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Chapter 7

The document summarizes different C programming concepts from Chapter 8, including: 1. Type definition using typedef allows creating new data types like INTEGER and String. 2. Enumerated types use the enum keyword to define enumeration constants like DAYS and MONTHS for easy understanding. 3. Structures use the struct keyword to define a custom data type by grouping together different data types like ID, name, salary etc. Structures can also contain other structures for complex data types. 4. Arrays of structures allow storing multiple structure objects in an array for collections of related data like products with ID, name, price etc.

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ChhornElit
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© © All Rights Reserved
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18 views

Chapter 7

The document summarizes different C programming concepts from Chapter 8, including: 1. Type definition using typedef allows creating new data types like INTEGER and String. 2. Enumerated types use the enum keyword to define enumeration constants like DAYS and MONTHS for easy understanding. 3. Structures use the struct keyword to define a custom data type by grouping together different data types like ID, name, salary etc. Structures can also contain other structures for complex data types. 4. Arrays of structures allow storing multiple structure objects in an array for collections of related data like products with ID, name, price etc.

Uploaded by

ChhornElit
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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C C P Pr ro og gr ra am mm mi i n ng g C Ch ha ap pt t e er r 8 8

I. Type Definition
.. [....[...[.... :....:...[.....
Syntax: typedef datatype identifier ;
Ex1: typedef int INTEGER
Ex2: typedef char *String;
Source Code: #01
#i ncl ude<st di o. h>
#i ncl ude<coni o. h>
voi d mai n( )
{ cl r scr ( ) ;
t ypedef i nt I nt eger ;
t ypedef i nt Ar r ayI nt [ 10] ;
I nt eger n, i ;
Ar r ayI nt a;
pr i nt f ( " i nput n: " ) ;
scanf ( " %d" , &n) ;
f or ( i =0; i <n; i ++)
{ pr i nt f ( " a[ %d] = " , i ) ;
scanf ( " %d" , &a[ i ] ) ;
}
f or ( i =0; i <n; i ++)
pr i nt f ( " a[ %d] = %d\ t " , i , a[ i ] ) ;
get ch( ) ;
}

II. Enumerated Type
enum ..[....:..[....._... keyword ( enum ) ..........
.... .. ._... .....[..... .:....... ( enumeration
constant)
Syntax: enum { enumeration constant } identifier ;
enum tag { enumeration constant } ;
enum tag identifier ;


Prepared by Mr. C Ch he ea a S Sa am mn na an ng g 1/13
C C P Pr ro og gr ra am mm mi i n ng g C Ch ha ap pt t e er r 8 8

Source Code: #02
#i ncl ude<st di o. h>
#i ncl ude<coni o. h>
enumMonNum{J AN, FEB, MAR, APR, MAY, J UN, J UL, AUG, SEP, OCT, NOV, DEC};
enumDayNum{SUN, MON, TUE, WED, THU, FRI , SAT};
char *daynames[ ] ={" SUN" , " MON" , " TUE" , " WED" , " THU" , " FRI " , " SAT" };
char *mont hnames[ ] ={" J AN" , " FEB" , " MAR" , " APR" , " MAY" , " J UN" , " J UL" ,
" AUG" , " SEP" , " NOV" , " DEC" };
i nt endmont h[ ] ={31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31};
voi d mont hshow( i nt mont h_num, i nt year , i nt day1)
{ i nt i , bl anks;
pr i nt f ( " \ n\ n%10s%10d" , mont hnames[ mont h_num] , year ) ;
pr i nt f ( " \ n\ n" ) ;
f or ( i =SUN; i <=SAT; i ++)
pr i nt f ( " %7s" , daynames[ i ] ) ;
bl anks=day1;
pr i nt f ( " \ n\ n" ) ;
f or ( i =0; i <bl anks; i ++)
pr i nt f ( " %7s" , " " ) ;
f or ( i =1; i <=endmont h[ mont h_num] ; i ++)
{ pr i nt f ( " %7d" , i ) ;
i f ( ( i +bl anks) %7==0)
pr i nt f ( " \ n\ n" ) ;
}
}
voi d mai n( )
{ i nt year , f i r st day , i , mont h;
cl r scr ( ) ;
pr i nt f ( " \ n I nput t he year : " ) ;
scanf ( " %d" , &year ) ;
i f ( year %4==0) endmont h[ 1] =29;
pr i nt f ( " Ent er t he mont h: " ) ;
scanf ( " %d" , &mont h) ;
i f ( mont h<J AN+1| | mont h>DEC+1)
pr i nt f ( " \ n number i nval i d r ang" ) ;
pr i nt f ( " Whi ch day does 1st of t he mont h?" ) ;
scanf ( " %d" , &f i r st day) ;
i f ( f i r st day<1| | f i r st day>7)
pr i nt f ( " \ n number not i n val i d r ang" ) ;
mont hshow( mont h- 1, year , f i r st day- 1) ;
get ch( ) ;
}
Prepared by Mr. C Ch he ea a S Sa am mn na an ng g 2/13
C C P Pr ro og gr ra am mm mi i n ng g C Ch ha ap pt t e er r 8 8

