Work, Power and Energy Worksheet

Work and Power

1. Calculate the work done by a 47 N force pushing a pencil 0.26 m.
2. Calculate the work done by a 47 N force pushing a 0.02 kg pencil 0.2 m against a force of 2! N.
!. Calculate the work done by a 2.4 N force pushing a 400. g sandwich across a table 0.7 m wide.
4. "ow far can a mother push a 20.0 kg baby carriage# using a force of 62.0 N at an angle of !0.0$ to the hori%ontal#
if she can do 2&20 ' of work(
. "ow much work is it to lift a 20. kg sack of potatoes )ertically 6. m(
6. *f a small motor does 20. ' of work to mo)e a toy car 260. m# what force does it e+ert(
7. , girl pushes her little brother on his sled with a force of !00. N for 70. m. "ow much work is this if the force of
friction acting on the sled is -a. 200. N# -b. !00. N(
/. , 7.0 kg man pushes on a .0 + 10

ton wall for 20 s but it does not mo)e. "ow much work does he do on the
wall( -2000 lb 0 1 ton1 0.44 kg 0 1 lb.
&. , boy on a bicycle drags a wagon full of newspapers at 0./00 m2s for !0.0 min using a force of 40.0 N. "ow
much work has the boy done(
10. *f it takes 2 N to slide the bo+ up the ramp# how much work will it take to slide the bo+ up(
11. *nstead of sliding# how much work will it take to lift the bo+ to the top of the ramp(
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12. "ow much power does it take to lift !0.0 N 10.0 m high in .00 s(
1!. "ow much power does it take to lift !0.0 kg 10.0 m high in .00 s(
14. 3ou mo)e a 2 N ob4ect .0 meters. "ow much work did you do(
1. 3ou carry a 20. N bag of dog food up a 6.0 m flight of stairs. "ow much work was done(
16. 3ou push down on a !.0 N bo+ for 10. minutes. "ow much work was done(
17. 3ou use ! ' of energy to mo)e a 7.0 N ob4ect. "ow far did you mo)e it(
1/. 3ou do 4 ' of work in !.0 seconds. "ow much power do you use(
1&. , car uses 2#00 'oules in 2 seconds. 5ind power.
20. , 60. watt light bulb runs for .0 seconds. "ow much energy does it use(
21. "ow much work can a 22 k6 car engine do in 60. s if it is 1007 efficient(
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20. m
5.0 m
Consider a 10 kg mass sitting on the ramp
shown to the right. Use the following
diagram for questions 10 and 11.
22. , force of .0 N mo)es a 6.0 kg ob4ect along a rough floor at a constant speed of 2. m2s.
-a. "ow much work is done in 2 s(
-b. 6hat power is being used(
-c. 6hat force of friction is acting on the ob4ect(
2!. "ow much electrical energy -in kilowatt;hours. would a 60.0 6 light bulb use in 60.0 days if left on steadily(
24. , power mower does &.00 + 10

' of work in 0.00 h. 6hat power does it de)elop(

2. "ow long would it take a 00. 6 electric motor to do 1.0 + 10

' of work(
Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy
1. 6hat is the gra)itational potential energy of a 61.2 kg person standing on the roof of a 10;story building relati)e
to -a. the tenth floor# -b. the si+th floor# -c. the first floor( -8ach story is 2.0 m high..
2. , 1.00 + 10
4
kg airplane lands# descending a )ertical distance of 10.0 km while tra)elling 100. km measured along
the ground. 6hat is the plane<s loss of potential energy(
!. Calculate the kinetic energy of a 4 g golf ball tra)elling at= -a. 20. m2s# -b. 40. m2s# -c. 60. m2s.
4. "ow fast must a 1000. kg car be mo)ing to ha)e a kinetic energy of=
-a. 2.0 + 10
!
'# -b. 2.0 + 10

