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Ýë °mýs Çüóç Ç Ëë ) L & Ð) L$ Yýlë, Hìêï Ç Ççù™Œæ

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
42 views

Ýë °mýs Çüóç Ç Ëë ) L & Ð) L$ Yýlë, Hìêï Ç Ççù™Œæ

Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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com

MS ]l & ]l$yl, h
]l$yl

{V>]l$ ^$MS, h l$MS$ ]l$l E]l MS ^$ $.


AZ f]l$ ^$ A El {lZ S{l $ A As$.
B{l{lZ 1983Z l$VS$l {$l AM>ZMS ]l_a]l l>l As ]lQ]l${ GtB
{V>]l$ ^$>g > {MS]l$Z l]l* ]lZ M P$ l^a$.
1959Z ^l]l B{l{l ^$ $, h ]l$ W_ B{l{l ]l$yl {g
, h {g , h {MS A]l $S ]l$yl *Mt 1986]l$ {lst$.

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]l$yl >

]l$yl MSl P]l $ MS*yl Er$.


]l$yl {lMS *fMS ]l>Y ]l$_ GOMS]l $$(Gs$).
]l$yl {l Z >]l$$
]l$yl {lZ Kr$V> ]ll*Ol]l >{t ]l ]l$yl $$.
GOMS]l {l$^l M&Bt A]l A RMS ]lY $$, AVS {V>]l$ ^$ ^l$$,
>l Bl$$.
{lMS *fMS]l>Y ]l$_ $]l$ G]l$M]lyMS { *fMS]lY 3000 ]l$_ 4000
f MS*yl Er$.
{lMS ]l$yl Z {f^ll GOMS]l $$ ]l*{ll$ ]l$yl {g ElS lMS
A$$.
]l$yl Z M ]l$ G, Gt, , ]l$MS$ s lZ {lMS^$.
h MSMSt, ]l]l$ ]l*PsV $ AlS$yl$ ]l$yl Z >l Bl$$. Al
MS Kr$MS$P Eyll$.

]l$yl AM>>$ & l$$

1994 ^$>g ^lrt {M> ]l$yl MS$ AlMS AM>>$s.


]l$yl Z ]l^l {f$ l]l$ i]l]l {]l*]l$ l$$VS$$aM]lyMS ]l$yl
$M>V> Er$. MS AM>>]l$ C $.
1. ]l*g]l
2. ]l]l*]l
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3. $ & ^l MS
4. BVS, $l
5. l

]l*g]l

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]l*]l]l A]lMS lyl l lM>$, M>{MS]l*]l$ A]l$$aylZ M> * $,


^lel $ $MS$r$.
]l]l*]l: ]l$yl {]lV> {V>]l* A$]l M Hyl$l$.
{V>$ {f {]l ]l A]l ]l]l$VS A]lMS ]l$yl GlV> $
yl$l$. M MS ^l$ ^lyl$l$.
1. lVS l$O]l l
2. G$]l#$, {MS$ MS ]l$l$ >
3. Al$l]l ]l]l$ ll$ VS$_ {^ ^l$yl
4. {V>$ Ayl]l# MS
5. Vrt# ]l# >
6. ]l]l$ A]l>MS$ l$^leMS
7. ]l]l$ $ A^lyl
8. * S
9. MS$t G$]l# l*
$, ^l MS
MSg $]l# A]lMS lS MS{]l$ H>r$ ^l$yl
$]l#Z Ar$ l$]l$ *^lyl
l$O]l ${V> ElMS ylylr
$]l# M>MS _ Bl$MS ll$ {^
BVS, $l
{l$MS BVS MS{ H>r$
Sl VS$s l$* MS]l
Ar$l$ *]l
VS ]lr ylM> {l^lyl
sM> VS$_ {^ ^l$yl
l
]l*hMS l
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]l*f]l l
MS]lMS

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]l$yl A]l AM> (Gyl)


D AM> Z JMSOl# ]l$yl MS$ ]l$Ol# >{t {$MS ll ]l$.
>{t {$MS, h ${V>MS N~ ll ]l$.

AM>>$

]l$yl AlS$yl {_, ]l$yl ]l*l> l]l$, Ggy]l$ $MS$


l$g$.
]l$yl , ]l$yl ]l*l>Z Y l$ ]l]l>O $$ AylW]l {MS$
]l*$ C$. Al >O Kr$ l AM> l$.
]l$yl O, B$O, ]lO Ol$]l ${l Er$.
]l$yl Z ^l A]l M>{MS]l* A]l$$ $]l$ $.
]l$yl Bl*^l >$, $MS$l ~*]l$ A]l$$^l$yMS lW]l ^l$ ^lyl$.
]l$yl yljs]l$ *_ $ ]lMS$, Bl*MS ]l$yl ]l*lZ
yl$.

