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Lesson 6 Momentum1

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268 views

Lesson 6 Momentum1

Uploaded by

api-266134524
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Todays lesson

Momentum
YouTube -
Spectacular
100mph Train
Crash Test
Momentum
What makes an object hard to stop?

Is it harder to stop a bullet, or a truck
travelling along the highway?

Are they both as difficult to stop as
each other?
Momentum
The bullet is hard to stop because it
is traveling very fast, whereas the
truck is hard to stop because it has a
very large mass.
Momentum
It makes sense to assume that a bullet
traveling twice as fast would be twice
as hard to stop, and a truck twice the
mass would also be twice as hard to
stop.

Momentum
Momentum is a useful quantity to
consider when thinking about
"unstoppability". It is also useful
when considering collisions and
explosions. It is defined as

Momentum (kg.m.s
-1
) = Mass (kg) x Velocity (m.s
-1
)

p = mv
An easy example
A lorry has a mass of 10 000 kg and a
velocity of 3 m.s-1. What is its
momentum?

Momentum = Mass x velocity
= 10 000 x 3
= 30 000 kg.m.s
-1
.
Conservation of momentum
In a collision between two objects,
momentum is conserved (total
momentum stays the same). i.e.

Total momentum before the collision = Total momentum after
Momentum is not energy!
Law of conservation of momentum
The law of conservation of
linear momentum says that

in an isolated system, momentum
remains constant.

We can use this to calculate what happens after a collision (and
in fact during an explosion).
A harder example!
A car of mass 1000 kg travelling at
5 m.s
-1
hits a stationary truck of
mass 2000 kg. After the collision
they stick together. What is their
joint velocity after the collision?
A harder example!

5 m.s
-1
1000kg
2000kg
Before
After
V m.s
-1
Combined mass = 3000 kg
Momentum before = 1000x5 + 2000x0 = 5000 kg.m.s
-1
Momentum after = 3000v
A harder example
The law of conservation of momentum tells
us that momentum before equals
momentum after, so

Momentum before = momentum after
5000 = 3000v
V = 5000/3000 = 1.67 m.s
-1


Momentum is a vector
Momentum is a vector, so if
velocities are in opposite directions
we must take this into account in
our calculations
An even harder example!
Snoopy (mass 10kg) running
at 4.5 m.s
-1
jumps onto a
skateboard of mass 4 kg
travelling in the opposite
direction at 7 m.s
-1
. What is
the velocity of Snoopy and
skateboard after Snoopy has
jumped on?
I love
physics
An even harder example!

10kg
4kg -4.5 m.s
-1
7 m.s
-1
Because they are in opposite directions, we
make one velocity negative
14kg
v m.s
-1
Momentum before = 10 x -4.5 + 4 x 7 = -45 + 28 = -17
Momentum after = 14v
An even harder example!
Momentum before = Momentum after
-17 = 14v
V = -17/14 = -1.21 m.s
-1
The negative sign tells us that the
velocity is from left to right (we choose
this as our negative direction)
Thats it!
Now lets try some questions!

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