'# -c. 1.0 k6h(

. , coconut falls out of a tree 12.0 m abo)e the ground and hits a bystander !.00 m tall on the top of the head. *t
bounces back up 1.0 m before falling to the ground. *f the mass of the coconut is 2.00 kg# calculate the potential
energy of the coconut relati)e to the ground at each of the following sites=
-a. while it is still in the tree# -b. when it hits the bystander on the head#
-c. when it bounces up to its ma+imum height# -d. when it lands on the ground#
-e. when it rolls into a groundhog hole# and falls 2.0 m to the bottom of the hole.
6. , 0.0 kg bicyclist on a 10.0 kg bicycle speeds up from .00 m2s to 10.0 m2s.
-a. 6hat was the total kinetic energy before accelerating(
-b. 6hat was the total kinetic energy after accelerating(
-c. "ow much work was done to increase the kinetic energy of the bicyclist(
-d. *s it more work to speed up from 0 to .00 m2s than from .00 to 10.0 m2s(
7. "ow high would you ha)e to lift a 1000. kg car to gi)e it a potential energy of=
-a. 2.0 + 10
!
'# -b. 2.00 + 10

'# -c. 1.00 k6h(

/. Calculate the potential energy of a .00 kg ob4ect sitting on a !.00 meter high ledge.
&. , 10.0 kg rock is at the top of a 20.0 m. tall hill. "ow much potential energy does it ha)e(
10. , 2 N ob4ect is !.0 meters up. "ow much potential energy does it ha)e(
11. "ow high up is a !.00 kg ob4ect that has !00. ' of energy(
12. , 4.00 kg rock is rolling 10.0 m2s. 5ind its kinetic energy.
1!. ,n /.0 kg cat is running 4.0 m2s. "ow much kinetic energy does it ha)e(
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14. ,t the moment when a shotputter releases a .00 kg shot# the shot is !.00 m abo)e the ground and tra)elling at
1.0 m2s. *t reaches a ma+imum height of 14. m abo)e the ground and then falls to the ground. *f air resistance is
negligible#
-a. 6hat was the potential energy of the shot as it left the hand relati)e to the ground(
-b. 6hat was the kinetic energy of the shot as it left the hand(
-c. 6hat was the total energy of the shot as it left the hand(
-d. 6hat was the total energy of the shot as it reached its ma+imum height(
-e. 6hat was the potential energy of the shot at its ma+imum height(
-f. 6hat was the kinetic energy of the shot at its ma+imum height(
-g. 6hat was the kinetic energy of the shot 4ust as it struck the ground(
1. , rolling ball has 1/ ' of kinetic energy and is rolling !.0 m2s. 5ind its mass.
16. , 4.0 kg bird has /.0 ' of kinetic energy. "ow fast is it flying(
17. , rubber band is stretched from its resting position a distance of 0.10 m. *f the spring constant is 2. N2m# what
is the force e+erted on the rubber band(
1/. , 12 > car battery is found to be capable of storing 2.00 k6h of electrical energy. 5or a certain electric car# it is
necessary to de)elop 1.00 + 10
4
6 of power to dri)e at .6 m2s.
-a. ?uppose that the car has 10 such batteries which results in 10 times the energy. "ow long -in hours. could it
run if all 10 of them released all of their energy(
-b. "ow far -in kilometers. can the car go on its 10 batteries if they are fully charged(
1&. *f a spring is stretched a distance of 0.2 m with a force of 20. N# what is the )alue of the spring constant(
20. *f the spring constant of a pogo stick is !00. N2m and the weight of the person on the pogo stick is 700. N# how
much is the spring in the bottom of the pogo stick compressed(
21. , 20.0 kg cart on wheels has been pushed up against a wall with a spring -k 0 244 N2m. between the wall and the
cart. @he spring is compressed a distance of 0.100 m.
-a. 6hat is the force of the spring on the cart(