]l$yl B*$

>{t {$l {l$$V> >{t {$l _]l M {lMS lM> A]l$$MS$ M yljs ]l$_
]l^la l$$
*]lO {V>]l$ ^$$ ^l $O ]l*$
>{t {$l ]l$_ ]l^la M $MS l$$
$$]l >, f]l* > ^l ]l]l$$
t#yl*sO ^j$
*$$, >{t {$l ]l$$, kZ ]l^la s
E*VS $$]l$ (f ^j$)
]l$yl ]l*$
]l$yl AM>$MS$, Cl MS C^la il$.
]l*l]l ^$ >g ^lrt _]l H Cl Ol A]l$$ ^l$yMS A$ ]l$

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B{l{l ^$>g ]l]lZ h h Z Al$]llOl$]l ]l]l. C h


${V> $.
{$l Ol> $]l $W]l 22 hZ h $ E.
{ hMS$ ^lrtlOl$]l Z Er$.

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h >

{ h Z B$ AV>$ Es. A
1. h
2. h O^l
3. h ]l$
4. ]lQ M>M>
5. *$
6. h MSMSt
1. h : h ]lMS$ A]l]l$$ > *MS]lZ h {]lQ {l $.
{ h Z ]lyl$ M> $$s$.
1. GOMS ]l $$ 2. l $$
3. M&Bty $$
GOMS]l $$ hZ l {lMS *fMS]l>Y ]l$_ ~l ]l]lZ {lSV> GMS]l#$.
GMSMS$ ]ll$ >{t GMS $ {lMS *fMS]l>Y ~$.
KsV > G]l$MS$s$.
ll GOMS]l $Z 34 >l l]l$MSyl]l ]l>Y MS, 1/3]l ]ll$ yl$ MS$$, lVSMS$
_]l MS, ll$l 1/3]l ]ll$ ]l$MS$ ({V>]l$ ^$Z 50 >l) MSs$.
h Z MSl P]l$ l $$V> Es$.
1. h >]l$$
2. ZM $$
3. >{t {$l _]l >f $$
4. { h Z Cl$ M&Bty $$ s$. h $$ G]l$MS$s$.

h ]l*l>MS$ >l Bl$$


1. h MSMSt
2. h MS{l M> M AlS$yl$

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3. h M&Bs ]l*PsV Os AlS$$


4. h {VS$ O^l
5. hZ ]l$yl AlS$$
>l Bl$MS$ h ]l*l>Z Yll$MS$ ]l*{ll$ A]lM> E. >O
Kr$MS$P l$.

h O^l

h MS$ GOMS]l h {lMS $$ l]l$Z JMS O^lV> G]l$MS$s$.


D$]l ]l*l>]l$ H>r$ ^l$.
MS ^$>g $]l$ lS_ hMS$ JMS lMS]l$ ]l$$.
h O^l]l$ A> >]l > W^l]l^l$a.
DRDA h {V>$ A]l
JMS ht . Z AM>, A] M> $$s$.
D {$l M>st {M>V> h MSMSt$ ]l]l$. >[t {$l
D$]l]l$ $$$.
MSMSt ]lQ M> AM>V> Es$.
$ h {MS]l$ l*$ ^l$.
h EVS$O N Ol$]l Bl Er$.
h , tylV MS$s $Ml ~*]l$ {l$$.
>{t {$l {lst lM>]l$ $V> A]l$$$$.

h AM>>$, l$$

]l$yl MS$ ^l]l MS yljs]l$ Bl*$.


MS{l, >{t {$$ g ^l]l l$]l$ ]l$yl MS$ l$g$.
l A]l lM> A]l$$Z ]l$yl , {V>]l$ ^$ ]l$l ]l$]l* $.
{V>]l$ ^$$, ]l$yl ]l$l BMS ]l]l$ $Z MS{l, >{t {$MS$
$ C$.
MS MS$ _]l VSMS ]l*^> MS_ {^l$$.
MS{l, >{t {$$ A^l BMS l$]l$ ]l$yl ]l$l ^l$.
yl$z, l$*$ MS^lyl, ]ll]l >, {fMS$, $]l#MS$ BVS MS{
H>r$.
u> >, ]l l, {>$MS u> , Sl ]l$_s >.
h B*$
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>{t {$l ]l$yl ]l^la >yl$$, $ l$$, $$ A$ ]l$Z VS.