III. Structure
1. Definition
structure ...[... :...._......[......,.. ..
... ..... structure ........... :....:
..[.[........:.

2. Declaration
..,[.... structure ..[..[ keyword ( struct )

Syntax1: struct tag { datatype fieldname1;
datatype fieldname2;
datatype fieldname3;
};
struct tag identifier;

Syntax2: struct { datatype fieldname1;
datatype fieldname2;
datatype fieldname3;
} identifier;

Ex1: struct EMP { int id;
char name[20];
char sex;
int age;
int salary;
};
struct EMP employee;
Ex2: struct { int id;
char name[20];
char sex;
char class[5];
int score;
} Student;


Prepared by Mr. C Ch he ea a S Sa am mn na an ng g 3/13
C C P Pr ro og gr ra am mm mi i n ng g C Ch ha ap pt t e er r 8 8

3. Using structure
..,... structure ...: ..,...[.[...
... ... structure .... . fields ..... ........
.[[ structure ...[[ field :...... ..,...:...
.. field : struct ..[. struct_variable.field_name
Ex: struct { int id;
char name[20];
int hours_work;
int salary;
} employee;
employee.id=1;
strcpy(employee.name,Dara);
employee.hours_work=40;
employee.salary=230;
Source Code:#03
#i ncl ude<st di o. h>
#i ncl ude<coni o. h>
voi d mai n( )
{ cl r scr ( ) ;
st r uct { i nt i d;
char name[ 20] ;
i nt hour s_wor k;
i nt sal ar y;
} empl oyee;
pr i nt f ( " Ent er your i d: " ) ;
scanf ( " %d" , &empl oyee. i d) ;
f f l ush( st di n) ;
pr i nt f ( " Ent er your name: " ) ;
get s( empl oyee. name) ;
pr i nt f ( " Ent er your hour s_wor k: " ) ;
scanf ( " %d" , &empl oyee. hour s_wor k) ;
pr i nt f ( " Ent er your sal ar y: " ) ;
scanf ( " %d" , &empl oyee. sal ar y) ;
pr i nt f ( " %15s%15s" , " I d" , " Name" ) ;
pr i nt f ( " %15s%15s\ n" , " Hour s" , " Sal ar y" ) ;
pr i nt f ( " %15d%15s" , empl oyee. i d, empl oyee. name) ;
pr i nt f ( " %15d%15d" , empl oyee. hour s_wor k, empl oyee. sal ar y) ;
get ch( ) ;
}
Prepared by Mr. C Ch he ea a S Sa am mn na an ng g 4/13
C C P Pr ro og gr ra am mm mi i n ng g C Ch ha ap pt t e er r 8 8

