FOREWORD

The Iranian Petroleum Standards (IPS) reflect the

views of the Iranian Ministry of Petroleum and are
intended for use in the oil and gas production
facilities, oil refineries, chemical and petrochemical
plants, gas handling and processing installations and
other such facilities.
IPS are based on internationally acceptable standards
and include selections from the items stipulated in the
referenced standards. They are also supplemented by
additional requirements and/or modifications based
on the experience acquired by the Iranian Petroleum
Industry and the local market availability. The
options which are not specified in the text of the
standards are itemized in data sheet/s, so that, the
user can select his appropriate preferences therein.
The IPS standards are therefore expected to be
sufficiently flexible so that the users can adapt these
standards to their requirements. However, they may
not cover every requirement of each project. For such
cases, an addendum to IPS Standard shall be prepared
by the user which elaborates the particular
requirements of the user. This addendum together
with the relevant IPS shall form the job specification
for the specific project or work.
The IPS is reviewed and up-dated approximately
every five years. Each standards are subject to
amendment or withdrawal, if required, thus the latest
edition of IPS shall be applicable.
The users of IPS are therefore requested to send their
views and comments, including any addendum
prepared for particular cases to the following address.
These comments and recommendations will be
reviewed by the relevant technical committee and in
case of approval will be incorporated in the next
revision of the standard.

( IPS )



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Fax: 88810462

19

1585886851 :
66153055 88810459 - 60 :
021-88810462 :

Email: [email protected]

[email protected]

Standards and Research department

No.19, Street14, North kheradmand
Karimkhan Avenue, Tehran, Iran .
Postal Code- 1585886851
Tel: 88810459-60 & 66153055

General Definitions:
Throughout this Standard the following definitions
shall apply.
Company :
Refers to one of the related and/or affiliated companies
of the Iranian Ministry of Petroleum such as National
Iranian Oil Company, National Iranian Gas Company,
and National Petrochemical Company etc.
Purchaser :
Means the "Company" Where this standard is part of
direct purchaser order by the "Company", and the
"Contractor" where this Standard is a part of contract
document.
Vendor And Supplier:

:
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:

"" ""
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:

Contractor:

.
:

Refers to the persons, firm or company whose tender

has been accepted by the company,

Refers to firm or person who will supply and/or

fabricate the equipment or material.

Executor :
Executor is the party which carries out all or part of
construction and/or commissioning for the project.
Inspector :
The Inspector referred to in this Standard is a
person/persons or a body appointed in writing by the
company for the inspection of fabrication and
installation work
Shall:
Is used where a provision is mandatory.
Should
Is used where a provision is advisory only.
Will:
Is normally used in connection with the action by the
"Company" rather than by a contractor, supplier or
vendor.
May:
Is used where a provision is completely discretionary.

:

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:
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IPS-E-PR-190(1)

ENGINEERING STANDARD
FOR
LAYOUT AND SPACING
FIRST REVISION
MARCH 2009

1387

This Standard is the property of Iranian Ministry of Petroleum.

All rights are reserved to the owner. Neither whole nor any part
of this document may be disclosed to any third party, reproduced,
stored in any retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by
any means without the prior written consent of the Iranian
Ministry of Petroleum.

.


.

)IPS-E-PR-190(1

Mar. 2009 / 1387

Page
No

CONTENTS:
0. INTRODUCTION ......................................... 6

-0 6 ..............................................................
1. SCOPE........................................................... 8

-1 8 ......................................................
2. REFERENCES .............................................. 8

-2 8 .............................................................
3. DEFINITIONS AND TERMINOLOGY ........ 10

-3 10 ................................................
3.1 Boundary...................................................... 10

1-3 10 ...........................................................
3.2 Dike............................................................... 11

2-3 11 .................................................
3.3 Diversion Wall ............................................. 11

3-3 11 ........................................
3.4 Fire Resistive................................................ 11

4-3 11 .............................................
3.5 High Flash Stock.......................................... 11

5-3 11 ......................
3.6 Low-Flash Stocks......................................... 11

6-3 11 ...................
3.7 Non-Combustible......................................... 11

7-3 11 ..........................................
3.8 Ordinary (See Table A.3 in Appendix A).. 11

8-3 ) 3- (11 ..
3.9 Pipe Rack ..................................................... 11

9-3 11 ....................................................
3.10 Plot Plan ..................................................... 11

10-3 11 .................................
3.11 Sheathed Incombustible or
Incombustible (See Table A.3) ................. 12

3-11
3- ( 12 ............
3.12 Sleepers....................................................... 12

12-3 12 .............................................
3.13 Tank Diameter........................................... 12

13-3 12 ...............................................
3.14 Tank Spacing ............................................. 12

14-3 12 ...................................

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

3.15 Toe Wall ..................................................... 12

12 ............................... 15-3
3.16 Vessel Diameter ......................................... 12

12 ................................................. 16-3
3.17 Vessel Spacing............................................ 12

12 .................................... 17-3
4. SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS ............ 12

12 .......................................... -4
5. UNITS............................................................ 13

13 ............................................................ -5
6.SOME KEY ISSUES RELATED
TO LAYOUT ................................................... 13

13 .................. -6
6.1 Terrain.......................................................... 13

13 .............................................. 1-6
6.2 Safety and Environment ............................. 13

13 ................................... 2-6
6.3 Throughput .................................................. 14

14 ..................................................... 3-6
7. BASIC CONSIDERATIONS........................... 14

14 ...................................................... -7
7.1 General ......................................................... 14

14 ....................................................... 1-7
7.2 Blocking........................................................ 15

15 ............................................. 2-7
7.3 Location and Weather................................. 15

15 ............................... 3-7
7.4 Prevailing Wind........................................... 15

15 .................................................... 4-7
7.5 Layout Indication ........................................ 15

15 ......................... 5-7
7.6 Classification of Hazards ............................ 15

15 ..................................... 6-7
8. PLANT LAYOUT ............................................. 16

16 ................................................... -8
8.1 Area Arrangement ...................................... 16

16 ............................................. 1-8
8.2 Roadways ..................................................... 18

18 ..................................................... 2-8
8.3 Piperacks and Sleepers ............................... 18

18 ...................................... 3-8

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

8.4 Layout of Control Room and Electrical

Sub-Station................................................... 22

22 ............ 4-8
8.5 Fire Fighting Requirements ....................... 23

23 ..................................... 5-8
8.6 Building Requirements ............................... 24

24 ........................................ 6-8
8.7 Access Requirements................................... 25

25 ........................................ 7-8
8.8 Preparation of Plot Plan Drawing ............. 25

25 ..................................... 8-8
9. LAYOUT IN PROCESS UNITS...................... 26

26 ............................ -9
9.1 General ......................................................... 26

26 ...................................................... 1-9
9.2 Process Requirements ................................. 27

27 .......................................... 2-9
9.3 Safety Requirements ................................... 27

27 ............................................. 3-9
9.4 Basic Design Considerations....................... 30

30 .............................. 4-9
9.5 Equipment layout and spacing................... 35

35 ................... 5-9
10. LAYOUT OF PIPING..................................... 48

48 ............................................ -10
10.1 General ....................................................... 48

48 ...................................................... 1-10
10.2 Requirements and Design Criteria .......... 49

49 ............................ 2-10
11. UTILITY LAYOUT AND SPACING........... 50

50 ............ -11
11.1 Requirements and Design Criteria .......... 50

50 ........................... 1-11
11.2 Spacing ....................................................... 51

51 ............................................. 2-11
12. OFFSITE FACILITIES................................. 51

51 ..................... -12
12.1 General ....................................................... 51

51 ..................................................... 1-12
12.2 Tank Farm ................................................. 51

51 ............................................ 2-12

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

12.3 Loading and Unloading Facilities ............ 52

52 .......................... 3-12
13. FLARE ........................................................ 53

53 ........................................................... -13
14. WASTE TREATMENT FACILITIES ......... 54

54 .................................. -14
APPENDICES:

:
APPENDIX A TABLE A.1 - NFPA CODES,
STANDARDS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS ................. 55

55 ....... 1-
TABLE A.2 - CODES AND STANDARDS
AFFECTING MAINTENANCE
REQUIREMENTS ......................... 55

2-
55 ...................
TABLE A.3 - OIA RECOMMENDED SPACING
AT REFINERIES, CHEMICALS,
PETROCHEMICALS AND GAS
PLANTS FOR BUILDINGS ....... 57

OIA 3-

57 ....
Table A.4 - OIA General Recommendations For
Spacing In Refineries ......................... 58

OIA 4-
58 ................
TABLE A.5 - OIA GENERAL
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR
SPACING IN PETROCHEMICAL
PLANTS........................................... 61

OIA 5-
61 ..................
TABLE A.6 - OIA GENERAL
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR
SPACING IN GAS PLANTS ......... 64
OIA 6-

64 ........
TABLE A.7 - PROXIMITY OF REFRIGERATED
STORAGE VESSELS TO BOUNDARIES
AND OTHER FACILITIES ............ 67

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)
7-

67 ................

TABLE A. 8 - PROXIMITY OF ATMOSPHERIC

STORAGE TANKS TO BOUNDARIES
AND OTHER FACILITIES.......... 68

8-
68 ............
TABLE A-9 - PROXIMITY OF ATMOSPHERIC
STORAGE TANKS TO
EACH OTHERS ............................ 70

9-
70 ...........................................
TABLE A.10 - PROXIMITY OF
NONREFRIGERATED PRESSURE
STORAGE VESSELS/DRUMS TO
BOUNDARIES AND OTHER
FACILITIES.............................. 72

10-

72 ............................................

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)
-0

0. INTRODUCTION
The Standard practice Manuals titled as
"Fundamental Requirements for the Project Design
and Engineering" is intended for convenience of use
and a pattern of follow-up and also a guidance.

"
"
.

These Standard Engineering Practice Manuals, also

indicate the check points to be considered by the
process engineers for assurance of fulfillment of
prerequisitions at any stage in the implementation of
process projects.

It should be noted that these Iranian Petroleum

Standards (IPS), as Practice Manuals do not profess
to cover all stages involved in every process project,
but they effect the stages that exist in general in
process projects of oil, gas and Petrochemical
Industries of Iran.

( IPS)



.

:

These preparation stages describe the following three

main phases which can be distinguished in every
project & include, but not be limited to :
Phase I) Basic Design Stages (Containing Seven
Standards)

( ( ) I

Phase II) Detailed Design, Engineering and

Procurement Stages (Containing Two Standards)

) ( II

Phase III) Start-Up Sequence and General

Commissioning
Procedures
(Containing
two
Standards)

( III

The process engineering standards of this group

include the following 11 Standards:

(
( )

(7 1 ) I ( I

I) Manuals Of Phase I (Numbers 1 - 7)

IPS-E-PR-150

Basic Design Package

IPS-E-PR-150

IPS-E-PR-170

Process Flow Diagram

IPS-E-PR-170

IPS-E-PR-190

Layout and Spacing

IPS-E-PR-190

IPS-E-PR-200

Basic Engineering Design

Data

IPS-E-PR-200

IPS-E-PR-230

Piping & Instrumentation

(P&
IDS)

IPS-E-PR-230

IPS-E-PR-250

IPS-E-PR-308

Diagrams (P & IDs)

IPS-E-PR-250

Performance Guarantee

IPS-E-PR-308

Numbering System

Mar. 2009 / 1387

(9 8 ) II ( II

II) Manuals Of Phase II (Numbers 8 & 9)

IPS-E-PR-260

Detailed Design,
and Procurement

IPS-E-PR-300

Plant Technical and Equipment

Manuals (Engineering Dossiers)

Engineering

Start-Up Sequence and General

Commissioning Procedures

IPS-E-PR-290

Plant Operating Manuals

IPS-E-PR-260

( )

IPS-E-PR-300

(11 10 ) III ( III

IPS-E-PR-280

III) Manuals Of Phase III (Numbers 10 & 11)

IPS-E-PR-280

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

IPS-E-PR-290

This Engineering Standard Specification covers:

""

" Layout And Spacing "

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)
-1

1. SCOPE

1-1

1.1 This Standard Specification covers the basic

requirements of the plant layout and spacing of oil &
gas refineries, petrochemical and similar chemical
plants to ensure safety and fire prevention together
with ease of operation and maintenance.

.
:1

Note 1:

2. REFERENCES

1381
1
. 170
:2

1387
.( 1)
.( 0)
:3

.
-2

Throughout this Standard the following dated and

undated standards/codes are referred to. These
referenced documents shall, to the extent specified
herein, form a part of this standard. For dated
references, the edition cited applies. The applicability
of changes in dated references that occur after the
cited date shall be mutually agreed upon by the
Company and the Vendor. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced documents
(including any supplements and amendments)
applies.

.

.

.

.

This standard specification is reviewed and updated

by the relevant technical committee on June 2002, as
amendment No. 1 by circular No. 170.
Note 2:
This bilingual standard is a revised version of the
standard specification by the relevant technical
committee on March 2009, which is issued as
revision (1). Revision (0) of the said standard
specification is withdrawn.
Note 3:
In case of conflict between Farsi and English
languages, English language shall govern.

( ) API

API ( AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE)

Recommended Practice for
Classification of Location for
Electrical
Installation
at
Petroleum Facilities, Classified
as Class 1.Division 1 and
Division 2.

RP 521

Guide for Pressure-Relieving

and Depressuring Systems

API Std. 620

Design and Construction of

Large, Welded, Low Pressure
Storage Tanks

RP-500

RP-500

2 1 1

RP 521
API Std.620

Mar. 2009 / 1387

API Std. 650
ASME

Welded Steel Tanks for Oil

Storage

(AMERICAN
SOCIETY
MECHANICAL ENGINEERS)

IPS-E-PR-190(1)
API Std.650

( ) ASME

OF

1 8 -

- Section I, Power Boilers

- Section VIII, Pressure Vessels
B 31.1

Power Piping

B 31.1

B 31.3

Process Piping

B 31.3

( ) IPS

IPS (IRANIAN PETROLEUM STANDARDS)

IPS-G-ME-100

IPS-G-ME-110

IPS-C-ME-130 Construction
Standard
for
Pressure Storage & Spheres (for
LPG)

(LPG)

IPS-C-ME-130

IPS-E-CE-160

Engineering
Standard
for
Geometric Design of Roads an
Streets

IPS-E-CE-160

IPS-G-PI-280

General Standard
Supports

Pipe

IPS-G-PI-280

IPS-E-PR-360

Engineering
Standard
for
Process Design of Liquid & Gas
Transfer & Storage

IPS-E-PR-360

IPS-E-SF-200

Engineering Standard for Fire

Fighting Sprinkler Systems

IPS-C-SF-550

Application Standard for Safety

Boundary Limit

IPS-C-SF-550

IPS-E-PR-790

Engineering
Standard
for
Process Design of Cooling
Towers

IPS-E-PR-790

IPS-G-ME-100 General
Standard
for
Atmospheric above Ground
Welded Steel Storage Tanks
IPS-E-EL-110

Engineering
Standard
Hazardous Area

for

IPS-G-ME-110 General Standard for Large

Welded Low Pressure Storage
Tanks
IPS-C-ME-120 Construction
Standard
for
Aviation Turbine Fuel Storage
Tanks

for

IPS-E-EL-110

IPS-C-ME-120

IPS-E-SF-200

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-GN-100

Engineering Standard for Units

IPS-D-PI-102

Typical Unit Arrangement &

Piperack Layout

IPS-D-PI-103
MSS

Pipeline Spacing

(MANUFACTURERS
SOCIETY )

SP 58

NFPA

Connecting Flange Joint between

Tapping Sleeves and Tapping
Valves.
(NATIONAL FIRE
ASSOCIATION)

Recommendation Codes and

Standards (See Table A-1 in
Appendix A)

NFPA 30

Flammable and Combustible

Liquids Code

NFPA, 59

Utility LP-Gas Plant Code.

