The document summarizes maritime laws from the 12th century known as the "Laws of Oleron". These laws were adopted in Castile by King Alfonso X in the 13th century and later introduced to England by King Richard I. The laws mostly contained articles related to warfare at sea. The laws also included a section on piloting that did not show leniency - it stated that if a pilot failed to bring a vessel to its designated port due to ignorance, resulting in damage to the merchants, he would be required to make full restitution. If he was unable to pay, the penalty was loss of his head, which the master or merchants could enact as long as the pilot could not pay restitution.
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Laws of Oleron
The document summarizes maritime laws from the 12th century known as the "Laws of Oleron". These laws were adopted in Castile by King Alfonso X in the 13th century and later introduced to England by King Richard I. The laws mostly contained articles related to warfare at sea. The laws also included a section on piloting that did not show leniency - it stated that if a pilot failed to bring a vessel to its designated port due to ignorance, resulting in damage to the merchants, he would be required to make full restitution. If he was unable to pay, the penalty was loss of his head, which the master or merchants could enact as long as the pilot could not pay restitution.
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Laws Of Oleron
The laws of Oleron which, according to tradition, were adopted in Castile by
ALPHONSO X in the 13th Century, and were introduced into England by RICHARD I. They were a code for western seafaring nations mostly containing articles of war. Also contained in them is a section on Piloting that did not err on the side of leniency Laws Oleron 12th century XXII If a pilot undertake the conduct of a vessel, to bring her to St Malo, or any other port, and fail in his duty therein, so as the vessel miscarry by reason of his ignorance in what he undertook, and the merchants sustain damage thereby, he shall be obliged to make full satisfaction for the same, if he hath wherewithal: and if not, lose his head. XXIV And if the Master, or any one of the merchants, cut off his head, they shall not be bound to answer for it: but before they do it, they must be sure he had not he wherewithal to make satisfaction.
Bouvier's Revised Sixth Edition, Adapted To The Constitution and Laws of The United States of America and of The Several States of The American Union, 1856