4. Pointer to structure
.. structure ......,...j.:. .....[ pointer ..,. address
.... pointer ..:.
Ex: struct { int id;
char name[20];
int hours_work;
int salary;
} employee,*emp;
Source Code:#04
#i ncl ude<st di o. h>
#i ncl ude<coni o. h>
voi d mai n( )
{ cl r scr ( ) ;
st r uct { i nt i d;

char name[ 20] ;
i nt hour s_wor k;
i nt sal ar y;
} empl oyee, *emp;
pr i nt f ( " Ent er your i d: " ) ;
scanf ( " %d" , &empl oyee. i d) ;
f f l ush( st di n) ;
pr i nt f ( " Ent er your name: " ) ;
get s( empl oyee. name) ;
pr i nt f ( " Ent er your hour s_wor k: " ) ;
scanf ( " %d" , &empl oyee. hour s_wor k) ;
pr i nt f ( " Ent er your sal ar y: " ) ;
scanf ( " %d" , &empl oyee. sal ar y) ;
emp=&empl oyee;
pr i nt f ( " %15s%15s" , " I d" , " Name" ) ;
pr i nt f ( " %15s%15s\ n" , " Hour s" , " Sal ar y" ) ;
pr i nt f ( " %15d%15s" , emp- >i d, emp- >name) ;
pr i nt f ( " %15d%15d" , ( *emp) . hour s_wor k, ( *emp) . sal ar y) ;
get ch( ) ;
}
5. Complex structure
Complex structure .. structure :.. field . structure .
Ex: struct DOB { int day;
int month;
Prepared by Mr. C Ch he ea a S Sa am mn na an ng g 5/13
C C P Pr ro og gr ra am mm mi i n ng g C Ch ha ap pt t e er r 8 8

int year;
};
struct { int id;
char name[20];
char sex;
sturct DOB Dob;
char address[20];
} Person;
Source Code:#05
#i ncl ude<st di o. h>
#i ncl ude<coni o. h>
voi d mai n( )
{ cl r scr ( ) ;
st r uct DOB{ i nt day;
i nt mont h;
i nt year ;
};
st r uct { i nt i d;
char name[ 20] ;
char sex;
st r uct DOB Dob;

char addr ess[ 20] ;
} Per son;
pr i nt f ( " I d: " ) ; scanf ( " %d" , &Per son. i d) ;
pr i nt f ( " Name: " ) ; f f l ush( st di n) ; get s( Per son. name) ;
pr i nt f ( " Sex: " ) ; scanf ( " %c" , &Per son. sex) ;
pr i nt f ( " Dat e of bi r t h\ n" ) ;
pr i nt f ( " Day: " ) ; scanf ( " %d" , &Per son. Dob. day) ;
pr i nt f ( " Mont h: " ) ; scanf ( " %d" , &Per son. Dob. mont h) ;
pr i nt f ( " Year : " ) ; scanf ( " %d" , &Per son. Dob. year ) ;
pr i nt f ( " Addr ess: " ) ; f f l ush( st di n) ;
get s( Per son. addr ess) ;
pr i nt f ( " %d\ t %s\ t %c\ t , Per son. i d, Per son. name, Per son. sex) ;
pr i nt f ( %d/ , Per son. Dob. day) ;
pr i nt f ( %d/ , Per son. Dob. mont h) ;
pr i nt f ( %d\ t , Per son. Dob. year ) ;
pr i nt f ( %s\ n, Per son. addr ess) ;
get ch( ) ;
}

Prepared by Mr. C Ch he ea a S Sa am mn na an ng g 6/13
C C P Pr ro og gr ra am mm mi i n ng g C Ch ha ap pt t e er r 8 8