NFPA, 251

Standard
Potential
Material.

Test
heat

IPS-E-GN-100

IPS-D-PI-102

IPS-D-PI-103

SP 58

SP 60

( ) NFPA

PROTECTION

NFPA

( ) MSS

STANDARDIZATION

Pipe Hangers and Supports

SP 60

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

1- )
(

Method for
of Building

NFPA

NFPA 30
NFPA 59
NFPA 251

( ) IRI

IRI ( INDUSTRIAL RISK INSURANCE)

Requirement On Spacing of Flare

TEMA ( TUBULAR EXCHANGER MFRS.
ASSN. STANDARD)

( ) TEMA

Uniform Building Code, (UBC) From International

Conference of Building Officials

( UBC)

- Other referenced standards and code( See Tables

A-1 and A-2 in Appendix A )

1- ) .( 2-
-3

3. DEFINITIONS AND TERMINOLOGY

1-3

3.1 Boundary

.

.

Boundary of the equipment is the term used in a

processing facility, by an imaginary line that
completely encompassed the defined site.
The term distinguishes areas of responsibility and
defines the processing facility for the required scope
of work.
10

)IPS-E-PR-190(1

Mar. 2009 / 1387

2-3

3.2 Dike

Is an earth or concrete wall providing a specified

liquid retention capacity.

3-3

3.3 Diversion Wall

Is an earth or concrete wall which directs spills to a

safe disposal area.

4-3

3.4 Fire Resistive

NFPA 251
.

Fire resistance rating, as the time in minutes or hours,

that materials or assemblies have withstand a fire
exposure as established in accordance with the test of
NFPA 251.

5-3

3.5 High Flash Stock

55
)
(

Are those having a closed cup flash point of 55C or

over (such as heavy fuel oil, lubricating oils,
transformer oils etc.).

8
.

This category does not include any stock that may be

stored at temperatures above or within 8C of its flash
point.

6-3

3.6 Low-Flash Stocks

55


8
.

Are those having a closed cup flash point under 55C

such as gasoline, kerosene, jet fuels, some heating
oils, diesel fuels and any other stock that may be
stored at temperatures above or within 8C of its
flash point.

7-3

supporting

.
8-3 ) 3- (

or

igniting

3.7 Non-Combustible
Material incapable of
combustion.

)3.8 Ordinary (See Table A.3 in Appendix A

General masonry walls with wood roof and/or wood

floors; also all frame construction.

9-3

3.9 Pipe Rack

.

.

The pipe rack is the elevated supporting structure

used to convey piping between equipment. This
structure is also utilized for cable trays associated
with electric-power distribution and for instrument
tray.

10-3

3.10 Plot Plan

The plot plan is the scaled plan drawing of the

processing facility.

11

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

11-3

3.11 Sheathed Incombustible or Incombustible

(See Table A.3)

( 3- )

Wood frame, incombustible sheathing

.
12-3

3.12 Sleepers

.
.

The sleepers comprise the grade-level supporting

structure for piping between equipment for facilities,
e.g., tank farm or other remote areas.

13-3

3.13 Tank Diameter

Where tank spacing is expressed in terms of tank

diameter, the following criteria governs:
a) If tanks are in different services, or different
types of tanks are used, the diameter of the tank
which requires the greater spacing is used.

b) If tanks are in similar services, the diameter of

the largest tank is used

.
.
14-3

3.14 Tank Spacing

Is the unobstructed distance between tank shells, or

between tank shells and the nearest edge of adjacent
equipment, property lines, or buildings.

15-3

3.15 Toe Wall

Is a low earth, concrete, or masonry unit curb without

capacity requirements for the retention of small leaks
or spills

16-3

3.16 Vessel Diameter

.
.

Where vessel spacing is expressed in terms of vessel

diameter, the diameter of the largest vessel is used.
For spheroids, the diameter at the maximum equator
is used.

17-3

3.17 Vessel Spacing

Is the unobstructed distance between vessel shells or

between vessel shells and nearest edge of adjacent
equipment, property lines, or buildings

-4

4. SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS

: ANSI

ANSI : American National Standards Institute

: API

API : American Petroleum Institute

: ASME

ASME : American Society of Mechanical Engineers

12

Mar. 2009 / 1387

: BP

BP : Boiling Point

: HVAC

HVAC : Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning

: IC

IC : Incombustibles

: IRI

IRI : Industrial Risk Insurance

: LPG

LPG : Liquefied Petroleum Gas

: NFPA

NFPA : National Fire Protection Association

: OD

OD : Outside Diameter

: OGP

OGP : Oil, Gas and Petrochemical

: OIA

OIA : Oil Insurance Association

: SIC

SIC : Sheathed Incombustible

TEMA : Tubular
Association

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

Exchangers

: TEMA

Manufacturers

: UOP

UOP : Universal Oil Products.

-5

5. UNITS

(SI)
IPS-E-GN-100
.

This Standard is based on International System of

Units (SI), as per IPS-E-GN-100 except where
otherwise specified.

-6

6. SOME KEY ISSUES RELATED TO LAYOUT

1-6

6.1 Terrain
6.1.1 In the first place, considerations should be given
to the physical setting. It should not automatically be
assumed that it is necessary to level the site. There
may instead be ways that the process can take the
advantage of whatever slopes are present.

1-1-6

6.1.2 With respect to terrain, assess should be made,

whether, there is adequate space in general. If not,
ingenuity will be required to meet such requirements
as those for flares. Available space can help to govern
whether the plant can be located on one floor or
instead occupy several stories. The physical setting
shall also be considered in light of the Transportation
requirements for raw materials, products, wastes and
supplies.

2-1-6

.
.

.
.

.

.
2-6

6.2 Safety and Environment

)1-2-6

6.2.1 Familiarization with pertinent Environmental

Regulations, (Local, National and International), and

(
13

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

how they might change is essential perior to

conclusion of pre-project studies.

6.2.2 Attention shall be given to the pertinent safety

regulations, including health and welfare needs.
Hazardous and flammable materials require special
handling, which can take up layout space.

2-2-6

6.2.3 If the process fluids are especially toxic, layout

is affected by the need for close chemical sewers and
other protection measures.

3-2-6

.

.

.

Security requirements may require special layout

design when the plant produces a high-value product

6.2.4 If a plant site is governed by particular building,

piping, plumbing, electrical and other codes, these
can affect plant layout. Similar governing standards
and regulation in plant site affects the layout concept.

4-2-6

.

.
3-6

6.3 Throughput

1-3-6

6.3.1 It is important not only to know the initial

capacity but also to have a good feel for how much
the plant might be expanded in the future, as well as
how likely the process technology is to be
modernized. These factors indicate how much space
should be left for additional equipment.

.
.
2-3-6

6.3.2 Multiple processing lines (trains), are often

required for the plant. Pairs of trains can either be
identical or be mirror images. The former option is
less expensive. But the mirror image approach is
sometimes preferable for layout reasons. Two such
reasons are:

.
.

: .

a) For operator access via a central aisle.

(
.

b) The need that the outlet sides of two lines of

equipment (pumps, for instance) point toward each
other so that they can be readily hooked to one
common line.

( )
(
.
-7

7. BASIC CONSIDERATIONS

1-7

7.1 General
The plant layout shall be arranged to :

:
(

a) maximize safety;

b) prevent spread fire

c) Facilitate easy operation and maintenance

14

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

e) Consider future expansion

d) Economize project

(
2-7

7.2 Blocking

.
/
.

The plant site shall be blocked in consideration of

hazards attendant to plant operation in the area. All
blocked areas shall be formed as square as possible
by divided access roads and/or boundary lines

3-7

7.3 Location and Weather

The plant layout shall be arranged in consideration of

geographic location and weather in the region of the
site.

4-7

7.4 Prevailing Wind

Where the prevailing wind is defined, the

administration and service facilities and directly fired
equipment, etc., shall not be located windward of
process Units and storage tanks, etc.

5-7

7.5 Layout Indication

The basic requirements to be met in the appropriate
diagram when making a piping and equipment layout
are:

7.5.1 All equipment, ladders, structures, davits,

trolley beams, shall be indicated.

1-5-7
.
. 2-5-7

7.5.2 All instrument shall be located and indicated.

7.5.3 All valving and hand wheel orientations shall be
indicated.

3-5-7

7.5.4 Drip funnel locations for underground drains

shall be indicated.

4-5-7

7.5.5 All electrical switch gear, lighting panels shall

be indicated.

5-5-7

.
.
.
. 6-5-7

7.5.6 All sample systems shall be indicated

6-7

7.6 Classification of Hazards

:
IPS-E-EL-110

The plant layout shall be determined in consideration

of classified hazardous areas, specified in following
Standard Specifications:
IPS-E-EL-110 Hazardous area

API RP-500

API
RP-500
Recommended
Practice
for
Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations
at Petroleum facilities
15

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

[[

-8

8. PLANT LAYOUT

1-8

8.1 Area Arrangement

Classified blocked areas, such as process areas,
storage areas, utilities areas, administration and
service areas, and other areas shall be decided on the
bases of following factors:

:
.(

a) Soil characteristics.

. (

b) Main road, rail access ways, and jetty.

.(

c) Location of pipelines to and from plant.

.(

d) Direction of prevailing wind.

e) Local law and regulation which may affect the
location of units and storage facilities.

f) Natural elevation for location of upstream /

downstream units and equipment (such as feed and
product storage tanks, wastewater plant, oil/ water
separator, etc.) and arranged as follows:

.
) /
( /
:
( 1-

f.1) The process area shall be located in the most

convenient place for operating the process Unit. The
units shall be separated by roads. Major roads shall
have minimum width of 10 m., with maximum length
of 400 m. The minor roads shall have minimum width
of 6 m. (Minor roads shall not be in an area classified
as zone 0 or 1). A plant may contain one or several
process units. Where any unit processes flammable
fluids and may be operated independently ( i.e. one
unit may be shut down with others in operation ). The
minimum spacing between equipment on the two
adjacent units shall be at least 20 m.

.
10 .
. 400
) 6
.(
.

)
.(
. 20
( 2-

f.2) The storage area shall be located as far as

possible from buildings occupied by personnel at the
site, but should be located near the process area for
ready operation of the feed stocks and product rundowns.

.
( 3-

f.3) The utilities area shall be located beside the

process area for ready supply of utilities. Except
where they are an integral part of a process unit, site
utility units should be grouped together in an area
classified as non-hazardous.

.


.
16

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

( 4-

f.4) Loading and unloading area shall be located on a

corner of the site with capable connection to public
road directly, for inland traffics. Loading/unloading
areas for road transport shall have adequate space to
provide access for filling, parking and maneuvering.
A drive through rack arrangement is preferred. The
loading and unloading facilities should be downwind
or crosswind from process units and sources of
ignition, based on the direction of prevailing wind.
For marine transportation, the area shall be located on
the seaside or riverside in the plant site.

/ .

.
.


.
.
( 5-

f.5) The administration and service area shall be

located at a safe place on the site in order to protect
personnel from hazards. It shall preferably be located
near the main gate alongside the main road of the
plant.

.

.

f.6) Flare and burn pit shall be located at the end of

the site with sufficient distance to prevent personnel
hazard.

( 6-

f.7) Waste water treating Unit shall be located near at

the lowest point of the site so as to collect all of
effluent streams from the processing Unit.

( 7-

f.8) The process Unit to which the feed stock is

charged first, shall be located on the side near the
feed stock tanks, to minimize the length of the feed
line.

( 8-

f.9) The process Unit from which the final product(s)

is (are) withdrawn, shall be located on the side near
the products tanks to minimize the length of the
product run-down line.

( 9-

.
( 10-

F.10) Process Units in which large quantities of

utilities are consumed, should be preferably located
on the side near the utility center.

.
( 11-

f.11) Security fence

f.11.1) All sites ( plants or complex ) shall be within a
security fence.

( ) ( 1-11-

f.11.2) The minimum space between security fence

and units boundary shall be 20 m, and between
security fence and equipment shall be 30 m.

( 2-11-

.
. 30 20

17

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

( 3-11-

f.11.3) In case of special units such as flammable

material storage with vapor release and toxic
materials, minimum space shall be at least 60 m from
site boundaries adjacent to centers of population
(domestic, work or leisure ).

60
)
.(
( 12-

f.12) Fire water pumps and equipment shall be

sufficiently remote from processing, storage and
loading areas, where a major fire could occur. Fire
fighting system shall be designed in accordance with
IPS-E-SF-200

.
. IPS-E-SF-200
2-8

8.2 Roadways
1) Road and access ways shall offer easy access
for mobile equipment during construction and
maintenance, fire fighting and emergency escape
in a fire situation.

( 1

2) Unless otherwise specified by the Company, the

defined roads shall be made as stated in

( 2

" " IPS-E-CE-160
.

IPS-E-CE-160 "Geometric Design of Roads".

( 3

3) Access roads shall be at least 3 m from

processing equipment between road edges to
prevent vehicle collisions.

3
.
3-8

8.3 Piperacks and Sleepers

1-3-8

8.3.1 In general, piperack for process Units and pipe

sleepers for the off-site facilities shall be considered
as the principals support of the pipe way. Run pipe
lines overhead should be grouped in piperacks in a
systematic manner.

.
.
2-3-8

8.3.2 Pipe rack runs oriented in the same direction

shall be at consistent elevations. Pipe rack runs
oriented opposite to these runs shall be at other
elevations to accommodate crossing of lines at pipe
racks junctions and to accommodate branch line
intersections.

.


.

8.3.3 Single level pipe racks are preferred, if more

than one level is required, the distance between levels
oriented in the same direction shall be adequate for
maintenance but not less than 1.25 meters.

