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Sulphric Acid (H SO) : Uses of Sulphuric Acid

Sulphuric acid is a highly corrosive strong mineral acid that is a central substance in the chemical industry. It has many applications including manufacturing fertilizer, detergent, pesticide, synthetic fibers, and lead-acid batteries. Sulphuric acid is manufactured through the contact process, which involves three stages. In the first stage, sulphur or metal sulphides are burned in air to produce sulphur dioxide. In the second stage, sulphur dioxide is oxidized to sulphur trioxide using a catalyst. In the third stage, sulphur trioxide is dissolved in concentrated sulphuric acid to form oleum, which is then diluted with water to produce concentrated sul

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Suet Yee Leong
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11 views

Sulphric Acid (H SO) : Uses of Sulphuric Acid

Sulphuric acid is a highly corrosive strong mineral acid that is a central substance in the chemical industry. It has many applications including manufacturing fertilizer, detergent, pesticide, synthetic fibers, and lead-acid batteries. Sulphuric acid is manufactured through the contact process, which involves three stages. In the first stage, sulphur or metal sulphides are burned in air to produce sulphur dioxide. In the second stage, sulphur dioxide is oxidized to sulphur trioxide using a catalyst. In the third stage, sulphur trioxide is dissolved in concentrated sulphuric acid to form oleum, which is then diluted with water to produce concentrated sul

Uploaded by

Suet Yee Leong
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SULPHRIC ACID

(H2SO4)
1. Sulphuric acid is a highly corrosive strong mineral acid with the
molecular formula H2SO4.
2.

Sulphuric acid is a diprotic acid.


3. Sulphuric acid has a wide range of applications. It is also a central
substance in the chemical industry.
Uses of Sulphuric Acid
a) manufacturing fertiliser
b) manufacturing detergent
c) manufacturing pesticide
d) manufacturing synthetic fibre
e) as electrolyte in lead-acid accumulator
f) removing metal oxide
g) manufacturing paint

Manufacture of sulphuric acid


1.

Sulphuric acid, H2SO4 is manufactured in industry through Contact Process.

2.

The raw materials used are sulphur, air and water

3.

The Contact process consists of three stages.

Stage 1: formation of sulphur dioxide


a) Molten sulphur is burnt in dry air to produce sulphur dioxide
b) The gas produced is then purified and cooled.
S+O2SO2
c) Sulphur dioxide can also be produced by burning metal sulphide
such as lead(II) sulphide or zinc sulphide in dry air.
2PbS+3O22PbO+2SO2

Stage 2 : formation of sulphur trioxide


a) Sulphur dioxide is oxidised to sulphur trioxide via a reversible and
exothermic reaction.
2SO2 + O2
2SO3
b) Optimum conditions used are as follow.
i) Temperature: 450-500 C

ii) Pressure: 2 3 atm


iii) Catalyst: Vanadium(V) oxide
c) About 97% conversion occurs under these conditions.

Stage 3: formation of sulphuric acid


a) Sulphur trioxide is dissolved in concentrated sulphuric acid and react to
form oleum.
SO3 + H2SO4
H2S2O7
b) Sulphur dioxide is not dissolved in water as the heat evolved vapourises
the sulphuric acid which is hard to collect.
c) The oleum is then diluted with water and react to produce concentrated
sulphuric acid,98% H2SO4
d) The oleum, H2S2O7 is then diluted with water to produce concentrated
sulphuric acid, H2SO4 in large quantities.
H2S2O7+H2O2H2SO4

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