6. Array of structure
.. structure ......,...j.:. ....[.... array ..,,.
.......[.
Ex: struct { int id;
char product[10];
int unit;
int price;
int amount;
} Product[10];
Source Code:#06
#i ncl ude<st di o. h>
#i ncl ude<coni o. h>
voi d mai n( )
{ cl r scr ( ) ;
st r uct { i nt i d;
char pr oduct [ 10] ;
i nt uni t ;
i nt pr i ce;
i nt amount ;
} Pr oduct [ 10] ;
i nt i , n;
pr i nt f ( " i nput number of pr oduct : " ) ;
scanf ( " %d" , &n) ;
f or ( i =0; i <n; i ++)
{ pr i nt f ( " I d[ %d] = " , i ) ;
scanf ( " %d" , &Pr oduct [ i ] . i d) ;
pr i nt f ( " Pr oduct [ %d] = " , i ) ;
f f l ush( st di n) ;
get s( Pr oduct [ i ] . pr oduct ) ;
pr i nt f ( " Uni t [ %d] = " , i ) ;
scanf ( " %d" , &Pr oduct [ i ] . uni t ) ;
pr i nt f ( " Pr i ce[ %d] = " , i ) ;
scanf ( " %d" , &Pr oduct [ i ] . pr i ce) ;
Pr oduct [ i ] . amount =Pr oduct [ i ] . uni t *Pr oduct [ i ] . pr i ce;
}
pr i nt f ( " I D\ t PRODUCTS\ t UNI T\ t PRI CE\ t AMOUNT\ n" ) ;
f or ( i =0; i <n; i ++)
{ pr i nt f ( " %d\ t " , Pr oduct [ i ] . i d) ;
pr i nt f ( " %s\ t \ t " , Pr oduct [ i ] . pr oduct ) ;
pr i nt f ( " %d\ t " , Pr oduct [ i ] . uni t ) ;
pr i nt f ( " %d\ t " , Pr oduct [ i ] . pr i ce) ;
pr i nt f ( " %d\ n" , Pr oduct [ i ] . amount ) ;
}
get ch( ) ;
}
Prepared by Mr. C Ch he ea a S Sa am mn na an ng g 7/13
C C P Pr ro og gr ra am mm mi i n ng g C Ch ha ap pt t e er r 8 8

7. Structure and function
...... structure .....[...:. .... parameter
..
Source Code:#07
#i ncl ude<st di o. h>
#i ncl ude<coni o. h>
t ypedef st r uct { i nt i d;
char pr oduct [ 10] ;
i nt uni t ;
i nt pr i ce;
i nt amount ;
} PRO;
voi d i nput Pr oduct ( PRO[ ] , i nt ) ;
voi d out put Pr oduct ( PRO[ ] , i nt ) ;
voi d mai n( )
{ cl r scr ( ) ;
PRO Pr oduct [ 10] ;
i nt n;
pr i nt f ( " i nput number of pr oduct : " ) ;
scanf ( " %d" , &n) ;
i nput Pr oduct ( Pr oduct , n) ;
out put Pr oduct ( Pr oduct , n) ;
get ch( ) ;
}

voi d i nput Pr oduct ( PRO Pr oduct [ ] , i nt n)
{ i nt i ;
f or ( i =0; i <n; i ++)
{ pr i nt f ( " I d[ %d] = " , i ) ;
scanf ( " %d" , &Pr oduct [ i ] . i d) ;
pr i nt f ( " Pr oduct [ %d] = " , i ) ;
f f l ush( st di n) ;

get s( Pr oduct [ i ] . pr oduct ) ;
pr i nt f ( " Uni t [ %d] = " , i ) ;
scanf ( " %d" , &Pr oduct [ i ] . uni t ) ;
pr i nt f ( " Pr i ce[ %d] = " , i ) ;
scanf ( " %d" , &Pr oduct [ i ] . pr i ce) ;
Pr oduct [ i ] . amount =Pr oduct [ i ] . uni t *Pr oduct [ i ] . pr i ce;
}
}

