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In Qualitative Analysis

The document discusses qualitative analysis of the third group in the periodic table, which includes Fe3+, Al3+, and Cr3+. Ammonium hydroxide is used as the group reagent in the presence of ammonium chloride to precipitate the insoluble hydroxides of these cations. Nitric acid is added before the group reagent to oxidize any Fe2+ ions to Fe3+ due to the higher solubility product of Fe(OH)2. A number of tests are described to identify a light bluish green crystalline compound containing third group and zero group cations that responds positively to reactions producing reddish brown precipitates and color changes.

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49 views

In Qualitative Analysis

The document discusses qualitative analysis of the third group in the periodic table, which includes Fe3+, Al3+, and Cr3+. Ammonium hydroxide is used as the group reagent in the presence of ammonium chloride to precipitate the insoluble hydroxides of these cations. Nitric acid is added before the group reagent to oxidize any Fe2+ ions to Fe3+ due to the higher solubility product of Fe(OH)2. A number of tests are described to identify a light bluish green crystalline compound containing third group and zero group cations that responds positively to reactions producing reddish brown precipitates and color changes.

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kskking
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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In qualitative analysis, IIIrd group includes Fe3+, Al3+ and Cr3+ .

The group
reagent is ammonium hydroxide in presence of ammonium chloride. NH4Cl is
added to suppress the ionisation of NH4OH so that only the IIIrd group
radicals are precipitated as their insoluble hydroxide and not
the IVth and Vth group radicals as the solubility products of their hydroxides
are much higher. Before adding group reagent to the filtrate of IInd group, one
drop of concentrated HNO3 (oxidising agent) is added and the content is
boiled for 2-3 minutes and then cooled. This is because of the high solubility
product of Fe(OH)2 as compared to Fe(OH)3. When a light bluish green
crystalline compound containing cations of IIIrd group and zero group is
analysed, it responds to following tests/reactions.
(a) Its aqueous solution gives a reddish brown precipitate with alkaline
solution of potassium tetraiodomercurate(II).
(b) Its aqueous solution after boiling with concentrated HNO3 gives a reddish
brown ppt. with sodium hydroxide.
(c) Solution of reddish brown ppt. in dilute HCl gives blood red colouration
with ammonium sulphocyanide and prussian blue colouration with potassium
ferrocyanide.
(d) Its dilute solution gives white ppt. with (CH3COO)2Pb solution which is
only soluble in hot ammonium acetate.

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