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Mid-Term Study Guide Answers 2015

This document provides a study guide and answers for a mid-term exam covering chapters 1-9 of a 2015 history course. It includes over 70 questions and answers summarizing key people, dates, events, and concepts from each chapter. Some of the major topics covered include the fall of Rome, rise of Christianity and the Catholic Church, Islamic religion and culture, Byzantine Empire, and the development of feudalism in medieval Europe.

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104 views

Mid-Term Study Guide Answers 2015

This document provides a study guide and answers for a mid-term exam covering chapters 1-9 of a 2015 history course. It includes over 70 questions and answers summarizing key people, dates, events, and concepts from each chapter. Some of the major topics covered include the fall of Rome, rise of Christianity and the Catholic Church, Islamic religion and culture, Byzantine Empire, and the development of feudalism in medieval Europe.

Uploaded by

api-266327898
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Mid-Term Study Guide

Answers
Chapters (Lessons) 1-9~ 2015
Exam

Chapter 1

1. What does Stoic mean?


Believed that a divine intelligence ruled
all of nature.
Brave, courageous, smart, good
character

2. Three Economic Reasons why


Roman Empire Collapsed.
1. Unemployment
2. Taxes
3. Decline in Trade

Chapter 2

3. Three Facts about Charlemagne


1. Crowned Holy Roman Emperor
2. Ruled the Franks from 768 to 814 c.e.
3. United the Christian lands of Europe.

4. What is the main job of a vassal?


Protection to a lord and promises to be
loyal to that lord. Gave the lord money
and food as well as knights in times of
need.

5. Know the dates of the following:


Fall of Rome: 476 c.e.
Clovis rules the Franks: 481 c.e.
Charlemagne crowned Holy Roman Emperor: 800 c.e.
Feudalism established in England: 1066 c.e.

6. Why did the Roman Empire Fall?


Political instability (no central
government), economic problems
(money issues) and weak frontiers
(barbarians attacked).

Chapter 3

7. Three Facts about Catholic Church


1. Largest land holder in Europe. Owned valuable
property & land.
2. Everything evolved (centered) around the
church.
3. Church Officials were leaders in the government.
4. 1/10 (tithe) of someones earnings went to the
church.

8.Where might a Christian pilgrim


go during the Middle Ages?
A cathedral or any other sacred place
known to Christians.

9. Why was the Catholic Church so


powerful?
Has the power to excommunicate (kick
out someone from church), to abolish
(get rid of) selling of official positions
and prohibiting (not allowing) bishops
electing kings to powerful positions
within the church.

10. Why would a church official need


to be educated?
To read from the Bible. To teach others
about religion and to help with
governmental duties.

Chapter 4

11. Why were many medieval towns


built by rivers & trade routes?
By River: for protection and trade
By Trade Routes: to help their towns
prosper through traveling merchants.

12. What group of people continued to


thrive not only in politics, but also
economics?
Merchants

13. What does Specialization mean


in the world of trade?
It allows a craftsperson of a certain area
to concentrate in one thing so they are
known for that craft.

Chapter 5

14. What was the key event for


commoners to have a voice in
England?
King Edwards I model parliament.

15. What document gave power to the


nobles that a king could not take
away?
Habeas corpus
Magna Carta

16. Why did commoners have a voice


in many areas after the black plague?
The plague caused many workers to
demand for more money and power since
too many people had died. These people
were also able to acquire land that was
left abandoned after its owner died.

17. During the Hundred Years War,


which group lost the most power and
which group gained the most power?
Lost: Lords
Gained: Commoners & Monarchs

Chapter 6

18. What was the capital of the


Byzantine Empire?
Constantinople

19. What is Justinians Code?


He took many laws from the Romans
and changed them to fit his Empire in
the Western world.
Systematic Body of Law

20. What is the significance of the


dome in many of the churches in the
Byzantine Empire?
The dome represents heaven.

21. Give three examples of the


Constantinoples geography.
1. It is surrounded on three sides of water.
2. It was located at the crossroads of Europe
and Asia.
3. It had a harbor that could easily be blocked
against enemy ships.

22. Who was responsible for rebuilding


Constantinople after a riot that was
meant for its emperor?
Justinian

Chapter 7

23. Although Arabs living on the


Arabian peninsula were not united as a
nation, they were in what two ways?
1. Cultural
2. Language

24. Who are the people of the book


according to Muslims and why?
Jews and Christians because they also
believed in one God.

25. Muhammad taught that the rich


should share their wealth with the
poor, why did this upset leaders in
Mecca?
Leaders in Mecca were controlling the wealth
and didnt want to give any to the poor.

26. What does the word Muslim


mean?
Muslim means one who surrenders to God.

27. Explain who the Sunni & the Shia


Muslims felt should be the next
leader of the Islamic religion.
Sunnis believe that the best man for the job
should be the next leader. A Council should pick
the leader.
Shia believe that only descendants (relatives) of
Muhammad should be the next leader.