>{t {$l A]l lM> A]l$$MS$, MS$V>]l$ {lMSV> ]l$$ ^l >yl$$.
MS{l {$l A]l lM> A]l$$MS$, MS$ g ^l]l $MSS l$$.
s > ]l^la B$.
_]l, MS$s, {V>$ {]l$ A]lMS, A
l $ A^l BMS l$$.
f ^j$.

h {g ]l*$

h {g l$$ l]l$ B$Z AMS V> il ^l# M


*W.
]l*l]l ^$>g ^lrt MS H Ol >{t {$l l$MS$ ^ll$MS$ A$
]l* h $.

^lrtZ Z$

lV> ^$>g Z {V>]l$$ E A {MS]l$V> ^l$yl l$.


MS{l, >{t {$$, {V>]l$ >fMS* { {V>]l$$ l]l$ l$]l$ ^l
MSl$.
^$>g Z A lV> W D MS$ MSs_]l l$$ l$*VS
A]l#l$.
^$>g lMS >fMS$ A Ol$]l M>]l$ ^l]l^l$a.
D MS$ {l ]l^l {l$MS$ lV> S lVSl$]l$ ^lylZ {$l
${VS NV> ]l$]l#.

MS >yl$]l$ ^lyMS M *^l]l$

M>s $$]l ]ls l ]l$ ]l*$MS$ AMS $$^.


{]l$MS$ A]l]l$$ ]l]l$ l ]lyl > A]l$MSO M>s $$ ^lyl.
{`MS llZ {$l W]l A M> {MSr]lO ]l$$ ^lyl.
_aMS $$, ^l ^l$]l# A]l, ]l*Ps *$z > llO]l sO {]l* { ]l$
g ^lryl$ Ml $$]l]l$ ^lyl.
{]l$O M>$ ]l$ ^lyl.
{g Z VSVSyl, ]l$l$ > ]l]lO f]l* ^lyl.
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*VS f]l$ s ]l]l$$V> E*W^l$MS$l {]l$O s ]l$ ^lyl.


{V>$ { MS$ BrO ]l$ ^lyl.

>{t BMS $

73]l >gVS ]l ^lrt, >gVSZ 243 AMS {M> >{t VS]l >{t BMS *
$$^ Er$.
>{t BMS $ M>$ ]lyl$
C { IlM ^$>g BMS _ VS]lMS$ lMS C Er$.

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A-MS- 24-3-&B: ]l---s ]l]l

1. {M> { >{t-Z ]l--s ]l]l MS lV> Ey.


G. {V>$ ]l$_ rt {lV> -]l-]l ^ll$-l$]l {lZ ]lVS ^-$ H>r$
^l*.
. _]l rt {Z ]l- M]l$ H>r$ ^l*.
. V> --_]l rt {-MS$ ]l- M>--]l$ Ey. A-l, M -{>-$MS ]lVS->
-$Z ]l---s H>-r$ --MS$y $]l* VS]l- s--MS- g ^l$-]l^l$a.
2. D A-MS---MS -_ -]l-]l {l, _]l rt {l, V> --_]l rt MS{l Al
s VS]l- VS$_, ]lY-MS-_ sO ^l$. B {MS]l$Z MS f, f]l--{ll, MS --]lMS$ A]l---Ol$]l l]l* ]l^la-l$MS$ A]l-M>->$, ]l]l--$-l V>Z E A]l-M>->$, BMS {]ll, Cl A>-]l$ VS]l- -VS--]l-ZMS $-M-.

A-MS- 24-3-&R ]l---s >

1. M>g (2-)-Z -l-]l-MS$ Zyl ]l- -MS$ {--l$ GMS {lS G-MS > f$VS$-l$. Cl$M ]l---s-]l$ _]l _]l -V>-$V> -h-$. B -V>-]l$ $z$
As$. B* $z-Z {f$ l]l$ {--l$-]l$ G]l$-MS$-s$.

2. Al l-Z MS A>-MS$ --_ >{t >-]l--$ >--]l$ ^l$-]l^l$a.


G) ]l---sZ MS ]lMS$-MS$ {-l MS-^lyl.
I.

]l---s --]l, --Z A]l$]l VS-$.


II. -l ]l- H-*MS$ {-l ]l^l >-]l--$$, -l$s $$.
III.

>f-, >-]l-]l$-yl $$ ($ -l ]l---sZ Kr-$V> ]ll*Ol Ey).


