COMPREHENSIVE

DEVELOPMENT PLAN
Ronel Geraldizo Dagohoy

Introduction
In an ideal scenario, a particular local government
unit (LGU) manages its own growth and change
through a body of plans with varying scope and time
frame. The term ideal, however, does not imply a
utopian, unrealistic or unattainable dream. It simply
means a scenario that does not exist as yet.
Nevertheless, it is the scenario that the Local
Government Code (LGC) of 1991 (RA 7160) wants
every LGU to achieve. With the aid of various plans,
LGUs are expected to more effectively manage their
own local development.
The CDP is the action plan utilized by every local
administration to develop and implement priority
sectoral and cross-sectoral programs and projects in
the proper locations to put flesh on the skeleton as it
were, gradually and incrementally, until the desired
shape or form of development is eventually attained
over the long term. This is consistent with the
definition of planning as public control of the pattern
of development.
A Local Planning and Development Model

and techniques to derive various indicators of

development or underdevelopment, of problems and
constraints as well as opportunities and challenges
for development.
a. Updated ecological profile of the planning
area
b. Matrix of Local Development Indicators
c. Accomplished Problem Solution Matrix
Module 2 Formulation of new goals or revalidating
and/or revising the existing vision statement. The
outputs of this module are as follows:
a. Revalidated/ revised vision statement
b. Vision elements and their respective
descriptors and success indicators
c. Vision reality gap which will eventually be
transformed into sectoral goals
Modules 1 and 2 may be undertaken simultaneously
or interchangeably.

Module 3 Formulation of the Provincial

Comprehensive Land Use Plan (PCLUP) in the case
of the province and the CLUP in the case of cities
and municipalities. This involves undertaking the
following activities:
a. Generation of alternative spatial strategies
taking into account the higher level spatial
strategy and choosing the most desirable
alternative
for
the
province
or
city/municipality, as the case may be.
b. Formulation of policies on production,
infrastructure, settlements, and protection
areas consistent with the preferred strategy.
c. Formulation of implementation tools, e.g.,
zoning ordinance
The outputs of activities under this module are as
follows:

Chart designed by Prof. Ernesto M. Serote

4 Modules of CDP
Module 1 Generation of the planning database
consisting of statistics and maps and analytical tools

a. Draft Provincial Comprehensive Land Use

Plan and / or City/Municipal CLUP
b. Policy maps printed at suitable scale
c. Draft Zoning Ordinance in the case of cities
and municipalities
Module 4 Preparation of the Multi-Year
Provincial/City/Municipal CDP. The main activities
under this module are as follows:

a. Formulation of sectoral goals, objectives

and targets
b. Prioritization of sectoral programs, projects
and activities
c. Preparation of the Local Development
Investment Program (LDIP)
d. Identification of new legislations needed to
carry out the sectoral plans
e. Preparation of the capacity development
program

General Welfare Goals as Alternative Vision

Examples of Indicators for the
General Welfare Goals
GENERAL WELFARE
GOAL
Presentation and
enrichment of culture

SUCCESS INDICATORS
a.
b.
c.

Transforming the Vision Reality Gaps to

Sectoral Goals

Promotion of Healthy
and safety

b.
c.

Goals
The translation of an organizations vision into
more concrete and measurable terms
Clearer statements of visions that specify the
actual accomplishments that need to be
achieved if the vision is to become a reality
the end toward which design or action tends

Enhancement of
peoples right to a
balanced ecology

Importance of Goals in Planning

Goals serve at least three (3) purposes in the
planning process
As an end toward which all future actions
specified in the plan are directed
As a set of criteria for evaluating alternative
strategies and approaches
As a standard against which the success or
failure of each action is measured

Sources of Goals in Planning

Universal concept of public interest

Public Health and Safety

Convenience

Economy

Environmentally amenity
The General Welfare Goals
Regional Physical Framework Plans (RPFP)
National Policies
Local Communities

a.

b.

c.

Sectoral Goals
The desired end results that are the same,
or derived from, the particular element of the
vision statement that pertains to a specific
sector.

a.

Public library/museum
and archives
Historical/heritage
sites preserved
Local language and
literature promoted
Health center in every
barangay
Well Lighted streets
Physical fitness
exercises well
attended
Acceptable ratio of
built form to open
space
Clean air monitoring
and enforcement
effective
Treeparks and green
belts in abundance

Encouragement and
support for
appropriate self
reliant technology
Encourage and
Support for
appropriate selfreliant technology

a.
b.

c.
Improvement of
public morals

a.

b.

Enhancement of
economic prosperity
and social justice

a.

b.

c.
Promotion of full
employment

a.
b.

c.

