0% found this document useful (0 votes)
194 views

Chemical Poperties of Alcohol: Sifat Kimia Alkohol (Etanol)

This document summarizes the chemical properties of ethanol and ethanoic acid. It describes how ethanol is prepared through the fermentation of glucose by yeast. Ethanol can then be purified through fractional distillation. The document outlines several chemical reactions of ethanol including combustion, oxidation to produce ethanoic acid, and dehydration to produce an alkene. It also discusses the preparation and chemical properties of ethanoic acid, including how it forms salts with metals and reacts with alcohols to form esters.

Uploaded by

ameermx
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
194 views

Chemical Poperties of Alcohol: Sifat Kimia Alkohol (Etanol)

This document summarizes the chemical properties of ethanol and ethanoic acid. It describes how ethanol is prepared through the fermentation of glucose by yeast. Ethanol can then be purified through fractional distillation. The document outlines several chemical reactions of ethanol including combustion, oxidation to produce ethanoic acid, and dehydration to produce an alkene. It also discusses the preparation and chemical properties of ethanoic acid, including how it forms salts with metals and reacts with alcohols to form esters.

Uploaded by

ameermx
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 10

Sifat Kimia Alkohol (Etanol)

Chemical Poperties of alcohol


Penyediaan Etanol
- Dalam makmal penapaian glukosa
Preparation of ethanol.
- Laboratory preparation (fermentation of glucose)
Penyediaan Etanol
2 Peringkat: 1. Penapaian 2. Penulenan

Preparation of Ethanol Fermentation
Two stages: 1. Fermentation 2. Purification
- through fractional distillation at 78
o
C
( boiling point of ETHANOL)
Penapaian Glukosa
Yis ditambahkan kepada gula atau kanji
Berlaku proses anaerobik dgn kehadiran oksigen
Yis membebaskan enzim, memecahkankan molekul
gula/kanji kepada glukos, C
6
H
12
O
6
Enzim zimase menguraikan glikosa kepada etanol dan
karbon dioksida

Fermentation of Glucose
1. Yeast is added to sugar or starch.
2. Anaerobic process ( takes place in the absence of oxygen).
3.Yeast releases enzymes. These enzymes break down the
sugars/starch into glucose, C
6
H
12
O
6
.
4. Zymase slowly decomposes the glucose to form ethanol and
carbon dioxide.
Zymase
C
6
H
12
O
6
(aq) 2C
2
H
5
OH + 2CO
2

30
o
C





XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
Thermometer
Fractioning
collum
Liebig
condenser
Water in
Water out
Product from
fermentation
Porcelain
chips
Retort stand with
clamp
Distillate
(Ethanol)
Bunsen
burner
Rounded
conical
Water
Wire
gauge
Sifat Kimia
Pembakaran
Sangat mudah terbakar , tanpa jelaga, membebaskan
banyak haba, pembakaran bersih

Chemical Properties
Combustion
very flammable sustances, non-smoky and blue flame, releases
lot of heat. Suitable for use as fuel, described as clean fuel.

C
2
H
5
OH + 3O
2
2CO
2
+ 3H
2
O
Ethanol Oxygen Carbon Water
dioxide



Pengoksidaan
Etanol boleh dioksidakan menjadi asid karboksilik yang
sepadan dengan menggunakan agen pengoksidaan

Oxidation
i. Ethanol can be oxidised into ethanoic acid by an oxidising agent.
[Ethanoic acid is a family of carboxilic acids]

C
2
H
5
OH + 2[O] CH
3
COOH + H
2
O
Ethanol Ethanoic acid

Dehydration
- H
2
O

ALCOHOL ALKENE
1. Converted ethanol into ethene and a molecule of water.
2. The elimination of water results the formation of a carbon-carbon
double bond.
Dehidrasi

- Alkohol menjadi alkena yang sepadan apabila air disingkirkan
- Penyigkiran air akan menyebabkan pembentukan ikatan
gandadua
Sifat Kimia Asid Karboksilik
Penyediaan Asid karboksilik

Disediakan melalui pengoksidaan alkohol membentuk asid
karboksilik yang sepadan
Can be prepared through oxidation of an alcohol to produce
carboxylic acid

Persamaan:

C
2
H
5
OH + 2[O] CH
3
COOH + H
2
O
Etanol asid etanoik

H H

H C C OH

H H
H O

H C C OH

H
+ 2[O]
+ H
2
O
K
2
Cr
2
O
7
solutions
+


dilute H
2
SO
4

reflux
Lain-lain sifat kimia asid kaboksilik adalah sama seperti sifat
kimia asid yang lain

Terion separa di dalam air

Bertindak balas dengan logam reaktif (Zn, Mg, Al)
menghasilkan garam dan gas hidrogen





Bertindak balas dengan alkali menghasilkan garam dan air
2CH
3
COOH + Mg Mg(CH
3
COO)
2
+ H
2

Ethanoic acid Magnesium ethanoate




CH
3
COOH + NaOH CH
3
COONa + H
2
O
Ethanoic acid Sodium ethanoate
Bertindak balas dengan logam karbonat menghasilkan garam,
gas karbon dioksida dan air
2CH
3
COOH + Na
2
CO
3
2CH
3
COONa + CO
2
+ H
2
O
Ethanoic acid Sodium ethanoate
2CH
3
COOH + CaCO
3
Ca(CH
3
COO)
2
+ CO
2
+ H
2
O
Ethanoic acid Calcium ethanoate
Bertindak balas dengan alkohol menghasilkan ester dan air
Sifat Kimia Ester
Pengesteran Esterification

Asid karboksilik bertindak balas dengan alkohol
menghasilkan ester dan air
- Carboxilic acid reacts with alcohol to produce ester and
water.

You might also like