


31.0
Ammonium
chloride
powder with
distilled
water.

29.0

15.0

-14.0


Discussion An exothermic reaction occurs when temperature increases
because heat is released to the surrounding.
An endothermic reaction occurs when temperature decreases
because heat is absorbed from the surrounding.

Hypothesis is accepted.

Conclusion 1. An exothermic reaction is a chemical reaction that
involves an increase in temperature.
2. An endothermic reaction is a chemical reaction that
involves a decrease in temperature.

















C
3
P
1

C
3
P
2

C
3
P
3

C
4
P
1

C
4
P
2

C
4
P
3

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