Technical/Vocational
Schools established
Complete
coverage/adequate
supply of electric
power
Indigenous property
rights protected
Properly located and
regulated gaming and
amusement activities
Transparency in
government
transactions an
established practice
Modern
communication
systems in place
Banks and other
financial institutions
available
Well distributed farm
lands
Optimally utilized farm
lands
Fisherfolk given
territorial use rights in
municipal waters.
Availability of nonfarm jobs

Approaches to CDP Preparation: Inclusive,

Participatory, and Consultative
The LDC is one of the two more important
components of the planning structure; the
Sanggunian being the other one. They are the bodies
that lay down policy guidelines and take decisions
regarding the direction, character and objectives of
local development.
The most ample avenue for multi-stakeholder
participation in local planning and development is the
LDC where non-governmental organizations are
allocated one-fourth of the total membership. The
Code explicitly directs LGUs to promote the
establishment and operation of peoples and
nongovernmental organizations (POs and NGOs) as
active partners in the pursuit of local autonomy
(Section 34, RA 7160).
The technical component of the local planning
structure is composed of non-elective officials of the
LGU, particularly the LPDO, LGU department heads,
local special bodies, sectoral and/or functional
committees of the LDC, and chiefs of national
government agencies stationed in the LGU and
private sector representatives. It is in the sectoral of
functional committees and/or other local special
bodies where other stakeholders who did not gain
accreditation as members of the LDC can get to
participate in the planning process.
The steps in the planning process where multi
stakeholder participation can be harnessed are listed
below.
Stage 1: Generating the Planning Data Base
Technical inputs in the areas of data
generation, analysis and presentation are
mainly the responsibility of the technical
component of the planning structure. The
interpretation of the data and the explanations
and implications of information derived from
the data,
Stage 2: Setting/ Re-visiting the Vision and Goal
Setting
This should be done with the political
component and the general public. The
technical component only facilitates the
proceedings.
Stage 3: Preparation of the Multi-Year
Comprehensive Development Plan
This is the responsibility of the Local
Development Council with inputs from its
sectoral andfunctional committees.

Stage 4: Preparation of the Local Development

Investment Program
The Code also encourages LGUs to provide
assistance, financial or otherwise, to POs and
NGOs that seek to undertake projects that are
Stage 5: Plan Implementation
Where POs and NGOs are able to marshal
adequate resources of their own, LGUs are
enjoined to enter into joint ventures and
similar cooperative arrangements with them.
Such joint undertakings may be for the
delivery of basic services, capability building
and livelihood projects. These joint ventures
may also include the development of local
enterprises designed to improve the
productivity and incomes, diversify agriculture,
spur rural industrialization, promote ecological
balance, and promote the economic and
social well-being of the people (Section 35,
RA 7160).

Suggested Contents of the CDP

The formal and substantive elements of the
Comprehensive Development Plan include, but are
not limited to the following:
1. Preliminary Pages
a. Resolution adopting the CDP
b. Foreword
c. Acknowledgement
d. Table of Contents
e. List of Tables
f. List of Figures
g. List of Boxes
2. Quick Facts about the LGU (Brief and preferably
in bullet form only)
a. Brief Historical Background
b. Geo-physical Characteristics
Location and Total Land Area
Topography
Climate
c. Population and Demographic Profile
Total population male and female;
urban rural; school-age population
by level, by sex; dependent
population, male and female; labor
force, male and female
Population density
Ethnicity
Religion
Languages/dialects
Poverty incidence

d. Social Services
Number of schools, hospitals, daycare
centers
e. Economy
Major economic activities
Number of business establishments by
industry sectors
f. Infrastructure
Transport and Utilities (major
circulation network, sources of water
and power supply and communication
facilities)
Administrative infrastructures (number
of national government offices situated
and operating in the LGU
g. Environment
Solid waste management
General air quality
General water quality
h. Institutional Machinery
Political subdivisions (Number of
Districts, Barangays)
Organizational Structure

5. Local Development Investment Program

a. List of programs and projects with their
corresponding costs to be funded from local
sources ranked by level or urgency
b. List of programs and projects with their
corresponding costs to be funded from other
sources, i.e., province, national government,
private sector, foreign donors, grants, loans,
etc.

Reference:

RA 7160 (Local Government Code of

1991)
PPT of PANCHO F. VILLASIS, City
Planning & Development
CoordinatorLGU Bayawan City
Guide To Comprehensive
Development Plan (Cdp) Preparation
For Local Government Unit of DILG

3. Matrix of Local Development Indicators

4. Comprehensive Development Plan
1. Vision
2. Vision Reality Gap Analysis
3. Cross-Sectoral / Special Issues and
Concerns
4. Sectoral Development Plans
a. Social Development Plan
b. Economic Development Plan
c. Infrastructure and Physical
Development Plan
d. Environmental Management Plan
e. Institutional Development Plan
The outputs of each sectoral plan will serve
as an input to the local development
investment program and to the legislative
agenda of the Sanggunian.
Each sectoral development plan contains the
following:
a. Introduction
b. Goals
c. Objectives and Targets
d. Strategies
e. Programs and Projects
f. Proposed Legislations
g. Project Ideas of Project
Briefs/Profiles

Prepared by:

RONEL GERALDIZO DAGOHOY

BPub.Ad.