3-3-8

8.3.4 Minimum spacing between pipe centerlines

shall be in accordance with drawings number IPS-DPI-102, "Typical Unit Arrangement and Pipeway
Layout", and IPS-D-PI-103, "Pipeline Spacing".

4-3-8

. 1/25
"IPS-D-PI-102
IPS-D-PI-103 "
. " "

18

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

10 5-3-8

8.3.5 Maximum piperack widths shall be 10 m. If

widths larger than 10 m are required, the piperack
shall be designed to be of two stages. Actual widths
shall be 110% of the required widths or the required
widths plus 1m. In cases where air fin coolers are to
be placed on the piperacks, the piperack widths shall
be adjusted based on the length of the air coolers.

10
110 .
. 1


.

8.3.6 Avoid flat turns. When changing directions,

change elevation.

. 6-3-8

8.3.7 Allow ample space for routing instrument lines

and electrical conduit. Provide 25% additional space
for future instrument lines and electrical conduit
adjacent to that required.

7-3-8

8.3.8 Provide 20% additional space on the pipe rack

for future piping. This space shall be continued and
clear on each level for the full length of the rack. The
width allocation may be split in two sections but not
more than two.

20 8-3-8

.
25 .

.
.
.

.
4 9-3-8

8.3.9 Allow a continuous clear area of 4 meters high

by 4 meters wide below main racks in process Units
for maintenance access ways.

4
.

8.3.10 Pipe racks outside process areas shall have the

following
minimum
overhead
refinery/plant
clearances: main roadway :5 meters , access roads:4.5
meters, railroads :6.7 meters above top of rail.

10-3-8

8.3.11 Typical layout of piperack, for process plants

depending on the number of process Units
incorporated and the process complexities are given
in Figs. 1 through 4 with reference descriptions as
follow:

11-3-8

: /
6/7 4/5 5
.
4 1
:
1 " - ( "

a) "Single Rack Type" layout, in Fig.1 is suitable

for small scale process complex consisting of
two-three process Units. It is economical without
requiring any large area.

.
.

19

)IPS-E-PR-190(1

Mar. 2009 / 1387

Fig.1

1
( " "

b) "Comb Type" layout shown in Fig. 2, is

recommended for use in process, complex
consisting of three or more process Units.
"Single Rack Type" in this case will not be
suitable since separate maintenance and utility
administration in normal operation will be
difficult because of the utility and flare line
which are placed on the common rack.

2
" .
"



.

Fig.2

2
( " "

c) "Double Comb Type" layout is an expansion

of the "Comb Type" which is recommended for
the use in large scale process complexes where
five to ten process Units are to be arranged. This
layout as shown below in Fig. 3, can be
conveniently utilized.

" "

.
3
.

20

)IPS-E-PR-190(1

Mar. 2009 / 1387

Fig.3

3
( " "U 4

d) "U Type" layout shown in Fig. 4 is

recommended to be used in case of process Units
whose maintenance cannot be conducted
separately, within the complex. This type can be
regarded as an expansion of the "Single Rack
Type". Even process complexes of this nature,
can be regarded as one process Unit in the
planning of their layout.

.

" .

.

Fig.4

4
12-3-8

8.3.12 Location of piperacks shall be in general

agreement with the plot plan.

13-3-8

8.3.13 Overhead racks may contain more than

one level. For steel pipe racks, the height of

.
.
21

Mar. 2009 / 1387

levels shall have one of the following elevations:

IPS-E-PR-190(1)
.
7/80 6/20 4/60 (

a) Main pipe racks : 4.60, 6.20, 7.80 m

: 7/00 5/40 3/80(

b) Individual or secondary pipe rack: 3.80,

5.40, 7.00 m. Arrangement of pipe rack shall
be made in accordance with IPS Standard
Drawing IPS-D-PI-102. In special cases for
large size pipes or concrete pipe racks, the
distance between the various floors may be
increased.

. IPS-D-PI-102

.
14-3-8

8.3.14 The elevation of overhead pipe rack shall

be such to provide minimum free height access
as per Article 8.7 of this Specification.

7-8
.

8.3.15 Except for special cases, minimum width

of pipe rack shall be 6 m. The width of pipe rack
shall be designed to accommodate all pipes
involved plus 20% space for future expansion or
modification. Where the pipe rack supports air
coolers, the preferred width shall be the width of
air coolers.

6 15-3-8

8.3.16 In multi-level pipe racks, pipe carrying

corrosive fluids shall be on the lower level, and
utility lines should be at the upper floor. Large
size or heavy weight pipes shall be located at the
lower level and on extreme sides.

16-3-8

.
20
.
.
.

.
.

8.4 Layout of Control Room and Electrical

Sub-Station

4-8

8.4.1 General recommendations for spacing of

control room and substations in refineries,
petrochemical, utilities and pumps stations, etc.
shall be in accordance with the "Oil Insurance
Association" recommendation as given in
Appendix A.

1-4-8

8.4.2 In addition to item 8.4.1 above, the following

basic requirements shall also be met when
designing layout of control room....: and etc

1-4-8 2-4-8

"
."

....

a) The control room and substation shall be

located as close as possible to the plant
equipment, maintaining a minimum distance
from viewpoint of noise and safety
requirements.

b) The control rooms, and substation shall be

spaced at least 15 m, if not in contrary with
8.4.1 above, from the nearest process
equipment surface.

15
. 1-4-8

22

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

c) The control room and substation shall be

located with consideration to convenience in
daily operation.

d) The control room and substation shall be

located from an economical standpoint so as
to minimize the length of electrical and
instrument cables entering and leaving
therefore.

e) The control room shall be positioned so

that the operator can command a view of the
whole system which is under control. Large
buildings, or equipment shall not be placed in
front of the control room

.
.
5-8

8.5 Fire Fighting Requirements

8.5.1 Each individual process Unit shall be
provided with sufficient open spaces there
around that, fire trucks can be run and operated
thereat. The width of access way there to, shall
be 6 meters minimum.

1-5-8
.
. 6

8.5.2 Process Units consisting of large hazardous

material storage tanks should be located
desirably in outer area in the complex site,

2-5-8

8.5.3 High-pressure gas lines shall not pass

through a process area or run within 30 m of
important structures or equipment without
shutdown valve to insure that portions of piping
within the process area can be isolated from the
main gas line and depressurized in the event of
an emergency. However, extensive use of
shutdown valves may not be needed, since the
increased complexity of the system will require a
greater degree of preventive maintenance if
unwarranted shutdowns are to be avoided.
Shutoff valves, sometimes known as "station
isolation valves", shall be provided on all gas and
product pipelines into and out of the plant.

3-5-8

30
.


.

.


.
75
. 150


.

A bypass line with a normally shut valve may be

required between plant inlet and discharge lines.
All station isolation valves-and bypass valves, if
any should be located at a minimum distance of
75 m but not more than 150 m from any part of
the plant operations. Care should be taken in
locating these valves so that they will not be
exposed to damage by plant equipment or
vehicular traffic.

23

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

4-5-8

8.5.4 At least two remote emergency shutdown

stations, located at a minimum distance of 75m
apart, shall be provided. Locate actuating points
at least 30m from compressor buildings and highpressure gas lines. More than two shutdown
stations may be required, depending on the size
and complexity of a given plant. One of the
actuating stations shall be located in the control
room. It shall be distinctively marked and
equipped with signs stating the proper method of
actuation in the event of an emergency.

. 75
30
.
.
.

.

8.5.5
Wastewater
separators
handling
hydrocarbons should be spaced at least 30 m
from process unit equipment handling flammable
liquids and 60 m from heaters or other
continuous sources of ignition. Preferably,
wastewater separators should be located
downgrade of process equipment and tanks.

5-5-8

8.5.6 Fire training areas are ignition sources

when in use. Because of the smoke produced,
they can also create a nuisance for the refinery
and neighboring facilities. Fire training areas
shall be 60 m from process unit battery limits,
main control rooms, fired steam generators, fire
pumps, cooling towers and all types of storage
tanks. They shall also be 75 m from property
boundaries, administration , shops , and similar
buildings and from the main substation.

6-5-8

60 30
.

.
.
.
60

.
75
.
6-8

8.6 Building Requirements

1-6-8

8.6.1 Service buildings include offices, control

rooms, laboratories, houses, shops, warehouses,
garages, cafeterias and hospitals.

These structures and areas require protection of

personnel from possible fires and explosions of
major plant equipment and may require
additional spacing from high risk facilities.

8.6.2 The service buildings shall be located near

the entrance of the plant and be readily accessible
to a public road or highway.

2-6-8

8.6.3 Spacing at refineries, petrochemicals,

chemicals, and gas plants for buildings shall be in
accordance with Oil Insurance Association (OIA)
recommendation given in Appendix A, Tables A3, A-4, A-5 and A-6.

3-6-8

.

( OIA) " "
. 6- 5- 4- 3-
24

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)
7-8

8.7 Access Requirements

a) Access ways within the plant shall be
provided for maintenance, emergency case,
and for fire fighting from the road around the
plant. Piping system shall be laid in such a
way to make possible passage of mobile
equipment.

b) Operating passageway between equipment

or piping and adjacent equipment generally be
1050 mm minimum except when otherwise
shown on drawings.

c) Minimum widths of access way shall be as

follows:

:(

c.1) Vehicular access ways within units: 4.0 m

4 : ( 1-

c.2) Pedestrian access ways and elevated

walkway: 1.2 m

1/2 : ( 2-

.
.

. 1050

c.3) Stairways and platforms: 0.8 m

0/8 : ( 3-

c.4) Footpaths in tanks areas: 0.6 m

0/6 : ( 4-
1 : ( 5-

c.5) Maintenance access around equipment:

1m

6 : ( 6-

c.6) Fire truck access way: 6m

d) Minimum headroom clearance for access

ways shall be as follows:

i) Over railways or main road: 6.8 m

6/8 : ( i

ii) Over access roads for heavy trucks: 6 m

6 : ( ii

iii) For passage of truck: 4 m

4 : ( iii

iv) For passage of personnel: 2.1 m

2/1 : ( iv

v) Over fork-lift truck access: 2.7 m

2/7 : ( v
8-8

8.8 Preparation of Plot Plan Drawing

8.8.1 The general plot plan drawing shall give the
layout of the whole plant(s). It should be
prepared in accordance with one of the following
scales: 1 500 , 11000 , 1 2000 .

1-8-8

8.8.2 The following items shall be shown in plot

plan drawing:

. 2-8-8

.
1
500

1
1000

1
2000

a) Battery limits of complex (area boundary ).

(( )

b) Plant geographical and conventional north.

c) Elevation, with regard to the nominal plant

0 (zero) elevation.

(
25

Mar. 2009 / 1387

d) Coordinates of main roads, process units,
utility units, buildings, storage tanks and main
pipe rack.

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

(
.
.(

e) Location of flares and burn pit.

.(

f) Direction of prevailing wind.

E=0 N=0 :

Note: Plant coordinates may be started from

point N=0, and E=0.

.
-9

9. Layout In Process Units

1-9

9.1 General
9.1.1 In cases where process fluid is run by
gravity head, elevated layouts must be
considered. Unless there are any such limitations
as indoor arrangement and confined locations,
equipment shall be placed at grade as a rule
except in cases where gravity flow is specifically
required for any reason.

1-1-9

9.1.2 Since the directions of the incoming feed

stocks, outgoing products and utility supply are
determined on the overall plot plan, first the
direction of the piperack in the Unit shall be
decided.

2-1-9

.



.


.
3-1-9

9.1.3 Equipment shall be arranged to minimize

piping runs (particularly, for large-sized piping
and alloy piping) as far as possible. Clear access
ways having minimum width of 600 mm shall be
provided for the operators access around
equipment.

( )
.
600
.

9.1.4 Large capacity storage tanks containing

flammable and explosive fluids shall be located
in outer areas as far as possible.

4-1-9

9.1.5 Space shall be allowed for the provision of

future spare equipment. Consideration shall also
be given to future plant expansion.

5-1-9

9.1.6 The drawing shall be prepared in one of the

following scales: 11200 , 11500 .

. 6-1-9

9.1.7 The drawing shall show the following

items:

: 7-1-9

.
. .

1
1200

a) Conventional North.

1
1500

(
(

b) Coordinates of battery limits and roads.

c) Symbols for equipment and coordinates of

their centerlines.
26

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)
(

d) Finished floor elevation.

e) Equipment index list.

9.1.8 The area of any unit shall not exceed
20,000 m, and the length of each side should not
exceed 200 m.

20000 8-1-9

9.1.9 For units processing flammable fluids, the

central control building shall be adjacent to a
road. It shall not be located in any area classified
as zone 0 to 1 .

9-1-9

. 200

.
.
2-9

9.2 Process Requirements

9.2.1 Equipment shall be laid out along the flows
on the process flow diagram.

1-2-9

9.2.2 Especially, the fractionators and Their

reboiler, condensers and overhead receivers shall
be collectively located.

2-2-9

9.2.3 Gravity flow lines shall be laid out with

consideration given to related elevations, so that
their lengths will become minimum. Especially
in the case of lines in which liquids will flow
near at their boiling points, related equipment
shall be located close to each other so that the
lines need not be elevated.

3-2-9

9.2.4 Pieces of equipment which are to be

connected by large-size piping or alloy piping,
shall be located close to each other.

4-2-9

9.2.5 Air coolers shall be laid out so that no

heated air may be recirculated.

5-2-9

.

.
.


.

.
3-9

9.3 Safety Requirements

15 1-3-9

9.3.1 All process equipment should be kept at

least 15 meters from fired heaters. Exception are
permitted for certain pieces of equipment where
the heater in question is being used to heat the
process flow of the equipment and where any
leakage from the equipment would probably
ignite instantly, thus no additional fire hazard.
Such an exception is permitted when locating
reactors on a reforming Unit (an example). Each
exception must be individually investigated as to
its potential hazards and must not violate any
process practices in OGP plants and governing
codes.

.



.
.


.
2-3-9

9.3.2 Locate fire heaters on the side of the

process Unit from which the prevailing wind
blows. This is done to blow gas away from the

.
27

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

Mar. 2009 / 1387

heaters instead of towards them. Fired equipment
shall not be located in "Hazardous Area
Classification".

.
. " "

Generally, fired equipment shall be located at a

distance of more than 15 meters from any
sources of hazards (hot oil pumps, light end
pumps, compressors etc.).

15
)
. (

9.3.3 Emergency showers, if required in a certain

process, should be located as near the hazard as
possible and indicated in the Plot Plan.

3-3-9

9.3.4 Adequate and easy access and egress must

be considered for not only safety, but operation
and maintenance requirements.

