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U2.9: Arithmetic and Geometric Sequences

The document discusses arithmetic and geometric sequences. It defines arithmetic sequences as ones where each term is calculated by adding or subtracting a constant to the previous term. Geometric sequences multiply or divide the previous term by a constant ratio to calculate the next term. Examples and formulas for explicit, recursive, and finding the nth term of arithmetic and geometric sequences are provided. Practice problems apply the concepts to find missing terms in various sequences.

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242 views

U2.9: Arithmetic and Geometric Sequences

The document discusses arithmetic and geometric sequences. It defines arithmetic sequences as ones where each term is calculated by adding or subtracting a constant to the previous term. Geometric sequences multiply or divide the previous term by a constant ratio to calculate the next term. Examples and formulas for explicit, recursive, and finding the nth term of arithmetic and geometric sequences are provided. Practice problems apply the concepts to find missing terms in various sequences.

Uploaded by

Mrs. Lara
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ARITHMETIC AND

GEOMETRIC SEQUENCES
U2.9.1
3/20/15

Patterns in Nature

Famous Fibonacci Sequence

Wowsers! Cool Nature!

Fibonachos

Numerical patterns are called sequences

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Warm-Up 2.9.1
Describe the pattern and determine the
next number in the list
1, 3, 5, 7,
13, 18, 23, 28,
7, 4, 1, -2, -5,
-22, -15, -8, -1,
1, 3, 9, 27,
256, 64, 16, 4,
4, 8/3, 16/9, 32/81,
1/2, -1/4, 1/8, -1/16,

Definitions
Arithmetic Sequence: is one in which each
member of the sequence has a constant factor
added or subtracted to get the next member.
Ex.: 2,4,6,8,12,14
Geometric Sequence: is one in which each
member of the sequence is multiplied or
divided by a constant factor to get the next
number.
Ex.: 2,6,18,54,162,486,1458

Who is Who

Arithmetic Sequence: basics to know


Common Difference : is the constant difference between the
numbers of the sequence is the number we added or subtracted
Explicit Formula or rule: Is the formula used to find the nth
term of a sequence

an a1 (n 1)d

nth term: is the number of terms in the sequence


Recursive formula or rule: a formula used to find the next term
of a sequence when the previous term is known

an an 1 d
Arithmetic Sequences are linear functions!!!

http://www.mathsisfun.com/algebra/sequ
ences-sums-arithmetic.html

Mathisfun.com

Recursion= Iteration

Arithmetic Recursion Formula:

an = an 1 + d

where : an 1 = the _ previous _ term

Ex.: a = 2
1

d
=
2

a1 = 2
a2 = a1 + d = 2 + 2 = 4
a3 = a2 + d = 4 + 2 = 6
a4 = a3 + d = 6 + 2 = 8

Kuta Software

Yeah!!!!

Geometric Sequence:

basics to know

Constant Ratio: the constant number we multiplied or divided by


to get the next number.
Explicit formula or rule: a formula used to find the nth term of
n 1
the sequence

an a1 r

nth term: is the number of terms in the sequence


Recursive formula or rule: Recursive formula or rule: a formula
used to find the next term of a sequence when the previous term is
known

an an 1 r

Geometric Sequences are exponential functions!!!

http://www.mathsisfun.com/algebra/sequ
ences-sums-geometric.html

Guided Practice

The area of a
square
A=bxl=5x5=25

The _ exp licit _ formula :


an = a1 r n 1
a11 = 3 2111 = 3 210 = 3072

The _ exp licit _ formula :


an = a1 r n 1
1 91
18 1
a9 = 81
= 81
=
3
3
81

The _ exp licit _ formula :


an = a1 r n 1
a6 = 5 r 61 = 5 r 5
1
5

160

160
5
= r = r = 2
5
5

__ , __ , __ , 27 , __ , __ , 1
This can only happens if we are
dividing each term by 3 (common
ratio) so to retrace we multiplied
by 3: 27x3=81, 81x3=243,
243x3=729

The _ exp licit _ formula :


an = a1 r n 1
a6 = 5 r 61 = 5 r 5
1

160
5
160
5
= r = r = 2
5
5

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