Prepared by Mr. C Ch he ea a S Sa am mn na an ng g 8/13
C C P Pr ro og gr ra am mm mi i n ng g C Ch ha ap pt t e er r 8 8

voi d out put Pr oduct ( PRO Pr oduct [ ] , i nt n)
{ i nt i ;
pr i nt f ( " I D\ t PRODUCTS\ t UNI T\ t PRI CE\ t AMOUNT\ n" ) ;
f or ( i =0; i <n; i ++)
{ pr i nt f ( " %d\ t " , Pr oduct [ i ] . i d) ;
pr i nt f ( " %s\ t \ t " , Pr oduct [ i ] . pr oduct ) ;
pr i nt f ( " %d\ t " , Pr oduct [ i ] . uni t ) ;
pr i nt f ( " %d\ t " , Pr oduct [ i ] . pr i ce) ;
pr i nt f ( " %d\ n" , Pr oduct [ i ] . amount ) ;
}
}

IV. Union
1. Definition
union ...[... :....._......[.... ... structure :.
:......,.... memory
2. Declaration
..,[.... union ..[..[ keyword ( union )
Syntax1: union tag { datatype fieldname1;
datatype fieldname2;
datatype fieldname3;
};
union tag identifier;

Syntax2: union { datatype fieldname1;
datatype fieldname2;
datatype fieldname3;
} identifier;

Source Code:#08
#i ncl ude<st di o. h>
#i ncl ude<coni o. h>
voi d mai n( )
{ uni on a { i nt i ;
char ch[ 2] ;
};
uni on a key;
Prepared by Mr. C Ch he ea a S Sa am mn na an ng g 9/13
C C P Pr ro og gr ra am mm mi i n ng g C Ch ha ap pt t e er r 8 8

key. i =512;
pr i nt f ( " i = %d\ n" , key. i ) ;
pr i nt f ( " ch[ 0] = %d\ n" , key. ch[ 0] ) ;
pr i nt f ( " ch[ 1] = %d\ n" , key. ch[ 1] ) ;
get ch( ) ;
}



.......... union [. 2 bytes:.. location 2 bytes ....:.
fields ( key.a, key.ch[0], key.ch[1] ) .....:...... fields ( key.a =512 ,
key.ch[0] =0, key.ch[1] =2 ..:..:.....[..... :....:.
[...... key.a =512 ( 512 =0000001000000000 )




..:.. structure . union

struct { int ch; union { int ch;
char c[2]; char c[2];
} test; } test;




....:....[ struct test [.. memory 4 bytes ..
....:....[ union test [. memory ....: field .:..
......


key.a
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0

low byte
key.ch[0]
high byte
key.ch[1]
1005 1006


test.ch

test.c[0] test.c[1]
1005 1006 1007 1008
test.ch text.c[0] test.c[1]
i =512
ch[0]=0
ch[1]=2
Prepared by Mr. C Ch he ea a S Sa am mn na an ng g 10/13
C C P Pr ro og gr ra am mm mi i n ng g C Ch ha ap pt t e er r 8 8

3. Declaration
.. union :.. field . structure structure .. union ........
[ structure .. union union .. structure ....

Source Code:#09
#i ncl ude<st di o. h>
#i ncl ude<coni o. h>
voi d mai n( )
{ cl r scr ( ) ;
st r uct st 1 { i nt a;
char c[ 2] ;
};
st r uct st 2 { i nt b;
char d[ 2] ;
};
uni on Test { st r uct st 1 dat a;
st r uct st 2 key;
};
uni on Test t est ;
t est . dat a. a=350;
t est . key. d[ 0] =0;
t est . key. d[ 1] =56;
pr i nt f ( " \ nt est . dat a. a=%d" , t est . dat a. a) ;
pr i nt f ( " \ nt est . key. b=%d" , t est . key. b) ;
pr i nt f ( " \ nt est . dat a. c[ 0] =%d" , t est . dat a. c[ 0] ) ;
pr i nt f ( " \ nt est . key. d[ 0] =%d" , t est . key. d[ 0] ) ;
pr i nt f ( " \ nt est . dat a. c[ 1] =%d" , t est . dat a. c[ 1] ) ;
pr i nt f ( " \ nt est . key. d[ 1] =%d" , t est . key. d[ 1] ) ;
get ch( ) ;
}














test.data.a =350
test.key.b=350
test.data.c[0]=0
test.key.d[0]=0
test.data.c[1]=56
test.key.d[1]=56
Prepared by Mr. C Ch he ea a S Sa am mn na an ng g 11/13
C C P Pr ro og gr ra am mm mi i n ng g C Ch ha ap pt t e er r 8 8