4-3-9

9.3.5 Control rooms and their roadways shall not

be located in hazardous area, classified in project
specification; generally, they shall be located at a
distance of more than 15 meters from the nearest
equipment.

5-3-9

9.3.6 High pressure gas compressors shall be

located at leeward locations.

6-3-9

9.3.7 Large-Capacity hazardous material storage

tanks shall be located in outer areas as far as
possible.

7-3-9

9.3.8 Pumps intended to handle flammable

8-3-9

.

.

15
.
.
.

Materials (which fall under the control of the

hazardous area classification), shall be located on
the following basis.

USE OF PUMP

Cold oil pumps

) (
.

UNDER PIPERACK

Acceptable

Acceptable

Hot oil pumps*

Unacceptable**

*
Light end pumps****
****

UNDER AIR COOLED

EXCHANGERS

Unacceptable

**
Acceptable

Unacceptable ***

28

***

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

Notes:
* Hot oil means the oil whose operating
temperature is higher than auto-ignition point.

*
.

** A space of minimum 3 m shall be provided

from piperack, hot oil pumps can be located under
piperack, when the proper devices for fire
protection such as fire detector, water spray etc.,
are provided.

3 **

*** Light ends pumps shall not be located under

air cooled exchangers except where concrete
decks are provided under the air cooled
exchangers as shown in Fig. 5. Light ends pumps
can be located under air coolers without concrete
decks, when the proper devices for fire protection
are provided

***
.
5
.

.
****
120 110
.

**** Light ends means the fractional distillates

with BP range 110-120C, consisting mixtures of
benzenes, toluenes, xylenes, pyridine, phenol,
cresol, etc

9-3-9

9.3.9 Fired heater stacks shall be located at such

points that the performance of the air coolers and
operators on tower tops may not be adversely
affected by hot flue gas emitted through them: the
directions of prevailing wind shall be taken into
consideration in the determination of the stack
locations. .

.
.

If this problem cannot be settled in the equipment

layout, the heights of the heater stacks shall be
increased or a common stack shall be provided

29

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

Mar. 2009 / 1387

Fig. 5-LAYOUT OF FLAMMABLE MATERIAL PUMPS

-5

10-3-9

9.3.10 In layout design for safety and fire protection

requirements consideration of NFPA Codes,
Standards and recommendations as specified in
Appendix A, Table A-1 is strongly recommended
along with requirements specified under Clause 9
hereto.

NFPA
1-
. 9

9.3.11 All Units in which heaters exist shall be

collectively located on the windward side of their
process Units. If this is impracticable the leeward
heater shall be located at a distance of more than 15
m from the windward equipment

11-3-9

9.3.12 Process Units in which poisonous gas is to be

handled, shall be located leewards.

12-3-9

9.3.13 Desirably, process Units in which high

pressure gas is to be handled, should be located lee
wards

13-3-9

.
15
.
.
.
4-9

9.4 Basic Design Considerations

1-4-9

9.4.1 The equipment spacing distances tabulated in

Tables A-4, A-5 of Appendix A of this Standard
30

Mar. 2009 / 1387

Specification are general recommendation for
minimum requirements and are based on the
following:

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

5- 4-

.
.(

a) To permit access for fire fighting.

b) To permit access for normal operation and
maintenance.

.(

c) To permit access for operation to perform

emergency shutdown action in fire situation.

d) To ensure that critical emergency facilities are

not subject to fire damage.

e) To separate continuous ignition sources from

possible sources of release of flammable
materials.

f) To allow for likely additional equipment that

may be added at some time during the life of the
plant.

g) To consider recommendations of NFPA Codes,

Standards and Regulations for safety and fire
protection.

NFPA (

.
.
.

.
2-4-9

9.4.2 Where spacing is reduced significantly below

the recommended distances, it is usually necessary to
compensate for the increased degree of risk by
providing additional safety features such as
emergency shutdown facilities, fireproofing, water
sprays, etc. Reduction below the recommended
spacing shall require the Companys approval.

.
.
3-4-9

9.4.3 Location of such equipment as, fired heaters,

heat exchangers, towers, vessels, drums, pumps and
compressors shall be in general agreement with the
plot plan.

.
4-4-9

9.4.4 Space around equipment must be left for items

like pipe supports, control valve manifolds, hose
station etc where required.

.
5-4-9

9.4.5 Consideration of following factors which affect

spacing and layout may justify deviations from the
basic requirement:

a) Physical limitations of site available.

b) Special hazards.
c)Flexibility-Space
expansion.

(
requirement

for

future
31

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

d) Topography and prevailing winds.

e) Environmental considerations.

(
(

f) Location conditions.

g) Association with the type of adjacent property.

6-4-9

9.4.6 Erection and maintenance requirements

1-6-4-9

9.4.6.1 Special maintenance requirements for each

item of equipment in a given process shall be
considered. For example, most machines that consist
principally of a stirring mechanism require space for
removal of the impeller shaft, large compressors and
crashers need floor or ground area for laying down
components during maintenance.

.



.

9.4.6.2 Process Units consisting of large equipment

shall be located in outer areas in the complex site, so
that sufficient spaces will be available for their
haulage and erection.

2-6-4-9

9.4.6.3 Sufficient access areas shall be provided

around each individual Unit for use in the operation
of mobile cranes.

3-6-4-9

9.4.6.4 Process Units which will require maintenance

specially separately from other Units shall be
provided with a minimum spacing of 6 meters
between them and the nearest Unit

4-6-4-9

9.4.6.5 Space requirements for maintenance access

shall be in conformity with Codes, Standards and
Regulation set forth in Appendix A, Table A.2 .

5-6-4-9

.

.
6
.

. 2-
6-6-4-9

9.4.6.6 Sufficient access spaces shall be provided

around large-size equipment (for instance, main
columns, reactors, coke chambers, etc.) for use in
haulage and erection. In cases where gin-poles are to
be used, spaces will be required to haul the
equipment and to assemble and disassemble the ginpoles and to provide guy wire anchors. These access
spaces shall be consulted by construction engineer.

( )
.


.
.
7-6-4-9
.


( 5 )
.

9.4.6.7 An open space shall be provided on one side

of the equipment for crane access. In the case of air
coolers placed on piperacks, if equipment is
installed on both sides of the air coolers, access ways
(whose minimum width shall be 5 m) shall be
provided at a proper interval on one side of the air
32

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

coolers. If no such access can be provided, trolley

beams shall be installed over the air coolers for use
in bundle maintenance.

9.4.6.8 An open space shall be provided under the

tower top davit as a tower internal maintenance area.

8-6-4-9

9.4.6.9 A working area required for catalyst loading

and unloading shall be provided.

9-6-4-9

9.4.6.10 Shell-and-tube heat exchangers shall be

located collectively at one point as far as possible
and their tube bundle pulling area (tube bundle
length + min 2 m) shall be provided thereat.

10-6-4-9

.
.

)
. ( 2
11-6-4-9

9.4.6.11 Horizontal coil arrangement (fired) heaters

require a mechanical cleaning and tube pulling area.

.
12-6-4-9

9.4.6.12 Generally, pumps shall be located collectively under piperacks. However, this requirement
need not be applied to pumps whose suction line
lengths must be minimized in connection with the
process performance.

.

.

9.4.6.13 Compressors of large capacity shall be

sheltered unless otherwise requested by the
Company.

13-6-4-9

Permanent gantry cranes may be provided for the

compressors if necessary and an open space shall be
provided on one side of the shelter.

7-4-9

9.4.7 Operational requirements

9.4.7.1 Clear access ways (whose minimum widths
shall be 600 mm) shall be provided as operators
access around each individual item of equipment. No
auxiliaries and accessories, such as piping and
instruments shall be present in the access ways.

) 1-7-4-9

9.4.7.2 Entrances of structure ladders shall be located

on the side near the control room.

2-7-4-9

9.4.7.3 Stages and platforms through which patrol

personnel will frequently pass, shall be provided
with stairways. Patrol routes shall be considered in
the preparation of the plot plan.

3-7-4-9

( 600
.

.
.
.

.
8-4-9

9.4.8 Economic requirements

1-8-4-9

9.4.8.1 The following shall be considered for cost

reduction purposes:

:
33

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)
(

a) minimize piping lengths;

b) minimize piperack lengths;

c) minimize common duct lengths;

.(

d) minimize cable lengths.

/ 9-4-9

9.4.9 Distances/clearances requirements

1-9-4-9

9.4.9.1 Not in contrary with spacing requirements

indicated in Appendix A, Tables A-4, A-5, A-6 and
in Tables A-7, A-8, A-9 and A-10 of Appendix A,
the data given below are typical distances between
equipment surface to equipment surface, and
clearances which must be adjusted based on the
result of piping layout at detail planning stage:

8- 7- 6- 5- 4-
10- 9-


.

a) Distances between individual equipment:

(
" 3 " 1-

a-1 Column to column 3 meters

" 2 " 2-

a-2 Drum to drum 2 meters

" 1 " 3-

a-3 Exchanger shell to exchanger shell 1 meter

: )( 4-
3/7

a-4 Pump to pump (foundation) for;

- Small pumps, 3.7 kW & less mount on common
foundations with suitable center to center
distances.

- Medium pumps, 22.5 kW & less 1 meter

" 1 " 22/5 -

- Large pumps, above 22.5 kW 1.5 meters

" 1/5 " 22/5 -

b) Distance of equipment to other boundaries

and facilities:

:(

b-1 Exchangers to other equipment 1 meter

minimum clear aisle

1 1-

b-2 Piperack to equipment 6 meters (except

flamm- able material pumps)

) 6 2-
(
5 3-

b-3 Piperack to structure 5 meters

4-
( ) 3

b-4 Driver end of pumps to truck 3 meters.

access, (if required)

34

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)
5-9

9.5 Equipment Layout and Spacing

1-5-9

9.5.1 Reactors
9.5.1.1 Adequate space shall be provided for
handling and storing catalysts (both fresh and spent),
chemicals, hydrogen, nitrogen, etc., including truck
access where appropriate.

1-1-5-9

9.5.1.2 In general, maximum use of mobile

equipment shall be made for transporting and
handling these commodities.

2-1-5-9

.
.
2-5-9

9.5.2 Towers

1-2-5-9

9.5.2.1 Towers closely related with processing

equipment such as overhead condensers, overhead
receivers, or reboilers, etc., shall be arranged
adjacent to each other.

9.5.2.2 The location of the tower shall be studied

with consideration to the transportation route and
erection procedure.

2-2-5-9

9.5.2.3 Space shall be provided for assembling and

disassembling tower internals such as trays,
demisters, etc.

3-2-5-9

9.5.2.4 Where two (2) or more towers are installed,

their center-lines shall be aligned parallel with the
piperack, except those small in diameter which may
be grouped and aligned perpendicularly to the
piperack.

4-2-5-9

9.5.2.5 Towers and drums shall be lined up on the

basis of centerlines.

5-2-5-9

9.5.2.6 Self-standing towers exceeding 30 in L/D,

may require support structures. Hence, in the case of
such towers, the equipment design engineer in
charge shall be contacted in advance with the
Company for confirmation.

L/D 6-2-5-9

.



.
.
. 30

.
3-5-9

9.5.3 Fired equipment

9.5.3.1 Furnaces and boilers shall be located on the
windward side of the plant to avoid contact with
flammable gases (light hydrocarbon) which may leak
out.

1-3-5-9

9.5.3.2 Space for maintaining furnace tubes shall be

provided. Fired equipment shall not be located in a
Class-1Division 2 area of "Hazardous Area Classification"(See IPS-E-EL-110, Hazardous area.

2-3-5-9

. ) (

.
.
( IPS-E-EL-110 )
35

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

9.5.3.3 Where practical and economical, isolating

fired equipment shall preferably be grouped together.
Where a common stack shall be employed, isolating
dampers or suitable barriers may be provided in
individual ducting to the stack.

3-3-5-9

9.5.3.4 Heaters should be located near the edge of a

process area rather than in the center of the area. This
provides more area for maintenance and helps isolate
them from other equipment. In many places it is now
necessary to have tall stacks. To minimize cost, a
common tall stack can be used for all heaters and
must be located in one area or at least in clusters.

4-3-5-9

.


.
.

.



.

.

This can be a major factor in layout and must be

resolved early.
9.5.3.5 Tube pulling areas shall not encroach on any
main roadways or other process areas.

5-3-5-9

9.5.3.6 Good drainage shall be provided around and

under fired heaters to direct any liquid spills to a safe
location.

6-3-5-9

9.5.3.7 Generally, fired equipment shall be placed at

a minimum distance specified in Appendix A Tables
A-4, A-5 , A-6 of this Specification as the case may
employs. However fired equipment may be placed
within 15 meters from a source of hazard depending
upon the requirement of process design.

7-3-5-9

9.5.3.8 The layout and design of heaters shall

normally be such that the tube removal can be
effected by mobile lifting equipment, for which there
shall be proper access..

8-3-5-9

.

.
6- 5- 4-
.

. 15

.
)9-3-5-9

9.5.3.9 Burner utilities headers (fuel oil, fuel gas,

atomization steam) shall be arranged with a vertical
bundle along furnace walls.

(
.
10-3-5-9

9.5.3.10 The set of valves controlling the feeding of

smothering steam shall be located in a safe location
at least at a distance of 15 meters from the furnace

15
.

36

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)
4-5-9

9.5.4 Heat exchangers

9.5.4.1 Heat exchangers should be located close to
the related vessels or equipment. Some items such as
bottoms coolers may be placed away from the
vessels.

1-4-5-9

9.5.4.2 Horizontal clearance between heat exchanger

shells and between heat exchangers and major
equipment, for access purposes, shall be a minimum
of 1.0 meter in any direction.

2-4-5-9

.

.

.

9.5.4.3 Where there is a plural number of heat

exchangers, the centerlines of their channel nozzles
shall be aligned as a rule.

3-4-5-9

9.5.4.4 Piping around heat exchangers and its

relevant equipment in high pressure/temperature
service, shall be provided with sufficient flexibility
against thermal stress.

4-4-5-9

9.5.4.5 Clearance around heat exchangers shall be

adequate to permit safe installation and removal of
bolting, and also pulling out bundles.

5-4-5-9

9.5.4.6 Where air fins are used extensively they may

actually determine the unit length. Air fins should
not be located close to heater.

6-4-5-9

9.5.4.7 Where air cooled heat exchangers are

installed on piperacks or structures, adequate space
shall be provided around them to perform
maintenance work.

7-4-5-9

.

.
.
.

.
8-4-5-9

9.5.4.8 Attention shall be paid to prevent hot air

being taken into air cooled heat exchangers from
other adjacent high temperature equipment since the
atmospheric temperature at the suction side is the
design base for the air cooled heat exchangers.

