Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.

1
The Language Of
Medicine
10
th
edition
Davi-Ellen Chabner
Chapter 6
Additional Suffixes and
Digestive System
Terminology
Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
2
Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
3
Chapter Goals
Define new suffixes and use them with
digestive system combining forms.
List and explain laboratory tests, clinical
procedures, and abbreviations common to the
digestive system.
Apply your new knowledge to understanding
medical terms in their proper context, such as
medical reports and records.
Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
4
Chapter 6
Lesson 6.1
Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
5
Suffixes
-ectasis, -ectasia __________
-emesis __________
-pepsia __________
-phagia __________
-plasty __________
-ptysis __________
Suffix Meaning
Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
6
Suffixes
-ectasis, -ectasia dilation, widening
-emesis vomiting
-pepsia digestion
-phagia eating, swallowing
-plasty surgical repair
-ptysis spitting
Suffix Meaning
Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
7
Suffixes (contd)
-rrhage, -rrhagia __________
-rrhaphy __________
-rrhea __________
-spasm __________
-stasis __________
-stenosis __________
-tresia __________


Suffix Meaning
Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
8
Suffixes (contd)
-rrhage, -rrhagia bursting forth (of blood)
-rrhaphy suture
-rrhea flow, discharge
-spasm involuntary contraction
of muscles
-stasis stopping; controlling
-stenosis narrowing, tightening
-tresia opening


Suffix Meaning
Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
9
Suffixes (contd)
Suffixes that are also used alone as separate
terms:

Emesis (emetic)
Spasm
Stasis
Stenosis

Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
10
QUICK QUIZ:
1. Which term means difficulty in swallowing?
A. Dysphasia
B. Dysphagia
C. Dysplasia
D. Polyphagia


Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
11
QUICK QUIZ: (contd)
2. Which term means to control or stop
bleeding?
A. Hemostasis
B. Hematoma
C. Hemoptysis
D. Cholestasis

Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
12



Combining Forms
and Terminology
bucc/o __________
cec/o __________
celi/o __________
cheil/o __________
chol/e __________
cholangi/o __________
cholecyst/o __________
choledoch/o __________
Combining Form Meaning
Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
13



Combining Forms
and Terminology
bucc/o cheek
cec/o cecum
celi/o abdomen
cheil/o lip
chol/e gall, bile
cholangi/o bile duct (vessel)
cholecyst/o gallbladder
choledoch/o common bile duct
Combining Form Meaning
Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
14

Combining Forms and
Terminology (contd)

col/o __________
colon/o __________
dent/i __________
duoden/o __________
enter/o __________
esophag/o __________
gastr/o __________
gingiv/o __________
Combining Form Meaning
Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
15

Combining Forms and
Terminology (contd)

col/o colon
colon/o colon
dent/i tooth
duoden/o duodenum
enter/o intestines
esophag/o esophagus
gastr/o stomach
gingiv/o gums
Combining Form Meaning
Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
16
Combining Forms and
Terminology (contd)

gloss/o __________
gluc/o __________
glyc/o __________
hepat/o __________
herni/o __________
ile/o __________
jejun/o __________
labi/o __________
Combining Form Meaning
Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
17
Combining Forms and
Terminology (contd)

gloss/o tongue
gluc/o sugar
glyc/o sugar
hepat/o liver
herni/o hernia
ile/o ileum
jejun/o jejunum
labi/o lip
Combining Form Meaning
Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
18
Combining Forms and
Terminology (contd)
lingu/o __________
lip/o __________
lith/o __________
odont/o __________
or/o __________
palat/o __________
pancreat/o __________


Combining Form Meaning
Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
19
Combining Forms and
Terminology (contd)
lingu/o tongue
lip/o fat
lith/o stone
odont/o tooth
or/o mouth
palat/o palate
pancreat/o pancreas


Combining Form Meaning
Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
20
Combining Forms and
Terminology (contd)
proct/o __________
pylor/o __________
rect/o __________
sialaden/o __________
splen/o __________
steat/o __________
stomat/o __________
Combining Form Meaning
Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
21
Combining Forms and
Terminology (contd)
proct/o anus and rectum
pylor/o pyloric sphincter
rect/o rectum
sialaden/o salivary gland
splen/o spleen
steat/o fat
stomat/o mouth
Combining Form Meaning
Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
22
QUICK QUIZ:
3. Which term means enlarged liver?
A. Acromegaly
B. Cardiomegaly
C. Hepatomegaly
D. Hepatitis

Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
23
Laboratory Tests and
Clinical Procedures
Laboratory tests
Liver function tests (LFTs): tests for enzymes and
bilirubin in blood
Stool culture: test for microorganisms in stool
Stool guaiac test or Hemoccult test: test to detect
blood in feces

Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
24
QUICK QUIZ:
4. Which of the following tests for the clear
fluid that remains after blood has clotted
(serum)?
A. Stool guaiac
B. Hemoccult
C. Stool culture
D. LFTs

Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
25
Laboratory Tests and
Clinical Procedures
Clinical procedures
X-rays
Lower gastrointestinal series (barium enema)
Upper gastrointestinal series
Cholangiography
Computed tomography (CT scan)
Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
26
Laboratory Tests and
Clinical Procedures (contd)
Clinical procedures

Ultrasound examination
Abdominal ultrasonography
Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)

Magnetic resonance techniques
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Nuclear medicine test
Hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid scan (HIDA scan)

Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
27
Laboratory Tests and
Clinical Procedures (contd)
Other procedures
Gastric bypass or bariatric surgery: reduces stomach size
Gastrointestinal endoscopy: visual examination of the GI
tract
Laparoscopy: visual examination of the abdomen
Liver biopsy: removal of liver tissue for microscopic
examination
Nasogastric intubation: insertion of a tube through the
nose into the stomach
Paracentesis (abdominocentesis): puncture to remove
fluid from abdomen
Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
28
QUICK QUIZ:
5. Which procedure is a surgical puncture to
remove fluid from the abdomen?
A. Laparoscopy
B. Laparotomy
C. Abdominectomy
D. Abdominocentesis
Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
29
Abbreviations
alk phos
ALT, AST
BE
BM
BRBPR
CD
CT
EGD
ERCP

__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
30
Abbreviations
alk phos
ALT, AST
BE
BM
BRBPR
CD
CT
EGD
ERCP

Alkaline phosphatase
Alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase
Barium enema
Bowel movement
Bright red blood per rectum
Celiac disease
Computed tomography
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
31
Abbreviations (contd)
EUS
FOBT
G tube
GB
GERD
GI
HBV
IBD
LAC
LFTs
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________

Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
32
Abbreviations (contd)
EUS
FOBT
G tube
GB
GERD
GI
HBV
IBD
LAC
LFTs
Endoscopic ultrasonography
Fecal occult blood test
Gastrostomy tube; also stomach tube, PEG tube
Gallbladder
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
Gastrointestinal
Hepatitis B virus
Inflammatory bowel disease
Laparoscopic-assisted colectomy
Liver function tests

Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
33
Abbreviations (contd)
MRI
NG tube
NPO
PEG tube
PEJ tube
PTHC
PUD
TPN
T tube
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________



Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
34
Abbreviations (contd)
MRI
NG tube
NPO
PEG tube
PEJ tube
PTHC
PUD
TPN
T tube
Magnetic resonance imaging
Nasogastric tube
Nothing by mouth
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube
Percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy tube
Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
Peptic ulcer disease
Total parenteral nutrition
Tube placed in the bile duct for drainage into a
small pouch on the outside of the body
Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
35
Review Suffixes
-ase _____________
-centesis _____________
-chezia _____________
-ectasia _____________
-ectasis _____________
-ectomy _____________
-emesis _____________
-emia _____________
-genesis _____________
Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
36
Review Suffixes (contd)
-ase enzyme
-centesis surgical puncture to remove fluid
-chezia defecation; elimination of wastes
-ectasia stretching; dilation; expansion
-ectasis stretching; dilation; expansion
-ectomy removal; excision; resection
-emesis vomiting
-emia blood condition
-genesis producing; forming

Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
37
Review Suffixes (contd)
-graphy _____________
-iasis _____________
-lysis _____________
-megaly _____________
-orexia _____________
-pathy _____________
-pepsia _____________
-phagia _____________
Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
38
Review Suffixes (contd)
-graphy process of recording
-iasis abnormal condition
-lysis breakdown; separation;
destruction; loosening
-megaly enlargement
-orexia appetite
-pathy disease; emotion
-pepsia digestion
-phagia eating; swallowing
Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
39
Review Suffixes (contd)
-prandial _____________
-plasty _____________
-ptosis _____________
-ptysis _____________
-rrhage _____________
-rrhagia _____________
-rrhaphy _____________
-rrhea _____________
Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
40
Review Suffixes (contd)
-prandial meal
-plasty surgical repair
-ptosis droop; sag; prolapse; fall
-ptysis spitting
-rrhage bursting forth (of blood)
-rrhagia bursting forth (of blood)
-rrhaphy suture
-rrhea flow; discharge
Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
41

Review Suffixes (contd)
-scopy _____________
-spasm _____________
-stasis _____________
-stenosis _____________
-stomy _____________
-tomy _____________
-tresia _____________

Copyright 2014, 2011, 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
42

Review Suffixes (contd)
-scopy visual examination
-spasm sudden contraction of muscles
-stasis stop; control; place
-stenosis tightening; stricture
-stomy new opening (to form a mouth)
-tomy process of cutting
-tresia opening