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1 - Introduction 1

This document provides an overview of biogas production from human waste. It discusses the advantages of biogas and the principle of anaerobic digestion. It describes the four main stages of anaerobic digestion: hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis and methanogenesis. Key factors that affect the digestion process are identified as temperature, pH, hydraulic retention time, loading rate, feeding, mixing, and nutrients. The document outlines different types of anaerobic digesters including passive, low rate, and high rate systems. Design considerations for combustion chambers and pumps used in biogas systems are also covered. The objectives of the document are to study biogas production from human waste and the design of associated plant components.

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22 views

1 - Introduction 1

This document provides an overview of biogas production from human waste. It discusses the advantages of biogas and the principle of anaerobic digestion. It describes the four main stages of anaerobic digestion: hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis and methanogenesis. Key factors that affect the digestion process are identified as temperature, pH, hydraulic retention time, loading rate, feeding, mixing, and nutrients. The document outlines different types of anaerobic digesters including passive, low rate, and high rate systems. Design considerations for combustion chambers and pumps used in biogas systems are also covered. The objectives of the document are to study biogas production from human waste and the design of associated plant components.

Uploaded by

OdaiNawafleh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER
1 . INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background.... 1
1.2 advantages of biogas.. 2
1.3 principle of digestion.. 3
1.4 digester 4
1.5 biogas refrigeration . 4
1.5.1 Cooling processes driven by heat..... 5
1.5.2 Modification of commercial refrigerators . 6
1.5.3 Biogas requirements at household level 6
1.5.4 Polygeneration schemes .. 6
1.5.5 Potential contribution to sustainable development . 7
1.5.5.1 Global sustainable energy supply ... 7
1.5.5.2 Climate change mitigation . 7
1.5.5.3 Millennium development goals .. 8
1.5.6 Environmental Issues .. 8
1.5.7 Social Issues 8
1.5.8 Development status and prospects. 9
1.5.9 Economic Issues. 9

1.6 research and scientific studies on biogas...10


1.7 objectives ..16

2.

Human waste and biogas production.......................................17


2.1 Human wastewater...17
2.2 Biogas Composition..18
2.3 Biogas Conditioning .19
2.4 Anaerobic digestion..20
2.4.1 The process..21
2.4.2 Stages.22
2.4.3 Chemical reactions in the digester.25
2.5 Digestion Conditions....26
2.5.1 Temperature...26
2.5.2 PH27
2.5.3 Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT)..28
2.5.4 Loading Rate.28
2.5.5

Digester Feeding..28

2.5.6 Mixing...29
2.5.7 Nutrients...30
2.5.8 Other Factors May Concern..30

3. DIGESTERS AND PLANT DESIGN..31


3.1 Types of Anaerobic Digesters.31
3.1.1 Passive Systems32
3.1.2 Low Rate Systems33
3.1.3 High Rate Systems...35

3.2 DESIGN OF COMBUSTION CHAMPER......39


3.2.1 The general layout..39
3.2.2 The( AF ) and Required Flow Rate of Air43
3.3 pump design ...45
3.3.1 Pump Type.45
3.3.2 Feed Pumps....46
3.3.3 Choppers and Grinders...46
REFERENCES...47

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