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Observations and Calculations

The document contains observations and calculations from an experiment on the settling of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) particles in water. It includes three tables showing the settling of CaCO3 at concentrations of 50g, 100g, and 150g in 1L of water. For each concentration, the time, height settled, settling velocity, and concentration were recorded at intervals. Graphs were plotted showing trends in settling velocity and concentration over time and concentration over height settled. All graphs followed similar patterns, with settling velocity and concentration decreasing over time as more CaCO3 settled out of solution.

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sagarchawla13
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41 views

Observations and Calculations

The document contains observations and calculations from an experiment on the settling of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) particles in water. It includes three tables showing the settling of CaCO3 at concentrations of 50g, 100g, and 150g in 1L of water. For each concentration, the time, height settled, settling velocity, and concentration were recorded at intervals. Graphs were plotted showing trends in settling velocity and concentration over time and concentration over height settled. All graphs followed similar patterns, with settling velocity and concentration decreasing over time as more CaCO3 settled out of solution.

Uploaded by

sagarchawla13
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Observations and Calculations

Table 1 50 gm of CaCO3 in 1L

Sr.

Time

Interval

No

t (sec)

t (sec)

Volume Height
(cm)

Settling

Concentratio

Velocity

(ml)
(cm/s)

(mol/l)
0

980

32.22

0.000

0.510242

21

960

31.56

1.502857

0.520913

19

940

30.9

1.626316

0.532039

14

920

30.25

2.160714

0.543471

22

900

29.59

1.345

0.555593

20

880

28.93

1.4465

0.568268

18

860

28.27

1.570556

0.581535

25

840

27.62

1.1048

0.595221

18

820

26.96

1.497778

0.609792

19

800

26.3

1.384211

0.625095

26

780

25.64

0.986154

0.641186

20

760

24.99

1.2495

0.657863

26

740

24.33

0.935769

0.675709

28

720

23.67

0.845357

0.69455

22

700

23.01

1.045909

0.714472

24

680

22.36

0.931667

0.735242

21
2
40
3
54
4
76
5
96
6
114
7
339
8
357
9
376
10
402
11
422
12
448
13
476
14
498
15
522
16

549
17

27

660

21.7

0.803704

0.757604

23

640

21.04

0.914783

0.781369

25

620

20.38

0.8152

0.806673

24

600

19.73

0.822083

0.833249

26

580

19.07

0.733462

0.862087

22

560

18.41

0.836818

0.892993

23

540

17.75

0.771739

0.926197

25

520

17.1

0.684

0.961404

25

500

16.44

0.6576

24

480

15.78

0.6575

1.041825

25

460

15.12

0.6048

1.087302

25

440

14.47

0.5788

1.136144

25

420

13.81

0.5524

1.190442

27

400

13.15

0.487037

1.25019

33

380

12.49

0.378485

1.316253

36

360

11.83

0.328611

1.389687

40

340

11.18

0.2795

1.470483

56

320

10.52

0.187857

1.562738

78
100
112
123
135
112
144
187

300
280
260
240
220
200
180
160

9.86
9.2
8.54
7.89
7.23
6.57
5.91
5.26

0.12641
0.092
0.07625
0.064146
0.053556
0.058661
0.041042
0.028128

1.667343
1.786957
1.925059
2.08365
2.273859
2.502283
2.781726
3.125475

572
18
597
19
621
20
647
21
669
22
692
23
717
24
742
25
766
26
791
27
816
28
841
29
868
30
901
31
937
32
977
33
1033
34
1111
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42

1211
1323
1446
1581
1693
1837
2024

Table 2 100gm of CaCO3 in 1L

Sr.
Time

Interval

Volume

Settling
Height
velocity

No
t (sec)

(cm)

t (sec)

(ml)

1000

32.88

980

32.22

960

31.56

940

30.90

920

30.25

900

29.59

880

28.93

860

28.27

840

27.62

820

26.96

800

26.30

780

25.64

(cm/s)

.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

Concentration

0
21

32.22

57

31.56

213

30.9

353

29.59

515

28.93

699

28.27

825

27.62

987

26.96

1131

26.3

1293

25.64

1438

24.99

(mol/l)

