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MM2030 July2012 Quiz2

This document contains a metallurgical thermodynamics quiz with multiple questions. Question 1 provides equations to calculate activities of gold and copper in a solid solution, as well as partial pressures of gold and copper exerted by the solid solution. Question 2 gives an equation to calculate the activity coefficient of zinc in a liquid zinc-cadmium alloy and asks to calculate the activity of cadmium. Question 5 asks to illustrate phase transitions in materials using schematic phase diagrams and propose a process to make instant coffee powder.

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231 views

MM2030 July2012 Quiz2

This document contains a metallurgical thermodynamics quiz with multiple questions. Question 1 provides equations to calculate activities of gold and copper in a solid solution, as well as partial pressures of gold and copper exerted by the solid solution. Question 2 gives an equation to calculate the activity coefficient of zinc in a liquid zinc-cadmium alloy and asks to calculate the activity of cadmium. Question 5 asks to illustrate phase transitions in materials using schematic phase diagrams and propose a process to make instant coffee powder.

Uploaded by

Arg Sreekar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MM2030: Metallurgical Thermodynamics

Quiz-2, 11-Oct-2012, CRC305


Section-A Each question carries 7 marks. Answer any one.
1. Copper and gold form complete ranges of solid solution at temperatures between 410 C and
889 C. At 600 C the excess molar Gibbs energy of formation of the solid solutions (in Joules)
is given by
GXS = 28280 xAu xCu
Saturated vapor pressure over solid copper is given by:
ln poCu (atm) =

40920
0.86 ln T + 21.67
T

Saturated vapor pressure over solid gold is given by:


ln poAu (atm) =

45650
0.306 ln T + 10.81
T

(a) Calculate the activities of Au and Cu in the solid solution of xCu = 0.6 at 600 C. (b)
Calculate the partial pressures of Au and Cu exerted by the solid solution of xCu = 0.6 at
600 C.
2. The activity coefficient of Zn in liquid Zn-Cd alloys at 435 C can be represented as
ln Zn = 0.875x2Cd 0.3x3Cd
(a) Derive the corresponding expression for the dependence of ln Cd on composition. (b) Calculate the activity of cadmium in the alloy of xCd = 0.5 at 435 C.
Section-B Each question carries 6 marks. Answer any three.
3. Species A and B form a complete solution in liquid state and the mixing process is known to
be exothermic. Make schematic sketches for the quantities as asked, complete with labels. Use
mole fraction along the x-axis varying from 0 to 1. (a) Volume of the solution, illustrating the
value of partial molar volumes of each component for a xA = 0.5 solution. (b) Activity aB .
4. Answer the following questions in a sentence or two.
(a) For an ideal mixture (of say, ideal gases) what are all the quantities that are zero?
(b) Activity of a species is unity when it is at the standard state. Is this true irrespective of
the choice of standard state?
(c) For a thermodynamic quantity, what do the following prefixes convey: molar, partial molar
and excess?
5. Using schematic P-T phase diagrams for a unary system, illustrate how some materials exhibit
two phase transitions (S L V ) and some exhibit only one (S V ) at ambient pressure
and increasing temperature. Using this information and the schematic plots, propose a possible
process to make instant coffee powder.
6. For a binary system that exhibits isomorphous phase diagram, choose a temperature T1 half-way
between the two melting points. Draw schematic G vs. x plots for solid and liquid phases at
T1 . Label the relevant chemical potentials. Schematically plot activity of one of the species as
a function of mole fraction.

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