-b. *f an applied force of 20.0 N is applied toward the wall# what will the acceleration of the cart be(
22. , bo+ ha)ing a mass of 1.0 kg is accelerated across a table at 1.0 m2s
2
. @he coefficient of friction on the bo+ is
0.!00.
-a. 6hat is the force being applied to the bo+( -Ase= 5app ;fs 0 ma.
-b. *f this force were applied by a spring# what would the spring constant ha)e to be in order for the spring to be
stretched to only 0.0/00 m while pulling the bo+(
2!. , spring -k 0 2.! N2m. is attached to an ob4ect of mass 0 10. kg. *f the ob4ect is hung from the ceiling by this
spring# how much would the spring be stretched(
24. *f s 0 0.0# how much force must be applied to a spring -spring constant of 0./0 N2m. which is attached to a
block of wood -mass 0 4.0 kg. in order to 4ust begin to mo)e the block( -Ase= 5app ;fs 0 ma.
2. , !.0 kg metal ball# at rest# is hit by a 1.0 kg metal ball mo)ing at 4.0 m2s. @he !.0 kg ball mo)es forward at
2.0 m2s and the 1.0 kg ball bounces back at 2.0 m2s.
-a. 6hat is the total kinetic energy before the collision(
-b. 6hat is the total kinetic energy after the collision(
-c. "ow much energy is transferred from the small ball to the large ball(
26. 6hen a 0.0 kg person hangs from a 20.0 m bungee cord it stretches to a length of !2.0 m.
-a. 5ind the spring constant of the bungee cord# assuming it obeys "ooke<s law.
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26. -b. "ow much work is reBuired to stretch the cord by this much(
27. , spring with a force constant of .20 N2m has a rela+ed length of 2.4 m. 6hen a mass is attached to the end of
the spring and allowed to come to rest# the )ertical length of the spring is !.7 m. Calculate the elastic potential
energy stored in the spring.
2/. @he staples inside a stapler are kept in place by a spring with a rela+ed length of 0.11 m. *f the spring constant
is 1.0 N2m# how much elastic potential energy is store in the spring when its length is 0.10 m(
2&. , 6.0 kg metal ball mo)ing at 4.0 m2s hits a 6.0 kg ball of putty at rest and sticks to it. @he two go on at 2.0 m2s.
-a. 6hat is the kinetic energy of the metal ball before it hits(
-b. 6hat is the kinetic energy of the metal ball after it hits(
-c. 6hat is the kinetic energy of the putty ball after being hit(
-d. "ow much energy does the metal ball lose in the collision(
-e. "ow much kinetic energy does the putty ball gain in the collision(
-f. 6hat happened to the rest of the energy(
Conseration of Energy
1. , 10. kg ball is thrown into the air. *t is going !.0 m2s when thrown. "ow much potential energy will it ha)e at the
top(
2. , 476/;kg roller coaster train full of riders approaches the loading dock at a speed of 17.1 m2s. *t is abruptly
decelerated to a speed of 2.20 m2s o)er a distance of 1!.6 m. Cetermine the magnitude of the retarding force which
acts upon the roller coaster cars.
!. , 4.00 kg ball is on a .00 m ledge. *f it is pushed off the ledge# how much kinetic energy will it ha)e 4ust before
hitting the ground(
4. , 2 kg ball is thrown into the air. 6hen thrown it is going 10. m2s. Calculate how high it tra)els.
. , !.0 kg rock sits on a 0./0 meter ledge. *f it is pushed off# how fast will it be going at the bottom(
6. , catcher<s mitt recoils a distance of 12.& cm in bringing a 142;gram baseball to a stop. *f the applied force is
// N# then what was the speed of the baseball at the moment of contact with the mitt(
7. ,n unknown force is applied to a 12 kg mass. @he force acts at an angle of !0.0 degrees abo)e the hori%ontal.
Cetermine the force acting if the force acts for a hori%ontal displacement of 22 meters and increases the 12 kg mass<s