.
9-4-5-9

9.5.4.9 Air cooled exchangers should all be located

at the same level within a unit unless they are so
widely separated that one will not be able to suck up
the discharged air from another one.

9.5.4.10 Thermosyphon reboilers shall be located

next to the related vessels.

10-4-5-9

9.5.4.11 In general, the layout of exchangers shall be

such as to lend itself to the maximum use of mobile
handling facilities. Built-in facilities such as davits,
trolley beams, etc. shall be provided for
exchangers located in elevated structures, and in

11-4-5-9

.( THERMOSYPHON)

.

37

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

cases where access by mobile handling facilities can

not be provided.

9.5.4.12 Inlet water lines to heat exchangers shall

have as a minimum flanged and figure 8 blinds at
main water inlet.

12-4-5-9

9.5.4.13 The location of air cooled heat exchangers

shall be specifically considered with respect to any
areas of special fire risk.

13-4-5-9

.

.
:
-

Such consideration shall include:

- The effect of the exchanger on air movement
and increased fire spread.

- The possibility of failure of exchanger tubes

releasing more combustible fluid to the fire.

14-4-5-9

9.5.4.14 Air cooled heat exchangers may be located

above piperacks, where practicable and economical.

.
7/5 15-4-5-9

9.5.4.15 Air cooler shall not be located within 7.5 m

horizontally from pumps on hydrocarbon service,
and where practicable be at least 20 m horizontally
from fired heaters, to minimize the possibility of
circulation of hot air

20

.
16-4-5-9

9.5.4.16 Shell and tube heat exchanger shall be

located so that, when their tube bundles are
withdrawn, they do not project into an emergency
escape route or any road with unrestricted vehicle
access. They shall be so arranged that can be readily
dismantled for cleaning and maintenance.

.

.
17-4-5-9

9.5.4.17 Tube pulling space in front of exchangers

shall be approximately 1 times the tube length.
When two banks of exchangers face each other, the
clear space between channel ends shall be
approximately 2 times the tube length.

. 1/5

. 2
18-4-5-9

9.5.4.18 Shell and tube heat exchangers shall be

located collectively, at one point as far as possible,
and their tube bundle pulling area shall be provided
(tube bundle length + min. 2m)

)
( 2

38

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

19-4-5-9

9.5.4.19 Working platforms for the removal of shell

cover, channel or channel cover shall be provided
only when the centerline distance of the exchanger is
more than 3.70 m above grade or platform.

. 3/7

9.5.4.20 Large diameter stacked exchangers shall be

limited to 2 shells high with a minimum centerline
elevation of 3.70 m above grade.

20-4-5-9

9.5.4.21 Stacking of small diameter exchangers shall

be limited to a maximum elevation of 3.7 m above
grade.

21-4-5-9

3/7 2
.
. 3/7
5 -5-9

9.5.5 Vessels and drums

9.5.5.1 Vessels and drums shall principally be laid
out as close as possible to the related equipment.

1 -5-5-9

9.5.5.2 Where horizontal drums are arranged near a

pipe way, the horizontal centerline of the drums shall
be located at right angles to the pipe way.

2 -5-5-9

9.5.5.3 The centerlines of vertical drums which are

located adjacent to vertical type equipment shall be
aligned with the centerline of the said vertical
equipment.

3-5-5-9

.

.

.
6 4-5-5-9

9.5.5.4 For spacing of drums see Fig.6 and Table

A-8

. 8-
6-5-9

9.5.6 Pumps
9.5.6.1 Pumps shall be located as a group where
feasible to facilitate their operation and maintenance

1-6-5-9

9.5.6.2 Pumps shall be located so that the suction

lines are short.

2-6-5-9

9.5.6.3 Pumps shall generally be located in a row or

rows under or adjacent to the piperacks. The drivers
shall be located toward the center of the piperack.

3-6-5-9

9.5.6.4 Some pumps, such as vacuum column

bottoms pumps may be located closer to the
equipment they take suction from and dont conform
to 9.5.6.3 above.

4-6-5-9

9.5.6.5 Aisles between rows of pumps shall be 3

meters minimum (clear).

) ( 5-6-5-9

9.5.6.6 The suggested spacing for pumps requiring a

0.5 meters to 1.0 meter wide foundation is 2 meters
center to center. (A range of 1.5 to 3.0 meters is
acceptable).

6-6-5-9

.
.
.
.

. 3-6-5-9

. 3
) 2 1 0/5
.( 3 1/5

39

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

9.5.6.7 The location of small chemical pump, (in line

and injection pumps) is governed by the above
minimums.

7-6-5-9

9.5.6.8 Pump house spacing where feasible shall be

conform to distances given in Tables A-3, A-4, A-5
of Appendix A in respective with OGP plants.

8-6-5-9

9.5.6.9 Pumps should generally be located in the

open area, at grade level. Adequately ventilated
shelters shall be provided for large machines
requiring in-site maintenance.

9-6-5-9

5- 4- 3-
.
.
.

9.5.6.10 All pumps shall be accessible for operation

and maintenance. Adequate space for lifting and
handling facilities for maintenance shall be provided.

10-6-5-9

9.5.6.11 Pumps should be located and specified so

that an acceptable NPSH can be obtained without
undue elevation of suction vessels or columns.
Pumps on flammable or toxic duties shall not be
located in pits to meet this requirement.

11-6-5-9

.
.
NPSH
.
.

9.5.6.12 In flammable fluid service, the horizontal

distance between the related pump and adjacent heat
source of 650C or more shall be 30 meters min.

12-6-5-9

9.5.6.13 Suction and discharge valves at pumps

should, if possible, be accessible for operation
without the use of chains or extension stems.

13-6-5-9

9.5.6.14 Suction lines from source above pump

should preferably be stepped continuously downward
toward the pump. Suction lines from source below
pump should preferably be stepped continuously
upward toward the pump.

14-6-5-9

30 650
.

.
.

.

9.5.6.15 Arrangement of pump piping with large

common suction and discharge headers shall be
carefully designed and anchored to eliminate the
possibility of throwing any stresses on pumps
including the case when one pump is being
disconnected.

15-6-5-9

9.5.6.16 Horizontal pumps shall preferably be

located below the side portal frames of pipe rack,
with the motor side below the pipe rack and the
hydraulic
section
towards
the
outside.
Notwithstanding
above,
pumps
handling
hydrocarbons shall not be located below the part of
pipe rack while air cooler are installed above. As
regards those pumps handling light and heavy
hydrocarbons or flammable materials (which fall
under the control of the Hazardous Area
Classification), shall be located on the basis

16-6-5-9

.

.

)
40

Mar. 2009 / 1387

mentioned in Article 9.3.8 of this Specification.

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

8-3-9 (
.
17-6-5-9

9.5.6.17 All pipes and accessories shall be located so

as to leave access, to at least one of the long sides, to
the pump-motor set and to the motor.

.
7-5-9

9.5.7 Compressors
9.5.7.1 Where there are several large compressors in
a Unit, it is economical for operation and
maintenance to locate them in one area.

1-7-5-9

9.5.7.2 Compressor orientation should consider the

possibility of major mechanical failure in relation to
surrounding equipment.

2-7-5-9

.

.
3-7-5-9

9.5.7.3 Access for firefighting must be available

from at least two sides of the building.

.
4-7-5-9

9.5.7.4 Associated inter-coolers, knockout drums,

etc. may be located in the compressor area provided
that they do not restrict access for fire fighting and
maintenance.

( K.O.D.)

.

9.5.7.5 Large capital investments such as major

equipment and compressors shall be protected from
fires involving other equipment.

5-7-5-9

9.5.7.6 Compressors shall be located adjacent to an

access way for ease of maintenance.

6-7-5-9

.
.
7-7-5-9

9.5.7.7 Space shall be provided, at grade, next to the

compressors for the manifold piping and
compressors auxiliary equipment, such as suction
drums and intercoolers.

9.5.7.8 Compressors shall be located to minimize the

pressure drop at the suction side.

8-7-5-9

9.5.7.9 Compressors shall be located as close as

possible to the control room and sub-station, since a
large amount of electrical and instrument cabling is
required for the compressors.

9-7-5-9

9.5.7.10 Sufficient space shall be provided around

compressors to permit maintenance.

10-7-5-9

9.5.7.11 Gas compressor house shall be located in

distance with service building and other locations in
conformity with Appendix A, Tables A-3, A-4 and
A-5 in respective with OGP process plant.

11-7-5-9

.

.

.
5- 4- 3-
.
41

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

9.5.7.12 Generally, compressors shall be installed

outdoors. In case a shelter is required, the ventilation
of room shall be taken into consideration.

. 12-7-5-9

9.5.7.13 Minimum spacing between gas compressor

and open flames shall be 30 m.

13-7-5-9

9.5.7.14 Piping at compressors shall be sufficiently

flexible to impose no undue stress on cylinders
during operation. Anchors and hold downs, as
required for a good piping system, shall be installed
to reduce vibration and stresses. Sleeper support
shall be spaced unevenly to prevent harmonic
vibration.

14-7-5-9

.
. 30

.

.
.
15-7-5-9

9.5.7.15 A temporary startup suction strainer, with

screen of suitable mesh shall be installed at each inlet
nozzle.

.
16-7-5-9

9.5.7.16 All operating valves in compressor piping,

where possible, shall be accessible from compressor
slab, walkway or grade, and grouped together for
maximum ease of operation.

.
17-7-5-9

9.5.7.17 Discharge check valves on air compressors

shall be installed as near to the compressor as
possible.

.
18-7-5-9

9.5.7.18 Spiral wound gaskets which are used on

flanged connections to reciprocating compressors
must have internal retaining rings, and used at raised
face flanged connections only.

.
/ 8-5-9

9.5.8 Storage vessels/tanks

1-8-5-9

9.5.8.1 Location, layout and spacing of storage

vessels/tanks shall be subject to the following
mandatory requirement.

: /
1-1-8-5-9

9.5.8.1.1 Vessels shall be located to permit

maximum dissipation of vapors by free circulation of
air. Ground contours and other obstacles shall be
taken into account for their effects on air circulation.

.
)(
.
2 2-1-8-5-9

9.5.8.1.2 Vessels shall be arranged in rows not more

than two deeps. Every vessel shall be adjacent to a
road or access way.

.
.
3-1-8-5-9

9.5.8.1.3 A firewater system must be provided,

otherwise more stringent requirements apply.

.
42

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

9.5.8.1.4 The minimum spacing from vessels to

boundaries or between vessels and other facilities
shall be as given in Table A-7 and/or in accordance
with the latest editions of NFPA 30 .

4-1-8-5-9

9.5.8.1.5 Spill control shall be accomplished by dike

enclosure. The volume of dikes shall be divided upon
in accordance with NFPA 30. Dike arrangement and
design shall be in accordance with NFPA 30 and the
following IPS Standards / requirments:

. 5-1-8-5-9

IPS-G-ME-100 Atmospheric above ground welded

steel storage tanks

IPS-G-ME-100

/ 7-
. NFPA 30

NFPA 30
NFPA .

:( IPS) 30

IPS-E-EL-110

IPS-E-EL-110 Hazardous area

IPS-C-ME-120

IPS-C-ME-120 aviation turbine fuel storage tanks

IPS-C-ME-130 Pressure storage & spheres (for LPG)

(LPG )IPS-C-ME-130

IPS-E-PR-360 Process design of liquid & gas

transfer & storage

IPS-E-PR-360
:(

a) Doom roof tanks: one vessel diameter

3 4 :(

b) Spheres or spheroids: 3/4 vessel diameter

: (

c) Doom roof tanks and spheres or spheroids: one

vessel diameters

9.5.8.1.6 Piping to columns should drop or rise

immediately after the nozzle and run parallel and
close to the column. For ease of support a number of
lines can be routed together, parallel in one plane.

6-1-8-5-9

9.5.8.1.7 If a tall slender vessel (L/D > 10) is

susceptible to aerodynamic oscillations, the piping
platforms and ladders of the top of the vessel shall be
located such that the platform projected area against
wind is kept at minimum.

( L/D>10) 7-1-8-5-9

.

.


.
8-1-8-5-9

9.5.8.1.8 Pressure vessels which are grouped

together should have platforms and interconnecting
walkways at the same elevation. The number of
stairways and ladders to the platforms shall be
sufficient to meet safety requirements.

.
.
20 2-8-5-9

9.5.8.2 For atmospheric storage tanks designed for

20 kPa or less containing flammable and combustible
liquids:

:
1 -2-8-5-9

9.5.8.2.1 Tanks containing crude or low-flash stocks

shall be located in areas remote from process Units,
property lines and other areas of high occupancy.

.
43

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

2 -2-8-5-9

9.5.8.2.2 The minimum spacing from atmospheric

tanks to boundaries or other facilities shall be as
specified in Appendix A, Table A-8 and/or Tables A4, A-5, A-6 applicable.

8-
. 6- 5- 4- /

9.5.8.2.3 Tanks for crude of low-flash stocks shall be

arranged in rows not more than two deep. Every tank
shall be adjacent to a road or access way.

3 -2-8-5-9

9.5.8.2.4 Tanks for high flash stocks shall be

arranged in rows not more than three deep. None of
the tanks shall be more than one row away from a
road or access way.

4 -2-8-5-9

.
.
3
.
.

9.5.8.2.5 Minimum spacing between atmospheric

storage tanks shall be as specified in Appendix A,
Table A.9 and/or Tables A.4, A.5, A.6 where
applicable.

5 -2-8-5-9

9.5.8.2.6 Dike enclosures shall be accomplished for

spill control. Dike design and arrangement shall be
made in accordance with NFPA 30 requirement and
as per IPS-G-ME-100. In case of any contradiction
between requirements of NFPA 30 and these IPS
specifications, NFPA 30 requirements shall govern.

( DIKE) 6-2-8-5-9

/ 9-
. 6- 5- 4-

.
IPS-G-ME-100 NFPA 30
NFPA 30 .
. NFPA 30 IPS
48 7-2-8-5-9

9.5.8.2.7 For tanks with diameter less than 48 m,

individual bounded compounds are not required, but
for each crude oil tank with a diameter of 48 m or
greater, a separate bounded compound shall be
provided. In no case shall the number of tanks in any
bounded compound exceed 6; nor shall the total
capacity exceed 60,000 m.

48
.
. 6
. 60000

Intermediate walls of lesser height than the main

bunds may be provided to divide tankage into groups
of a convenient size to contain small spillage and act
as firebreaks.

.
8-2-8-5-9

9.5.8.2.8 Pumps associated with tankage operation

shall not be located inside a bounded tank
compound.

9.5.8.3 For non-refrigerated pressure storage vessels,

designed for 20 kPa or greater containing flammable
liquid or liquefied compressed gases:

3-8-5-9

9.5.8.3.1 Vessels shall be located to permit

maximum dissipation of vapors by free circulation of
air. Ground contours and other obstacles shall be
taken into account for their effects on air circulation.