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A-MS- 24-3&S: $z MS$-s H>r$


1. ]lyl$ S$ Al-MS GMS$P]l f MS-W]l ]l---sZ JMSs Al-MS GMS$P]l $z]l$ MS $z MS$-s-]l$ H>r$ ^l*.

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2. $z MS$-s-MS$ -_ >-]l- MS A>-O >]l ^l$-]l-^l$a.


G. $z MS$-s H>r$, s {l-MS .
. $z MS$-sZ -]l$ ^l ]l.

3. JMS $z MS$s --Z $z {- (-$-yl$) B $z MS$-sZ $-yl$V> Ey.

4. G. JMS $zMS MS$s H-yl-]l-#yl$ B $z {-l B MS$-sMS Al-S$-ylV> $$^.

. yl$ Al-MS GMS$P]l $z-]l$ MS $z- MS-$-s H>r$ ^l-]l-#yl$, B $z {-l$$ l]l$Z JMS- $z MS$s Al-S$-ylV> G]l$-MS$-s$.

5. $z MS$-s- r$ Cl MS$-s-]l$ H>r$ ^l >-]l- ^lst ^ ^l$a.

A-MS- 24-3-&T: r f--

1. ]l-- H-*-Z ll f-Z f ]l* {M> yl*z MS$$, lVSMS$ r f- Ey. $z f---Z s- l A]l$$ ^l*.
2. M>g (1) MSl f A]l Z MS 1/3 ]ll$ yl*z MS$$ lVS-MS$ ^l]l ]l$-- MS$
l---V> MSs--^.

3. ll Z MS 1/-3]l ]ll$ ]l$--MS$ (-yl*z MS$$, lVS ]l$--MS$ MSs--_]l r]l$


MS$-#-M-) MSs--^. B f-- MS*y s- l-O f-V>.

4. ]l---s AlS l-]l#Z M-s yl*z MS$$, lVS$, ]l$--MS$ MS-s--^l lV> >-]l ^lst ^l*.

5. ]l-- G-MS-Z, ]l- AlS -Z M -]l$ l]l$-MS--yl]l l-VS-l$MS$ f ^l* >]l- >]l ^l^l$a.

A-MS- 24-3&U: ]l---s M>---$


1. {-l]l$ ]l*-l f-W]l l ]l$_ Il -r$ ]l--s M]l--VS$-l$. D Z#-V>l ]l--s
l$ Al D M>k ]l-^ll$. A-l ]l---s l$ ^l* MS--_-]l-#yl$ ]ll$V>
l$ ]l--s A-l->-]l$ -VS--]l-ZMS $M.
2. {-$l A]l$Z E]l HOl >]l ]l--_- A-sMS M]l--VS$-l$]l ]l---s$ B ]l-
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3.
G.
.

> l$ M>]l#.
]l*-l]l ]l---sMS G-MS$ D MS lV> Ey.
M>g 91- Z El_]l ]l]l NM>MS-]ll GMS {{MS$ N.
l$- A]l ]l---sMS$ B$-]l*- Z# G-MS$ f-V>. JMSl ]l$ GMSMS$ B$ ]l*
MS lMS$P]l ]l]l Es GS A]l l$.
l ]l*l]lV> H-yl]l ]l--s As ]l$_ Il$ M]l--VSl$. ]ll$V> _]l {M>
GMSMS$ Gl VSyl$]l# Er$ As ]lMS A ^l$.

4.

A-MS- 24-3-&W: ]l---s A-M>->$, MS$P$, l-l$

>-gV>MS Zyl ]l---s A-M>->$, MS$P]l$ >-* >{t {$-$ {lMS >--]l$
*^. B {MS]l$Z D MS A>-MS$ -_ M -l$-]l$ -^l-]l^l$a A...
G. B-M>--]l, ]l*-hMS *-MS --_]l l-M>-]l$ *--^lyl.
. 12]l yl* > ]l---s-MS$ {MS-$_]l A>- ]l---s-MS$ A-W-_]l B-M>-]l, ]l*-hMS *-MS --_]l l-M>-]l$ A]l$$ ^l$yl.

A-MS- 24-3-

Z&E

: l${sZ---r {-M> $

10 S MSs GMS$P]l f E]l l${sZr {Z s H>r$^l*. D {M> *MS


_]l >, l$]l$ >[t >]l JMS ^lrt > ~$. ]lVS l$$ D MS$sMS
O^lV>, ]l MS$]l l$ {MSrV> ]l]l$. ]l ]lZ A]l$]l E]l ]l$VS$$
$]l$ >[t {$l $$$. ll $Z 2/3 ]ll$ ]l$ {V>]l$ ^$ AlS$yl$,
]lt, M> {l$$ G]l$MS$s$.