Chapter 8

28. Explain why Islam is considered


more than a religion, but rather a way
of life for Muslims.
Muslims have to follow the rules of Islam
throughout their lives. For instance, they
cant gamble, eat pork, or drink alcohol.
They must also follow the 5 Pillars of
Faith/Islam.

29. What is jihad?


Jihad means to overcome struggle and to
strive to overcome challenges.

30. What are the Five Pillars of Islam?


Make sure you explain what each
means as well.

1st Pillar: Shahadah: Declaring Faith


2nd Pillar: Salat: Daily prayer
3rd Pillar: Zakat: Giving Charity to the Poor
4th Pillar: Siyam: Fasting during 9th month of the
Islamic calendar.
5th Pillar: Hajj: Pilgrimage to Makkah.

31. What standards did the Quran and


Muhammad set for Muslims conduct
during war?
Muslim fighters must not mutilate (remove or
destroy) the dead bodies of enemies, nor harm
women, children, the elderly, and civilians.

32. What values does Shariah


promote?
The Shariah promotes obedience to the
Quran and respect for others.

33. How are these behaviors regulated


in the Islamic religion?
(Cant eat pork, drink alcohol, gamble)
These are forbidden in the Islamic religion.

34. What does Ramadan encourage?


Ramadan encourages generosity, equality, and
charity within the Muslim community.

Chapter 9

35. What three cities became center of


Islamic culture and learning?
1. Cairo, Egypt
2. Cordoba, Spain
3. Baghdad, Iraq

36. Why was learning important to the


Muslims?
Learning is important because Muhammad
stated, The ink of scholars is more precious
than the blood of martyrs. Meaning it is more
important to learn than it is to be good at
fighting.

37. What does Islamic art include?


What does it NOT include?
Includes: calligraphy, geometric shapes

Does Not Include: animals or humans because


only God can create something that is alive.

38. How did Muslims accept other


cultures ideas?
Muslims accepted and embraced other
cultures ideas. They often spread other
peoples ideas ways of life to other
areas.

Vocabulary Review

39. Natural Law


The concept that there is a universal order
built into nature that can guide moral
thinking.

40. serf
A peasant bound to the land and subject to the
will of its owner

41. Vassal
A person under the protection of a feudal lord
to whom he has vowed homage and fealty

42. crusader
A person who fought during the crusades to
win back the Holy Land from the Muslims.
A crusader would wear a tunic (covering)
which a red cross on it.

43. pilgrim

A person that goes on a sacred journey


for penance (forgiveness), to cure the sick
or to worship at different holy sites.

44. monk
A man who has taken a solemn vow to devote
his life to prayer and service in a monastery.

45. feudalism
The economic and political system that
developed in Europe during the Middle Ages.

46. Magna Carta


A written agreement from 1215 that limited
the English kings power and strengthened
the rights of nobles.

47. guild
An organization of people who work in the
same craft or trade.

48. charter
A written grant of rights and privileges by a
ruler or government to a community, class of
people, or organization.

49. hierarchy
A system of organizing people into ranks,
with those of higher rank having more power
and privileges.

50. pilgrimage
A journey to a holy site.

51. heretic
A person who holds beliefs that are contrary
to the teachings of a church or other group.

52. philosophy
The study of wisdom and knowledge
A scholar or thinker (philosopher)

53. persecute
To cause a person to suffer because of his or
her beliefs

54. excommunicate
To formally deprive a person of membership
in a church

55. habeas corpus


The principle that accused persons cannot be
held in jail without the consent of a court

56. Mecca
Birthplace of Muhammad
Location of the Kaba

57. chivalry
The medieval knights code of ideal behavior,
including bravery, loyalty, and respect for
women

58. polytheist
A person who believes in more than one god

59. caliph
A title taken by Muslim rulers who claimed
religious authority to rule

60. monarch
A ruler, such as a king or a queen

61. barter
To buy and sell by trading goods or services
rather than money

62. trade
The business of buying and selling or
exchanging items

63. monotheist
A person who believes in a single god

64. prophet
A person who speaks or interprets for God to
other people

65. Kaba
A cube shaped shrine located in Mecca.
Built by Abraham to honor one god.

66. scribe
A person trained to write or copy documents
by hand

67. economic
Relating to, or based on the production,
distribution, and consumption of goods and
services

68. military
Of or relating to soldiers, arms, or war

69. political
Of or relating to government, a government,
or the conduct of government

70. social
Of or relating to human society, the
interaction of the individual and the group, or
the welfare of human beings as members of
society

71. peninsula
A portion of land nearly surrounded by water
and connected with a larger body by an
isthmus; also : a piece of land jutting out into
the water whether with or without a welldefined isthmus

72. nomad
A person who moves from place to place,
often in search of water and vegetation.

73. hajj
A pilgrimage to the Kaba located in Makkah.

74. Salat
The 2nd Pillar which means that Muslims
must prayer 5 times a day and face towards
Makkah.

75. Siyam
This is the 4th Pillar which is the ritual fast.
During the Siyam, Muslims do not eat from
sunrise to sunset during Ramadan.

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