1-3-8-5-9

20
:
.
)(
.
44

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

9.5.8.3.2 Spheres and spheroids shall be arranged in

rows not more than two deeps. At least one side of
every vessel shall be adjacent to a road or access
way.

2-3-8-5-9

9.5.8.3.3 The minimum spacing between the vessels

and boundaries, or between the vessels and other
facilities, shall be as specified in Appendix A Table
A-10 provided that not to be in contrary with those
specified in Appendix A, Tables A-4, A-5 and A-6.

3-3-8-5-9

.

.
10-
-
. 6- 5- 4

9.5.8.3.4 Pressure storage LP-gas tanks may not be

provided with spill dikes. However, a dividing bond
of 600 mm must be provided between each vessel.
Such bonds must not be totally enclosed.

4-3-8-5-9

9.5.8.3.5 Location of LP-gas storage tanks shall be in

accordance with the latest edition of NFPA 59.

5-3-8-5-9

9.5.8.3.6 Spacing between pressure storage vessels

shall be as follows:

6-3-8-5-9

.
600
. .
. NFPA 59
:

a) Between any two spheres and spheroids shall

not be less than vessel diameter.

b) Between shells of any two drums, spacing shall

not be less than one shell diameter.

c) Between heads of horizontal vessels/drums,

spacing shall not be less than as indicated in Fig.
6.

/(

. 3 4
.
. 6
7-3-8-5-9

9.5.8.3.7 Spill controls shall be made by dikes and

toe walls. Dike arrangement and design shall be
decided on the basis of requirement of NFPA 30 and
IPS-G-ME-100.

.
IPS-G-ME-100 NFPA 30
.

45

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

Mar. 2009 / 1387

Three Drums Or More In A Row

Two Drums In A Row

Fig. 6- SPACING BETWEEN HORIZONTAL VESSEL/DRUMS

/ -6
:

a : Sufficient distance to permit access by fire

fighting equipment

b : One shell diameter of larger vessel

9.5.8.3.8 For LPG tanks, any site boundary to
third party property shall have such a distance
that the radiation at ground level, in the event of
ignition of the leakage from a single relief valve
and/or from a fire in a spill contaminated area,
shall not exceed 4.7 kW/m. The ground level
radiation shall be calculated using the method in
API Recommended Practice 521, Appendix A.

LPG 8-3-8-5-9

9.5.8.3.9 In sour NGL storage tanks in addition to

heat radiation mentioned in Article 9.5.8.3.8
above, safe distance with regard to H2S
contaminated area shall be considered.

NGL 9-3-8-5-9

9.5.8.3.10 In general, vessel orientation and piping

shall be kept as uniform as possible in the
arrangement of vessel components. For example,
all ladders, manholes, platform, level controllers,
gage glasses, etc. should have a similar
orientation throughout the entire plant, if possible.

10-3-8-5-9

/
4/7
.
API RP 521/Appendix. A
.
8-3-8-5-9
. H2S
.

....
.
46

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

11-3-8-5-9

9.5.8.3.11 All vertical vessel operating valves or

equipment which must be manipulated or
serviced during operation shall be accessible from
ladders or platforms. Horizontal vessels 3.70m or
less from grade to top of vessel will be serviced
by portable ladder. Horizontal vessels having
valves or equipment higher than 3.70 m above
grade shall be provided with permanent ladder.
Horizontal vessels with manholes, or control
stations on top of the vessel higher than 3.7 m
above grade shall also be provided with platform
for access to these items.

)(
.
3/7
.
3/7
.
3/7
.

9.5.8.3.12 Maximum length of ladders on vertical

vessels shall be 9.00 m, between landing
platforms.

9 12-3-8-5-9

9.5.8.3.13 Manholes in both vertical and

horizontal vessels will not require platforms when
the centerline elevation is 4.5m or less from
grade, unless a platform is required at manhole
elevation for access to level instruments or other
connection, in which case the platform should be
extended to reach the manhole where this
extension is 1.5 m or less.

13-3-8-5-9

4/5

.
1/5
.
14-3-8-5-9

9.5.8.3.14 Davits or trolley beams shall be

provided on vessels over 9m (30 feet) height
where the weight of removable internal and/or
external equipment, such as relief valves, is
greater than 90 kg (200 pounds). Also vessels
with any type of packing (e.g. catalyst, desiccant,
packing, etc) shall be equipped with davits or
trolley beams. Where lifting cannot be reasonably
accomplished by a 1/2 ton chain block, a flame
proof hoist shall be provided for each case .

( 30) 9
/
( 200) 90
) .
(
.
1/2
.
9-5-9

9.5.9 Air intakes and discharges

1-9-5-9

9.5.9.1 Air intakes, including intakes to heating

and ventilating system, air compressors for
process, instrument, plant and breathing air and to
gas turbines shall be located as far as is
practicable away from areas where air
contamination by dust or by flammable or toxic
material can occur. They shall not be located in
any area classified as zone 0, 1 or 2 (except for
gas turbine air intakes which shall be in
accordance with manufacturers requirement), nor
located above or below an area classified as zone
0, or 1.

.
) 2 1
. (

. 1

47

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

Mar. 2009 / 1387

Note: Intakes and discharges shall be separated to

prevent cross contamination by recirculation,
taking into account natural wind effects. The
distance between intakes and discharges shall be
not less than 6 m.

.
. 6
-10

10. LAYOUT OF PIPING

1-10

10.1 General

1-1-10

10.1.1 In spacing and arrangement of piping, the

Codes and Standards, indicated herein below
shall apply:

.
ASME CODES B31.1 AND 31.3 NFPA PAMPHLETS 13 AND 14 -

- ASME Codes B31.1 and 31.3

- NFPA pamphlets 13 and 14
- IPS-E-SF-200,

MSS

- MSS Standards, P 58 and SP 60 - IPS-G-PI280

STANDARDS,

SP58

IPS-E-SF-200 AND SP 60 IPS-G-PI-280

2-1-10

10.1.2 Generally all process and utility piping

should be installed aboveground (except cooling
water supply and return lines where technically
and economically are justified to be
underground).

)

.(

10.1.3 Inside plants (process units and utilities

areas) piping should be routed on overhead pipe
bridges (piperack).

) 3-1-10

10.1.4 Equipment that is a potential source of fire

should not be located under piperack.

4-1-10

10.1.5 Fire fighting water lines if installed

aboveground, shall not run along pipe bridges or
pipe.

5-1-10

10.1.6 The piping layout should minimize piping

runs on very high pressure and corrosive/toxic
services such as acidic gases, and shall consider
economy,
accessibility
for
operation,
maintenance, construction and safety.

6-1-10

10.1.7 Outside plants and in the interconnection

areas (manifold, tank farms, flares, etc.) piping
shall preferably be installed on the ground on
concrete sleepers in piperacks.

) 7-1-10

10.1.8 Piping shall be grouped wherever

practicable at established elevations in one
direction and at other elevations for piping at
right angles, to provide for branch line
intersections and the crossing of lines.

8-1-10

(
. ) (
.
.



.
(
.

90
.
48

Mar. 2009 / 1387

Exceptions may be made for process reasons or

for economical reasons in systems involving alloy
or large diameter piping, in which flat turns may
be permitted or lines may be run diagonally.

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

.
9-1-10

10.1.9 Spacing for pipe supports carrying

multiple pipe lines shall in general be 7600 mm
maximum. Pickup supports clamped to a larger
pipe shall be used for intermediate support of
small piping as required. Spacing may be
increased for single lines 8 and larger, or for
multiple lines when none of the lines are smaller
than 8 . For allowable pipe spans see IPS-D-PI102

. 7600

.
8
8
IPS-D-PI-102 .
.
2-10

10.2 Requirements and Design Criteria

10.2.1 All equipment and piping shall be
indicated or accounted for on the layout. The
layout shall be made to scale.

1-2-10

10.2.2 Piping shall be routed in accordance with

the piping and instrumentation diagrams and
project specifications.

2-2-10

10.2.3 Piping shall be routed to provide

convenience, to provide ease of erection and
maintenance, and to provide consistency in
appearance. These requirements shall be met with
consideration given to economy.

3-2-10

. .

.( P&ID)

.
.

10.2.4 Piping shall be routed in groups overhead

wherever possible. Firewater and sewer systems
shall be buried. All piping shall be arranged to
avoid or minimize gas and liquid traps except
when noted otherwise on the piping and
instrumentation diagrams.

4-2-10

10.2.5 Piping shall be routed to permit normal

bends and offsets to take thermal expansion.
Where this is not sufficient, provide expansion
loops or other means to accommodate thermal
expansion.

5-2-10

.
.

.( P&ID)
.

.

10.2.6 Do not use trenches unless otherwise is

specified.

6-2-10

10.2.7 All branch lines off the instrument air,

steam and cooling water supply headers are taken
off the top of the header.

7-2-10

.
.

49

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

10.2.8 Overhead clearance should be provided

above access areas of 2.2 meters minimum.

2/2 8-2-10

10.2.9 Clear gap between under ground pipes

shall be 300 mm minimum. Clearance for above
ground is normal-flange to bare pipe (or
insulation) plus
25 mm.

300 9-2-10

.
.
25 ) (
.

10.2.10 Operating drains shall be so arranged that

the discharge is visible from the drain valve.

10-2-10

10.2.11 Uninsulated lines lie directly on the pipe

support member. Heat insulated lines set on 100
mm (4 inch) "T" Bar supports (shoes). Adjust
height if insulation is greater than 100 mm thick.

11-2-10

.
T .
. ( 4) 100 ()
100
.

11. Utility Layout And Spacing

-11

11.1 Requirements and Design Criteria

1-11

11.1.1 The utility area should be near the process

area.

. 1-1-11

11.1.2 The utility area should be arranged for

easy access and adequate working area provided
around all equipment, for maintenance.

2-1-11

11.1.3 The cooling tower should be located to

provide the least possible restriction to the free
flow of air, and away from areas where drift or
fogging might create a problem.

3-1-11

.


.
5 2 214 NFPA
.

NFPA Code, Standard and Recommendation

214, Chapters 2 and 5 shall be considered for
locating and spacing of cooling towers.

11.1.4 The circulating fuel oil system that

supplies oil for process heaters and boilers is
usually located in one corner of the utility area
including tanks and circulating pumps. Tanks are
to be diked. NFPA Code, Standard and
Recommendation214, Chapters 2and 5 shall be
considered for locating and spacing of cooling
towers. The direction of the prevailing wind shall
be considered in seating the location of cooling
towers. The towers shall be located to minimize
any nuisance, both with in and out side the site,
from the water blow-out, evaporation, drift and
ice formation. The requirement of IPS-E-PR-790
shall be met.

4-1-11

.
NFPA 5 2 .
214
. .


. IPS-E-PR-790 .
50

)IPS-E-PR-190(1

Mar. 2009 / 1387

11.1.5 All boilers are grouped together with
space provided for at least one future boiler. All
boiler auxiliaries including deaerator, feed
pumps, flash drums and chemical feed systems
are located in close proximity to the boiler.
Consideration must be given to single stacks for
each boiler or one common stack.

5-1-11
.


.
.
6-1-11

11.1.6 Plant and instrument air compressors

including dryers should be located in the utility
area.

7-1-11

11.1.7 Switchgear for the electrical system is

placed in an enclosed building and located within
the utility area. Substation serving process Units
and offsite facilities are usually located in OGP
process areas dependent upon the areas served.

.
.


.
8-1-11

11.1.8 Utility control house shall be provided to

house all board mounted instruments used for
operation and control of utility equipment.

9-1-11

11.1.9 Raw water storage and fire pumps shall be

located adjacent to either the boilers or the
cooling towers whichever provides the more
economic arrangement.

10-1-11

11.1.10 Critical steam and power facilities

feeding major portions of the plant shall be
protected from possible fire or explosion in
equipment handling hydrocarbons.

.

.

11.2 Spacing

2-11

General recommendation for spacing of boilers,

utility & electric generating equipment, control
houses, etc., shall be as specified in Appendix A,
Tables A-4, A-5, and A-6 .

4- 5- 6- .
-12

12. OFFSITE FACILITIES

1-12

12.1 General

1-1-12

12.1.1 A large number of facilities including

storage facilities, loading and unloading facilities
etc., shall be located in offsite area.

.
2-12

12.2 Tank Farm

1-2-12

12.2.1 The tank farm area will be adjacent to the

process and utility area.

51

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

12.2.2 Product storage tanks shall be located on

the lee side of, and preferably down slope from
the remainder of the plant.

2-2-12

12.2.3 Horizontal product storage tanks shall be

located so that their longitudinal axes are not in
line with buildings and plant equipment.

3-2-12

12.2.4 Exposure of storage tanks to potential

sources of fire shall be minimized.

4-2-12

.

.
.

12.2.5 Minimum distance between the

aboveground storage vessels/tanks containing
highly dangerous, flammable and combustible
liquids to the boundaries and other facilities shall
be in accordance with requirements specified in
9.5.8 of this Standard.

/ 5-2-12


. 8-5-9

12.2.6 Dikes are not usually required for LPG

storage. The storage areas should be graded to
drain to a safe area.

. LPG 6-2-12

12.2.7 Sufficient areas around all diked area

should be provided for fire fighting, maintenance
and required pipeways. The number of tanks
within a dike, spacing within the dike and
volume of dikes should be in accordance with Oil
Insurance Association (given in Appendix A,
Tables, A-4, A-5 and A-6), the NFPA Codes
(Table A-1, and Tables A-7, A-8, A-9 and A-10)
whichever deem more applicable for safety
requirement in case of discrepancy between one
with the others.

7-2-12

.

.

( 6- 5- 4- )
10- 9- 8- 7- 1- ) NFPA
. (
.

12.2.8 Transfer pumps should be grouped in one

or more locations, located outside a tank dike and
provided with a minimum of a roof shelter. The
number of pumps locations should be a
minimum.

8-2-12

12.2.9 In general, piping in the tank farm is run

on sleepers located between roadways and tank
dikes.

9-2-12

.
.

.

12.2.10 Shell to shell spacing of adjacent

aboveground tanks shall be determined in
accordance with NFPA 30.

10-2-12
. NFPA30
3-12

12.3 Loading and Unloading Facilities

1-3-12

12.3.1 The main loading and unloading racks for

tank trucks and rail tank cars should be
consolidated at one location as near to the plant
site as practical, and close to an access gate, so

52

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

that traffic through the plant is minimized and

high risk areas are avoided

12.3.2 Loading facilities must be provided with

adequate space and roadways for safe truck
maneuvering and parking.