A-MS- 24-3-&Z&D: h {-M> $

1. { h-Z]l* h- {-M> $ JMSs Ey. ^-$-$, ]l---s l-M>-]l$


{Myl-MS-_ ll h ]l$-{V>-]lMS A]l---Ol$]l A-]l lMS ]l--]l$ h {-M>
$ *--$.
2. h {-M> *-MS$ -_ D VS$]l A>-O >-]l- > ^l$-]l-^l$a.
G. h {-M> $ >.
. h {-M> $-Z -]l$ ^l ]l. Al ll $Z 4/-5]l ]ll$ $$
h ^-$ $$, ]l---s $O Ey. h ^-$ $$, ]l---s
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$$ G]l$-MS$-s$. A G]l$-M-]l Z ]l---s-$, h ^---MS$ ^l-]l$ Gl-]l$ Ey--l B hZ {V>$ {l f, A H-*-Z f -O


B--yl Er$.
. h {-M> $ ll$, l$$.
yl. h {M> $ AlS$]l$ GMS ^l ]l.
VS]l$MS: A]l lMS ]l--]l$ *--^l-ylZ h {-M> $ D MS A>-]l$ ltZ
E^l$-M-.
G. 1. ^-$--MS$, ]l---s-MS$ E]l$-ylV> --$-MS- A>$ (s MS, -$ V,
Cl oMS, f ]l]l-$- ), >-]l- --S, ]lMS l$--* A-]l.
2. Al$--r$Z E]l BMS, Cl ]l]l-$$.
. VS-]l-- *_-_]l $, BY-Ol-g--- ^la-^lyl.
4. h {-M> $ *-_]l l-M> $ Al-S$yl$ >{t VS]l--MS$ .

l >{tZ MS ]l$ l$ l$ $$.


>{t

MS $

B{l{l

{V>]l$ ^$

VS$f>

]lVS ^$

l$yl$

so ^$

M>M> $

>{t

]l$yl ^$ $

]l$l{l

f]l ^$

l$yl$

^$ $

A$^l {l B^l MS$s


B{l{l

]l$yl

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f (2011)

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ll ll f
: 121,056,95,73 (2011 f MSP {M>)
#$$$
: 62,31,21,843
{$
: 58,74,47,730
2001&2011 ]l$l W]l f
: 181.96 $$]l$
{^l fZ ll f >l :17.5%
ll f]l{ll
: 382
ll f $VS$l r$
: 17.7% (2001&2011)
g$ AS>l
: 73%
#$$ AS>l
: 80.89%
{ AS>l
: 64.64%
AS>l GMS$P]lV> VS >{t
: MS (93.91%)
AS>l lMS$P]lV> VS >{t
: (61.8%)
AlMS f VS >{t
: El{l (19,95,81,477)
Al f VS >{t
: MSP (6,07,688)
AlMS f VS MS{ll {l: l (1,67,53, 235)
Al f VS MS{ll {l : S]l#$ (64,429)
AlMS f]l{ll VS >{t
: (1106)
Al f]l{ll VS >{t
: A$^l {l (17)
AlMS f]l {ll VS MS{ll {l: ]l*l (11,297)
Al f]l {ll VS MS{ll {l:
Ayl]l*, M ]l#$ (46)
VS & #$$$ :{$
: 1000 : 940
AlMS {, #$ VS >{t : MS (1000 ]l$ #$$$:1084 ]l$ {$)
Al {, #$ VS >{t : > (1000 ]l$ #$$$:877 ]l$ {$)
f $VS$l r$ GMS$P]lV> VS >{t :V>y
f $VS$l r$ lMS$P]lV> VS >{t :MS
B{l{l f
: 8,45,80,77 Mr$
B{l{l f $VS$l r$
: 11.10%
B{l{l f]l{ll
: 308
B{l{l VS
: 1000: 992
B{l{l AS>l
: 67.02%
AS>l
: 59.15%
#$$ AS>l
: 74.88%
]lVSMS Z B{l{l ]l : I
]lVS f AlMSV> VS >{t : ]l$>{t
llZ {V>$ f
: 83.36 Mr$
llZ rt f
: 37.71 Mr$
2011 f MSP {M>
lZ AMS f E]l h
: l (]l$>)
f V> {^lZ ll : y
>{t Z AMS f E]l h
: V>ylz
Al f E]l h
: f$]lVS
l]l MS$l Bl #l AlS$yl$ :{]l]l${
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