1.534286

1.020484

0.876667

1.041825

0.198077

1.064078

0.211357

1.111186

0.17858

1.136536

0.153641

1.16307

0.219206

1.190442

0.16642

1.219585

0.182639

1.25019

0.158272

1.282371

0.172345

1.315726

13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

1595

24.33

1755

23.67

1905

23.01

2066

22.36

2205

21.7

2355

21.04

2517

20.38

2674

19.73

2822

19.07

2967

18.41

3117

17.75

3262

17.1

3412

16.44

3550

15.78

3704

15.12

3842

14.47

3994

13.81

4114

13.15

4264

12.49

4384

11.83

760

24.99

740

24.33

720

23.67

700

23.01

680

22.36

660

21.70

640

21.04

620

20.38

600

19.73

580

19.07

560

18.41

540

17.75

520

17.10

500

16.44

480

15.78

460

15.12

440

14.47

420

13.81

400

13.15

380

12.49

0.154968

1.351418

0.147938

1.3891

0.1534

1.428944

0.149067

1.470483

0.144667

1.515207

0.140267

1.562738

0.125802

1.613346

0.125669

1.666498

0.128851

1.724174

0.126966

1.785986

0.118333

1.852394

0.117931

1.922807

0.1096

0.114348

2.08365

0.098182

2.174603

0.104855

2.272287

0.090855

2.380883

0.109583

2.50038

0.083267

2.632506

0.098583

2.779374

Table 3 150 gm of CaCO3 in 1L

Sr.

Time

No

t (sec)

Time

Volume

Height

Settling

Concentratio

intervals

mark

(cm)

velocity

t (sec)

(ml)

(cm/s)
.

(mol/l)

0
1
97

0
97

2
210

880

28.93

860

28.27

840

27.62

820

26.96

800

26.30

175

8
1155

187

1347

192

1547

200

1754

207

2017

263

2277

260

2487

210

780

10

760

11

740

12

720

13

700

14

680

15
2715
2987
3267
3567
3892
4138
4402

660

21.70

640

21.04

620

20.38

600

19.73

580

19.07

560

18.41

540

17.75

264
520

0.225878

1.666779

0.202308

1.704805

0.180064

1.744606

0.181711

1.785663

0.154057

1.829377

0.140642

1.875285

0.133542

1.923557

0.12495

1.973589

0.117536

2.027127

0.09

2.08365

0.0885

2.143416

0.106476

2.205725

0.095175

2.272811

0.077353

2.344106

0.072786

2.42002

0.065767

2.499747

0.058677

2.586261

0.074837

2.678979

0.067235

2.778592

22.36

246

21

1.630413

23.01

325

20

0.267699

23.67

300

19

1.596117

24.33

280

18

0.318557

24.99

272

17

1.56

25.64

228

16

22

30.25

152

7
968

920

157

6
793

30.90

143

5
641

940
131

4
484

31.56

113

3
341

960

17.10

4699

297

23
4972

6011

460

15.12

440

14.47

420

13.81

400

13.15

256

27
28

15.78

253

26
5763

480
282

25
5507

16.44

273

24
5254

500

248

1 Settling velocity vs time :-

0.057576

2.884211

0.06022

0.055957

3.125475

0.059763

3.261905

0.056523

3.408431

0.055685

3.571325

V1
2.5
2
1.5

V1

1
0.5
0
0

250

500

750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250

V2
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2

V2

1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000

v3
0.35
0.3
0.25
v3

0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

2 Concentrations vs time

C1
4
C1
2
0
0

250

500

750

1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250

C2
3
2.5
2

C2

1.5
1
0.5
0
0

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000

C3
4
3.5
3
2.5

C3

2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

Concentration vs height

C1
3.5
3
2.5
C1

2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0

10

15

20

25

30

35

3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
10

15

20

25

30

35

C3
4
3.5
3
2.5

C3

2
1.5
1
0.5
0
10

15

20

25

Settling velocity vs concentration

30

35

V1
2.5
2
1.5

V1

1
0.5
0
0

0.5

1.5

2.5

3.5

1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0.5

1.5

2.5

V3
0.35
0.3
0.25
V3

0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
1

1.5

2.5

3.5

3 baate yaad rakhna.


pehli- excel file samajne ki koshish mat krna kyuki samaj nhi aaegi
dusri- aur mujse puchna mat ki mene calculation kese ki h kyuki meri abhi samjane ki
takat nhi, to graphs seedhe copy paste kr lena, bas axis ko label nhi kiya h to vo kar
lena aur jo khud k hisaab se changes krne ho vo kr lena graph me. aur calculation shi h
teesri- saare graphs series me h, mtlb pehla graph 50 gm wale k liye, dusra wala 100
gm aur third wala 150 gram k liye

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