2-3-12

12.3.3 In the case of rail loading and unloading

areas allowance must be made for parking and
shunting of tank cars.

3-3-12

12.3.4 Allow for dispersal of vapors and liquid

spills so as to minimize the damage to other
equipment in case of fire.

4-3-12

12.3.5 Truck and rail loading racks for flammable

and combustible liquids shall be located at a
distance of at least 30 meters from process Unit
and other facilities to avoid truck traffic near
process areas.

5-3-12

12.3.6 LP gas truck and rail loading rack, shall be

placed at least 75 meters from process Unit, 30
meters from other types of truck loading racks,
and 60 meters from atmospheric or pressurized
storage tanks.

6-3-12

12.3.7 Wharves handling flammable liquids shall

be spaced a minimum of 60 m from process Unit
and shall be spaced at least 75 m from fired
heaters or other continuously exposed sources of
ignition.

60 7-3-12

.
30

.
30 75
60
.
75

.

12.3.8 An adequate parking area for trucks

waiting to load must be provided out of the path
of moving trucks.

8-3-12

12.3.9 If weigh scales are required, for truck

loading they should be located near the entrance
for ease in weighing trucks as they enter and just
prior to their leaving.

9-3-12

.
-13

13. Flare
13.1 Flaring of process units that generate
combustible by products (gas or vapor),in the
when required, sufficient space must be left
between the flare and the nearest adjacent
equipment to keep the radiant heat flux below
allowable limits.

1-13
) (

.
2-13

13.2 The flare stack should be located remote

from offsite and process facilities and preferably
down wind from any areas where personnel are
required for continuous operation.

.
53

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

13.3 In conformity with requirement of 13.2

above, the flare stack shall be located at least 90
meters from other facilities.

2-13 3-13

13.4 There should be a totally clear area

surrounding the flare stack. The size of this area
is dependent on heat intensity requirements
which depends upon the height of the flare and
relieving quantity.

4-13

. 90

.
.
5-13

13.5 The flare knockout drum, pumpout pump,

and flare ignition system should be located at the
periphery of the clear area.

) (
.

13.6 Along with requirements above, on spacing

arrange of flare in OGP plants, recommendations
made by Industrial Risk Insurance, (IRI) and
requirements of IPS-C-SF-550,"Safety Boundary
Limits", in this regard shall be considered.

6-13

) IPS-C-SF-550 ( IRI)
.(
-14

14. Waste Treatment Facilities

14.1 The preferred location of the waste
treatment area should be at a refinery/plant low
point to insure gravity flow from all areas. Where
this is not possible lift stations must be provided
as required.

1-14

14.2 The waste treatment area should be remote

from the process and utility area and arranged to
permit future expansion of the system.

2-14

14.3 Layout of the area must include vehicle

accessibility for maintenance purposes.

3-14

/

.
.

.
.

54

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

APPENDICES

APPENDIX A

TABLE A.1 - NFPA CODES, STANDARDS

AND RECOMMENDATIONS

1-
NFPA

the

13

NFPA pamphlets 14 Standard for the

installation of stand pipe, private Hydrant, and
Hose Systems

14

NFPA pamphlets 13 Standard

installation of sprinkle systems

for

30

30 Flammable and Combustible Liquids code

214

214 Standard on water Cooling Tower

59

59 Utility LP-Gas plant code

251

251 Standard test method for potential heat of

building material
TABLE A.2 - CODES AND STANDARDS
AFFECTING MAINTENANCE
REQUIREMENTS

2-

a) For Vessels

- American Soc. of Mechanical Engineers

(ASME) Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:
Section 1, Power Boilers. Section VIII,
Pressure Vessels.

( ASME) 1 :
. VIII

- American Petroleum Institute (API):

Standard 620, "on large, welded, lowpressure storage tanks". Standard 650, "on
welded steel tanks for oil storage".

" 620 :(API) "650 ."

."

- Tubular Exchanger Mfrs. Assn. Standards.

- American Soc. of Civil Engineers:

- Minimum Design Loads for Structures.

- Uniform Building Code, from International
Conference of Building Officials
b) For Mechanical Equipment

(
API -

- API.
- National Fire Code.

. .(NFPA) . -

- National Fire Protection Assn., (NFPA).

- Crane Mfrs. Assn. of America.
- Monorail Mfrs. Assn. of American.

. 55

Mar. 2009 / 1387

- Conveyer Equipment Mfrs. Assn.

IPS-E-PR-190(1)
. -

- Hydraulic Institute.

. .(NEC) -

- Nationals Electrical Code (NEC).

56

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

Mar. 2009 / 1387

TABLE A.3 - OIA RECOMMENDED SPACING AT REFINERIES, CHEMICALS,

PETROCHEMICALS AND GAS PLANTS FOR BUILDINGS

OIA 3-

Ordinary Construction With Comb.

Contents.

Ordinary construction with comb. Contents

Non- Comb. Construction With Comb.

Contents.

Non-Comb. construction with comb. Contents

Fire Resistive Construction With Comb.

Contents.

Ordinary construction, IC, and SIC, with non-comb.

Contents
SIC* IC**
Fire resistive construction with comb. Contents

None

Ordinary Construction, IC, And SIC,

With Non-cpmb. Contents.

SIC IC

Non-Comb. construction with non-comb. Contents

None

Non-Comb. Construction With NonComb. Contents.

Fire resistive construction with non-comb. Contents

Fire Resistive Construction With NonComb. Contents.

MINIMUM DISTANCE IN METERS

12

12

15

12

15

18

12

15

None

12

12

15

12

12

15

18

15

None

None

15

15
None

IC*

*IC Incombustibles

SIC**

**SIC Sheathed incombustible

57

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

Mar. 2009 / 1387

10
SERVICE BUILDINGS

15

FIRE EQUIP. HOUSES

FIRE HYDRANTS

SEE BLD
CHART

TURRET NUZZLES

FIRE PUMPS

HAZARDOUS LDG. & UNLDG.

FACILITIES. INCL DOCKS

BLENDING TANKS

RUNDOWN TANKS

PRODUCT STORAGE. TANKS

BLOWDOWN DRUMS &

FLARE STACKS

DROP-OUT

CONTROLS FOR DROP-OUT

STEAM SNUF & SPRAY

COOLING TOWERS

CONTROL HOUSES

LARGE OIL PUMP HOUSES

GAS COMPRESSOR HOUSES

PROCESS VESSELS FRACT.

EQUIP. ETC

FIRED PROCESS HEATERS

BOILERS UTILITIES &

ELECT GEN. EQUIP. ETC.

PROCESS UNITS

Minimum Distance
Meters

SERVICE BUILDING

Table A.4 - OIA General Recommendations For Spacing In Refineries

OIA 4-

1
15 TO 75

15 TO 75

PROCESS UNITS

BOILERS,UTILITIES&ELECT GENERATING EQUIPMENT, ETC.

30

30

15 TO 30

15 TO 75

15 TO 30

15 TO 75

30

2
FIRED PROCESS
2
HEATERS

3
15 TO 30

30

2
15

2
30

2
8

15 TO 30

15 TO 75

15 TO 30

15 TO 75

2
PROCESS VESSELS.
FRACTIONATING
EQUIPMENT, ETC.

30

30

15

30

30

30

30

2
GAS COMPRESSOR
HOUSES

30

30

30

SEE BLDG.
CHART

15

2
LARGE OIL PUMP
HOUSES

15 TO 75

30

30

30

30

1
6

SEE BLDG.
CHART

15

1
15 TO 75

30

2
CONTROL HOUSES *

30

15

7
15

15

SEE BLD.
CHART

15

1
15 TO 75

30

2
COOLING TOWERS

15 TO 30

30

30

30

30

15 TO 30

15 TO 30

15 TO 30

8 TO 15

15 TO 30

15 TO 75

58

30 TO 60

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

Mar. 2009 / 1387

DROPOUT CON- TROLS.

STEAM SNUFFING &
WATER SPRAY
CONTROLS

FIRE EQUIP. HOUSES

FIRE HYDRANTS

TURRET NUZZLES

FIRE PUMPS

HAZARDOUS LDG. & UNLDG.

FACILITIES. INCL DOCKS

BLENDING TANKS

RUNDOWN TANKS

PRODUCT STORAGE. TANKS

BLOWDOWN DRUMS &

FLARE STACKS

DROP-OUT

CONTROLS FOR DROP-OUT

STEAM SNUF & SPRAY

COOLING TOWERS

CONTROL HOUSES

LARGE OIL PUMP HOUSES

GAS COMPRESSOR HOUSES

PROCESS VESSELS FRACT.

EQUIP. ETC

FIRED PROCESS HEATERS

BOILERS UTILITIES &

ELECT GEN. EQUIP. ETC.

()4-
PROCESS UNITS

Minimum Distance
Meters

SERVICE BUILDING

Table A.4(continued)

SEE NOTE

15

15

15

15

60 TO 90

60 TO 90

60 TO 90

60 TO 90

60 TO 90

60 TO 90

60 TO 90

60 TO 90

BLOWDOWN DRUMS &

FLARE STACKS

60 TO 90

60 TO 90

30

30

75

11

11

15 TO 30

15 TO 75

15 TO 30

15 TO 75

SEE NOTE

PRODUCT STORAGE
11
TANKS

60

75

75

75
5

75

75
5

75
5

75
5

75
5

75
5

60 TO 90
5

9
SEE NOTE

RUNDOWN TANKS

30

60

60

60

60

60

60

60

60

60

60

60

60

60

60 TO 90

60

60

60

60

60

60

60 TO 90

HAZARDOUS LOADING
& UN- LOADING FACILITIES INCLUDING
DOCKS

FIRE PUMPS

SEE NOTE

9
SEE NOTE

BLENDING TANKS

SEE NOTE

SEE NOTE

60

60

60

60

60

60

60

60

60

60 TO 90

75

75

75

15 TO 75

15 TO 30

75

75

75

30

30

90

90

90

90

90

*Note: Control houses serving unusually large or hazardous

units and central control houses for multiple units or housing
computer equipment, require greater spacing and shall require
blast-resistant construction, unless otherwise specified.

1
15 TO 75

15 TO 30

15 TO 75

75

* :


.

59

90

15 TO 30

60

90

75

)IPS-E-PR-190(1

Mar. 2009 / 1387

(1
.

1. special consideration should be given to the

installation hydrants and turret nozzles.

(2 30

2. Small open flame devices should be located not

less than 30 m from any vapor hazardous area.

3. Between battery limits

(3 .
(4 1590 75

4. Tanks over 1590 m3 capacity 75m; tanks less

than 1590 m3 capacity 45 m.

(5 795 ) 5000(

5. Tanks with capacities in excess of 795 m3 (5,000

bbl)- 60 m, tanks less than 795 m3-30m.

1590 45.
60 795 30 .

6. 8m to 15m considering area.

(6 8 15 .
(7

7. Controls may be installed adjacent to or inside, to

serve as a shield.

(8 23 90

8. Flare stacks less than 23m height should be 90m

distance; with stacks over 23m in height 60m
distance

(9 1590

9. Tanks with capacities up to 1590m3 should be

spaced 1 dia. apart; tanks from 1590 to 7950m3
capacity, spaced 1 dia, apart; and tanks over
7950m3 require special consideration.

(10 :

10. Service buildings include:

offices, change houses, maint. warehouse. ,
cafeterias, labs. hospitals, garages, except as
specifically provided for as indicated.

.
23 60.

1590 7950
7950
.


.

11. Propane tank batteries, preferably, should be

isolated to more remote sections of plant, and
"aimed" away from major plant values or
occupancies. Spheres also should be remotely
located whenever possible.

(11

.

.

60

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

Mar. 2009 / 1387

PROCESS UNIT- LOW

HAZARD

60

30

15
1

TANK FARMS- HIGH

HAZARD
C

75

-
D
PROCESS WAREHOUSE
LOW HAZARD

60

FIRED PROCESS HEATERS

FIRE HYDRANTS

LARGE COOLING TOWERS

PILOT PLANTS

45

15 To
30

45

1
5

6
0

30

15

1
Dia.
LAR
GER
1

75

7
5

75

60

6
0

60

60

6
0

45

30

6
0

60

60

4
5

45

30

30

6
0

30

30

6
0

30

30

75

30

30

Dia.
LARG
ER

ONE
Dia.
LAR
GER
1

30

60
4

45

45

75

15

60

60

60

45

30

45

15

45

30

30

15

15

E
SHIPPING & RECEIVINGHIGH HAZARD

SHIPPING & RECEIVINGLOW HAZARD

45

3
0

30

1
5

SERVICE BUILDINGS
F

EMERGENCY FLARES

6
0

15

75

2
TANK FRAMES- LOW
HAZARD

TURRET NOZZLES

WATER SPRAY CONTROLS

EMERGENCY CONTROLS

FIRE PUMPS

BOILER AREA

SERVICE BUILDINGS

SHIP G. & REC G.-LH

SHIP G. & REC G.-HH

PROCESS WAREHOUSE-LH

TANK FRAMS-LH

TANK FRAMS -HH

PROCESS UNIT-LH

3
0

BOILER AREA

60

30

60

30

30

45

30

SEE
BLD
G.
CHA
RT

60

45

60

45

30

60

30

30

61

15

15-30 TO Center of Target

30 15
For 30m Flare that is 8m above Surrounding Equipment, Use 90m
90 8 30

B
PROCESS UNIT- HIGH
HAZARD

PROCESS UNIT-HH

MINIMUM DISTANCE
IN METERS

TABLE A.5 - OIA GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SPACING IN PETROCHEMICAL PLANTS

OIA 5-

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

Mar. 2009 / 1387

MINIMUM DISTANCE IN
METERS

REACT

COMP

TANKS

FRACT- EQUIP.

CONT.
ROOMS

FIRED PROCESS HEATERS

FIRE HYDRANTS

LARGE COOLING TOWERS

PILOT PLANTS

EMERGENCY FLARES

TURRET NOZZLES

WATER SPRAY CONTROLS

EMERGENCY CONTROLS

FIRE PUMPS

BOILER AREA

SERVICE BUILDINGS

SHIP G. & REC G.-LH

SHIP G. & REC G.-HH

PROCESS WEREHOUSE-LH

TANK FRAMES-LH

TANK FRAMES-HH

PROCESS UNIT-LH

()5-

MINIMUM DISTANCE
IN METERS

PROCESS UNIT-HH

Table A.5(continued)

REACTOR

8
6

SMALL COMPRESSOR
HOUSE OR PUMP HOUSE

12

INTERMEDIATE
STORAGE. TANKS HIGH
HAZARD RUNDOWNFEED

30 TO
60

30 TO 60

ONE
DIA.