speed from 11 m2s to 26 m2s.
/. , physics teacher e+erts a force upon a !.2&;kg pile of snow to both lift it and set it into motion. @he snow lea)es
the sho)el with a speed of 2.&4 m2s at a height of 0.62 m. Cetermine the work done upon the pile of snow.
&. , 20.;gram cart starts from rest and rolls down an inclined plane from a height of 0.41 m. Cetermine its speed
at a height of 0.127 m abo)e the bottom of the incline.
10. , 4!7;kg roller coaster car starts from rest at the top of a !6.;m high track. Cetermine the speed of the car at
the top of a loop that is 10./ m high.
11. 6hile on the moon# the ,pollo astronauts en4oyed the effects of a small gra)ity. *f Neil ,rmstrong 4umped up on
the moon with an initial speed of 1.1 m2s to a height of 0.700 m# what amount of gra)itational acceleration did he
e+perience(
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12. *n a wild shot# Do flings a pool ball of mass m off a 0.6/ m high pool table# and the ball hits the floor with a
speed of 6.0 m2s. "ow fast was the ball mo)ing when it left the table(
1!. , 00.0 kg pig is standing at the top of a muddy hill on a rainy day. @he hill is 100.0 m long with a )ertical drop
of !0.0 m. @he pig slips and begins to slide down the hill. 6hat is the pigEs speed at the bottom of the hill(
14. , 0.0 kg gorilla is sitting on the limb of a tree 4.00 meters abo)e the ground. @he gorilla 4umps down from the
tree limb to the ground. Ase the conser)ation of energy to find the )elocity of the gorilla 4ust before hitting the
ground.
1. , 2.00 kg ball is dropped from the top of a 10.0 m high building. Calculate the potential ,NC kinetic energies
at= -a. 10.0 m -b. /.00 m -c. .00 m -d. 0.00 m.
16. , 10.0 g pebble is placed in a sling shot with a spring constant of 200.0 N2m and is stretched back 0.00 m.
6hat is the ma+imum )elocity the pebble will acBuire(
17. , 0.0!40 kg bullet tra)eling at 120. m2s embeds itself in a 1.24 kg wooden block which is at rest on a smooth
surface. @he block then slides toward a spring and collides with it. @he block compresses the spring -k 0 &&.0 N2m..
Calculate how far the block;bullet compresses the spring.
Work and Power
1. 12 ' 2. 6.0 ' !. 1./ ' 4. 4.4 m . 1!00'
6. 2.00 N 7a. 7.0 + 10
4
' 7b. 0 /. 0 &. 7600 '
10. .0 + 10
2
' 11. 4&0 ' 12. 60.0 6 1!. // 6 14. 1!0 '
1. 120 ' 16. 0 17. .0 m 1/. 1 6 1&. 100. 6
20. !.0 + 10
2
' 21. 1.! + 10
6
' 22a. !10 ' 22b. 12 6 22c. .0 N
2!. /6.4 k6h 24. 00. 6 2. !00. s
Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy
1a. 1.0 + 10
!
' 1b. 7.0 + 10
!
' 1c. 1.0 + 10
4
' 2. &./0 + 10
/
' !a. &.0 '
!b. !6 ' !c. /1 ' 4a. 2.0 m2s 4b. 20. m2s 4c. / m2s
a. 2! ' b. /./ ' c. //.2 ' d. 0 e. : 4& '
6a. 70 ' 6b. !.00 + 10
!
' 6c. 220 ' 6d. no 7a. 0.20 m
7b. 20.4 m 7c. !67 m /. 147 ' &. 1&60 ' 10. 7 '
11. 10.2 m 12. 200. ' 1!. 64 ' 14a. 147 ' 14b. 6! '
14c. 710. ' 14d. 710. ' 14e. 710. ' 14f. 0 14g. 710. '
1. 4.0 kg 16. 2.0 m2s 17. : 0.2 N 1/a. 2.0 h 1/b. 40.0 km
1&. /0. N2m 20. : 0.200 m 21a. 24.4 N 21b. 0.220 m2s
2
22a. 6.66 N
22b. /!.! N2m 2!. 4! m 24. 20. N 2a. /.0 ' 2b. /.0 '
2c. 6.0 ' 26a. 40./ N2m 26b. 2&40 ' 27. !.26 ' 2/. 0.0!12 '
2&a. 4/ ' 2&b. 12 ' 2&c. 12 ' 2&d. : !6 ' 2&e. 12 '
2&f. friction and deformation of ob4ects
Conseration of Energy
1. 4 ' 2. : 000 N !. 1&6 ' 4. .1 m . 4.0 m2s
6. !2.7 m2s 7. 1/0 N /. !2.! ' &. 2./ m2s 10. 22.4 m2s
11. : 1.6! m2s
2
12. 4./ m2s 1!. 24.2 m2s 14. /./ m2s
1a. 98 0 1&6 '# F8 0 0 ' 1b. 98 0 17 '# F8 0 !& ' 1c. 98 0 &/.0 '# F8 0 &/.0 '
1d. 98 0 0 '# F8 0 1&6 ' 16. 70.7 m2s 17. 0.!6! m
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