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Describe in Detail Shared Memory Multiprocessor Models

There are three shared memory multiprocessor models: 1) The uniform memory access (UMA) model where all processors have equal access time to shared physical memory. 2) The non-uniform memory access (NUMA) model where access time varies depending on the location of memory - it is faster to access local memory than remote memory attached to other processors. 3) The cache-only memory architecture (COMA) model treats distributed main memories as caches, with all caches forming a global address space and remote cache access assisted by distributed cache directories.

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141 views3 pages

Describe in Detail Shared Memory Multiprocessor Models

There are three shared memory multiprocessor models: 1) The uniform memory access (UMA) model where all processors have equal access time to shared physical memory. 2) The non-uniform memory access (NUMA) model where access time varies depending on the location of memory - it is faster to access local memory than remote memory attached to other processors. 3) The cache-only memory architecture (COMA) model treats distributed main memories as caches, with all caches forming a global address space and remote cache access assisted by distributed cache directories.

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AnilHumne
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Describe in detail Shared memory multiprocessor models.

There are three shared-memory multiprocessor models:


1) The uniform memory-access (UMA) model
2) The non-uniform-memory-access(NUMA) model
3) The cache-only memory architecture (COMA) model.
These models differ in how the memory and peripheral resources are
shared or distributed.

1) UMA MODEL
In a UMA multiprocessor model , the physical memory is uniformly shared by all the processors. All
processors have equal access time to all memory words, which is why it is called uniform memory access.
Each processor may use a private cache. Peripherals are also shared in some fashion.
The system interconnect takes the form of a common bus, a crossbar switch or a multistage network. . The
UMA model is suitable for general purpose and time sharing applications by multiple users. It can be used to
speed up the execution of a single large program in time-critical applications.
When all processors have equal access to all peripheral devices, the system is called
symmetric multiprocessor
In an asymmetric multiprocessor, only one or a subset of processors are executive capable. An executive or
a master processor can execute the operating system and handle I/O. The remaining processors have no
I/O capability and thus are called attached processors

2) NUMA MODEL
A NUMA multiprocessor is a shared-memory system in which the access time varies with the location of the
memory word. The shared memory i.e. Local memories is physically distributed to all processors, The
collection of all local memories forms a global address space accessible by all processors.

It is faster to access a local memory with a local processor. The access of remote memory attached to other
processors takes longer due to the added delay through the interconnection network. The fastest is local memory
access. The next is global memory access. The slowest is access of remote memory.

3) The

COMA Model:

The COMA model is a special case of a NUMA machine, in which the distributed main memories are converted to
caches. All the caches form a global address space. Remote cache access is assisted by the distributed cache
directories.

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