15

30

15 TO 30

30

17

FRACTION EQUIPMENT

6
CONTROL ROOMS *

15 TO
30

15 TO

30

Note: * Control houses serving unusually large or

hazardous units and central control houses for
multiple units or housing computer equipment,
require greater spacing and shall require blastresistant construction, unless otherwise specified.

* :



.

62

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

Mar. 2009 / 1387

a) Distance between process units is measured from
battery limits.

b) A high hazard process unit has explosion

classification under petrochemical schedule of E-4
or E-5.
c) High hazard tanks are class "D" under the above
schedule. Class "E" requires special consideration

.
. E-5 E-4
." D" (
." E"

d) Process warehouse low hazard 15 to 70 m.

. 30 15 (

e) High hazard shiping and receiving denotes stable

materials requires special consideration.

f) Service buildings include office's, gate houses,

change houses, laboratores, shops, garages,
maintenance, etc. Experimentals laboratories
classify as process units

.
:(

.
.
.

g) Keep open flames 30m from vapor hazard area.

30 (
.

h) Deviation from these distances required special

protective installations such as fixed foam sprinkles,
fire-system grading of 4 or better, or superior
construction.

i) In borderline cases, high value required high

hazard classification.

k) Vertical storage tanks should be individually

diked. If not, capacity in single dike should not
exeed 3975 m3 per group, with 30m between
groups, or other suitable arrangement.

4
.
.
.
30 3975
.

1. For specific vertical tank, use 5 diameters.

5 -1
.

2. For specific vertical tank, use 4 diameters.

4 -2
.

3. For specific vertical tank, use 3 diameters.

3 -3
.

4. Standard firewall and sprinkler-Limit

warehouse acceptable. Limit warehouse to
maximum 2320m2 floor area.

-4
2320 .

5. Two stations desirable.

. 2 -5

6. Barricades desirable for hazardous reactors.

. -6

7. Over 380 m3 acquires special consideration .

. 380 -7

63

SERVICE BUILDING

GAS COMPRESSOR HOUSE

LARGE PROCESS OIL

PUMP HOUSE

DISTILLATION AND
FRACTIONATION

UTILITIES

PRESSURE TANKS

ATMOSPHERIC TANKS

FIRED HEATERS

30

30

45

30
60

60
60

60

15
-

30
15
9
-

15
30
30
30

60

60
45

30

15

SEE
CHAR
T

TWO DIA.
OF
LARGEST
2

Table A.6 (continued)

64

2
15
30
0

75 TO
150
60
30

75 TO
150
60
30

75 TO
150
60
30

75 TO
150
0
0

30
75
30

30
75
30

30
60
60
60
30
30
30
15 TO
30
30
45
30

30
30
30
30
15
45 TO
60
30
30
30
45
-

15

LOADING RACKS

30

150 75

BOTH STATIONS SHOULD BE LOCATED AT LEAST 75 AND NOT OVER 150 FROM COMPRESSOR
HOUSE, PROCESS AREA. LOADING RACKS, HEATERS, AND MAIN GAS LINES. MINIMUM
BETWEEN STATIONS.

15

15
15

15
15

15

15
30

15
30

15
30

15

60 . 2590

HIGHT LESS THAN 25 , 90 FROM PLANT. HIGH OVER , 60 FROM PLANT.

15

15

LEAN OIL PUMPS

HYDRANTS

STEAM SNUFF AND/OR BLOWDOWN

CONTROL

FLARES

FIRE EQUIPMENT HOUSE

TURRET NOZZLES

EMERGENCY CONTROL STATIONMINIMUM OF 2

ORDINARY ELECTRICAL

OPEN FLAMES

FIRE PUMPS

MAIN GAS CONTROL VALVE

LOADING RACKS

ATMOSPHERIC TANKS

PRESSURE TANKS

UTILITIES

DISTILLATION & FRACTIONATION

LARGE PROCESS OIL PUMP HOUSE

GAS COMPRESSOR HOUSE

SERVICE BUILDING

MINIMUM DISTANCE IN METERS

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

TABLE A.6 - OIA GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SPACING IN GAS PLANTS

OIA 6-

15 TO
30

15
15 TO
30

15
15 TO
30

15
15 TO
30
15

15 TO
30
30

15 TO
30
60

15 TO
30
60

15 TO
30
60

15 TO
30
30

15

( )6-

15
3

15

60

60

60

60 TO
150

30

30

75

60

60

30

12

30

30

30

60

75 TO
150

LEAN OIL PUMPS

HYDRANTS

AND/OR
BLOWDOWN
CONTROL

FLARES

FIRE EQUIPMENT
HOUSE

TURRET NOZZLES

CONTROL
STATION-MINIMUM
OF 2

ORDINARY
ELECTRICAL

OPEN FLAMES

FIRE PUMPS

15

30

15

15

15 TO
30

30

30

15 TO
30

15 TO
30

15 TO
30

15 TO
30

30

15

30

15 TO
30

15 TO 30

15 TO
30

30

15

15

SKID UNITS FOR PACKAGE

PLANT

15

COOLING TOWERS

MAIN GAS
CONTROL VALVE

LOADING RACKS

ATMOSPHERIC
TANKS

PRESSURE TANKS

UTILITIES

30

DISTILLATION &
FRACTIONATION

30

LARGE PROCESS
OIL PUMP HOUSE

GAS COMPRESSOR
HOUSE

SERVICE BUILDING

MINIMUM
DISTANCE IN
METERS
Control Houses

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

Mar. 2009 / 1387

45

15

: *

*Note:

Control houses serving unusually large or hazardous units

and central control houses for multiple units or housing
computer equipment, require greater spacing and shall require
blast-resistant construction, unless other wise specified.

65

Mar. 2009 / 1387

Service buildings include: offices, laboratories,
change house, gate houses, shops, maintenance
shops., garages, cafeterias, & hospitals.

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

:

.
:
.

Utilities include: boilers, power houses and water

treating.
1. Where equipment is housed because of cold
climate, a standard firewall should separate
compressor and process equipment.

-1

2. Maximum of 1140m3 per group; 30 between

groups, or other suitable arrangements.

30 ; 1140 -2

3. 15m for handling nonflammables, 30m for

handling flammables.

15 -3

4. Fire water systems, with locations of hydrants

and valves, require special consideration.

-4

5. More spacing may be required in unattended

plants or in high-valued attended plants with
complex control systems.

-5

.
.
. 30
.

66

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

TABLE A.7 - PROXIMITY OF REFRIGERATED STORAGE VESSELS TO BOUNDARIES AND

OTHER FACILITIES

7-
BOUNDARY LINES OR
OTHER FACILITIES

MINIMUM SPACING OF
DOOME ROOF TANKS

MINIMUM SPACING OF
SPHERES OR SPHEROIDS

60 m (1)

60 m (1)

Utility plants. buildings of high occupancy

(offices, shops, labs, ware houses etc.)

1 vessel diameter but not less than

45m
not exceed 60 m (1)

60 m (1)

( )

45 1 1
2
60

Process equipment (or nearest process unit

limits if firm layout not available)

1 vessel diameter, but not less than

45 m
need not exceed 60 m (1)

)
(

45 1
60

Non-Refrigerated pressure storage facilities

1 vessel diameter, but not less than

30 m need not exceed 60m

vessel diameter but not less than

30 m need not exceed 60m

30 1
60

30
60

1 vessel diameter, but not less than

30 m need not exceed 60m

1 vessel diameter, but not less than

30 m need not exceed 60m

55 )
(

30 1
60

30 1
60

Atmospheric storage tanks (stock closed

flash point 55C or higher)

vessel diameter, but not less than

30 m need not exceed 45m

vessel diameter, but not less than

30 m need not exceed 45m

30
45

30
45

Property lines adjacent to land which is

developed or could be built upon public
highways, and main railroads

Atmospheric storage tanks (stock closed

flash point under 55C)

cup

cup

55 )
(

60 m (1)

Note:
1) Distance from boundary line or facility to
centerline of peripheral dike wall surrounding the
storage vessel shall not be less than 30 m at any
point.

( 1
. 30

67

)IPS-E-PR-190(1

Mar. 2009 / 1387

TABLE A. 8 - PROXIMITY OF ATMOSPHERIC STORAGE TANKS TO

BOUNDARIES AND OTHER FACILITIES

8-
BOUNDARY LINES
OR OTHER
FACILITIES:

)MINIMUM DISTANCE FROM: (1) (2

) (1 )(2

High flash stocks (1) in any
type of tank

Crude oil stocks in

fixed roof tanks

Low flash stocks in

fixed roof tanks

)(1

45 m

60 m

60 m

Low flash or crude

stocks in floating
roof tanks

60 m

)(3

1 tank diam., but not

less than 30 m need not
exceed 45 m

60 m

1 30
45
)(3
1 tank diam., but not
less than 30 m need not
)exceed 45 m (3

Property lines adjacent to

land which is developed or
could be built upon, public
highways, main railroads, and
manifolds located on marine
piers

1 tank diam; but

not less than 45 m
need not exceed
60 m

1 tank diam; but

not less than 45m
need not exceed 60
m

1
45
60

1
45 60

45 m

45 m

60 m

1 30
45

Buildings of high occupancy

(offices, shops, labs, ware)houses, etc.

)

(
Nearest process equipment, or
utility plant (or nearest unit
limits if firm layout not
)available

)

(.

)(3) (4

Notes:

(1

1) When future change ("switch service") to low

flash or crude service is specified, use other
applicable columns of this Table.

(2

2) Spacing may be reduced to 30 m for a tank or

group of tanks meeting all of the following.

.
30 .

a) All tanks are an integral part of the given

process operation.

(
.( 15 .
68

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)
. 15 (

b) Each tank is less than 15 m in diameter.

50000) 7950 (

c) The total capacity of the group does not exceed

7950 m3 (50,000 bbl).

.(
( 3

3) Spacing need not exceed 30 m provided that all of

the following requirements are met:

: 30
(

a) The stock is stored at ambient temperature and

the closed up flash point is above 93C; or if
heated, not above 93C and not within of its flash
point.

93 93
.

b) The stock is not received directly from a

process Unit where upset conditions could lower
its flash point.

c) The total capacity of any tank does not exceed

31800 m3 (200,000 bbl) and the total capacity of
any group of tanks does not exceed 79500 m3
(500,000 bbl).

( 200000) 31800 (

d) There are no tanks storing low flash stocks

within the same group.

500000) 79500
.(

.
15 ( 4

4) Spacing need not exceed 15 m provided that all of

the following requirements are met.

a) The requirements given in Note (3) subpar. 3.

a. and b. above.

3 ( 3) (

b) All tanks are an integral part of the given

process operation.

.(

c) Each tank is less than 25 m in diameter and the

total capacity of a group of tanks does not exceed
7950 m3 (50,000 bbl).

25 (

d) There are no tanks storing low-flash stocks

within the same group

. ( 50000) 7950

69

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

Mar. 2009 / 1387

TABLE A-9 - PROXIMITY OF ATMOSPHERIC STORAGE TANKS TO EACH OTHERS

9-
TYPES OF STOCKS AND
TANKAGE

MINIMUM SPACING BETWEEN (1) (2)

(2) ( 1)

Single or paired tanks

Grouped tanks

Adjacent rows of tanks in

separate groups (1)

(1)
Low flash stocks in floating roof
tanks

tank diameter need

not exceed 60 m

tank diameter need

not exceed 60 m

60


Low flash stocks in fixed roof
tanks

1 tank diameter

60 25

60
tank diameter

Crude oil stocks in floating roof
tanks

tank diameter, need

not exceed 60 m

1 tank diameter
(pairing not permitted)

30

Not permitted

) 1
(
High flash stocks in any type
tank

1 tank diameter not less than

30 m

Not permitted

60

Crude oil stocks in fixed roof
tanks

tank diameter, not less than

25 m need not exceed 60 m

tank diameter, need

not exceed 60 m

tank diameter, need

not exceed 60 m

tank diameter not less than

15 m need not exceed 60 m

60 60 15

60
(3) (4)

70

Mar. 2009 / 1387

IPS-E-PR-190(1)
:

Notes:
1) Spacing between high flash and low flash tank

( 1

groups shall be governed by the low-flash

criteria.

2) A minimum spacing of 3m shall be provided

between any tank shell and the peripheral dike or
toe wall.

3 ( 2
.

3) Finished stocks with a closed up flash point

above 93C may be spaced a minimum of 2m
apart provided that all of the following
requirements are met.

( 3
2 93 C
.
(

a) The stock is stored at ambient temperature:

or if heated, not above 93C and not within
10C of its flash point.

10 C 93 C
.

b) The stock is not received directly from a

process unit where upset conditions could
lower its flash point below the limits of
subpar. a. above.

c) There are not tanks storing low-flash stocks

within the same group.

.
.

4) Finished stocks with a closed up flash point of

55C or higher but less than 93C may be spaced
1/6 of the aim of their diameters apart, except.

93 ( 4
1/6


:

Where the diameter of one tank is less than onehalf the diameter of the adjacent tank, the spacing
between the tanks shall not be less than one half
the diameter of the smaller tank, provided that all
of the following requirements are met.
a) The spacing between tanks is not less than
2m.

. 2 (

b) The stock is not heated above 93C and not

within 10C of its flash point.

10 C 93 C (
.

c) Corporations do not exceed at total capacity

of 15900 m3 (100,000 bbl) and there are no
tanks storing low-flash stocks within the same
group.

15900 (
( 100000)
.

d) The stock is not received directly from a

process Unit where upset conditions could
lower its flash point below the limits of subpar
b. above.

(

.

71

IPS-E-PR-190(1)

Mar. 2009 / 1387

TABLE A.10 - PROXIMITY OF NONREFRIGERATED - PRESSURE STORAGE

VESSELS/DRUMS TO BOUNDARIES AND OTHER FACILITIES

10-

Boundary Lines Or Other Facilities

MINIMUM SPACING TO SPHERES,

SPHEROIDS AND DRUMS

Property lines adjacent to land which is developed or could
be built upon, public highways ways main railroads, and
manifolds located on marine piers

60 m (1)

Buildings of high
warehouses, etc.)

occupancy

(offices,

shops,

lab.,

60 m (1)

( )
Nearest process equipment or utilities, point (or nearest unit
limits if firm layout is not available)

60 m (1)

)
(
Refrigerated storage facilities

tank diam., but not less 30 m, need not exceed

60 m
Atmospheric storage tanks (stock closed up flash point of
55C and below)

( 55 C )

Atmospheric storage tanks (stock closed up flash point above

55C)

( 55 )

60 30

1 tank diam, but not less than 30 m need not

exceed 60 m

60 30 1
tank diam., but not less than 30 m need not
exceed 45 m

45 30

Note:

. 30

Distance from boundary line or facility to

centerline of peripheral dike wall surrounding the
storage vessel shall not be less than 30 m at any
point.

72