4. Union in structure
........ ...... union ..........:.
.. memory : union .....:....... memory .......[

Source Code:#09
#i ncl ude<st di o. h>
#i ncl ude<coni o. h>
voi d mai n( )
{ t ypedef st r uct { i nt scor e;
char gr ad;
} STUDENT;
t ypedef st r uct { i nt r at e;
i nt hour ;
i nt sal ar y;
} EMPLOYEE;
st r uct { i nt i d;
char name[ 20] ;
char sex;
char t ype;
uni on { STUDENT st u;
EMPLOYEE emp;
};
} Per son[ 10] ;
i nt i , n ;
pr i nt f ( " \ n I nput Number of Per son: " ) ;
scanf ( " %d" , &n) ;
f or ( i =0; i <n; i ++)
{ cl r scr ( ) ;
pr i nt f ( " I d= " ) ;
scanf ( " %d" , &Per son[ i ] . i d) ;
pr i nt f ( " Name= " ) ;
f f l ush( st di n) ;
get s( Per son[ i ] . name) ;
pr i nt f ( " Sex= " ) ;
f f l ush( st di n) ;
scanf ( " %c" , &Per son[ i ] . sex) ;
pr i nt f ( " Type= " ) ;
f f l ush( st di n) ;
Prepared by Mr. C Ch he ea a S Sa am mn na an ng g 12/13
C C P Pr ro og gr ra am mm mi i n ng g C Ch ha ap pt t e er r 8 8
scanf ( " %c" , &Per son[ i ] . t ype) ;
swi t ch( Per son[ i ] . t ype)
{ case ' S' : pr i nt f ( " Scor e= " ) ;
scanf ( " %d" , &Per son[ i ] . st u. scor e) ;
i f ( Per son[ i ] . st u. scor e>=50)
Per son[ i ] . st u. gr ad=' P' ;
el se Per son[ i ] . st u. gr ad=' F' ;
br eak;
case ' E' : pr i nt f ( " Rat e= " ) ;
scanf ( " %d" , &Per son[ i ] . emp. r at e) ;
pr i nt f ( " Hour = " ) ;
scanf ( " %d" , &Per son[ i ] . emp. hour ) ;
Per son[ i ] . emp. sal ar y=Per son[ i ] .
emp. r at e*Per son[ i ] . emp. hour ;
br eak;
}
}
cl sr cr ( ) ;
f or ( i =0; i <n; i ++)
{ pr i nt f ( " %d\ t " , Per son[ i ] . i d) ;
pr i nt f ( " %s\ t " , Per son[ i ] . name) ;
pr i nt f ( " %c\ t " , Per son[ i ] . sex) ;
swi t ch( Per son[ i ] . t ype)
{ case ' S' : pr i nt f ( " %d\ t " , Per son[ i ] . st u. scor e) ;
pr i nt f ( " %c\ n" , Per son[ i ] . st u. gr ad) ;
br eak;
case ' E' : pr i nt f ( " %d\ t " , Per son[ i ] . emp. r at e) ;
pr i nt f ( " %d\ t " , Per son[ i ] . emp. hour ) ;
pr i nt f ( " %d\ n" , Per son[ i ] . emp. sal ar y) ;
br eak;
}
}
get ch( ) ;
}

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


VoW
Prepared by Mr. C Ch he ea a S Sa am mn na an ng g 13/13

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