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Selecting Current Transformer

The document discusses guidelines for selecting current transformers (CTs) according to IEC standards. It provides a formula for calculating the minimum CT secondary excitation voltage to avoid saturation given the ratio of fault current to nominal current, transient dimensioning factor, CT secondary resistance, and CT burden. It also states that to avoid saturation, the CT must develop adequate voltage such that the secondary voltage is greater than the fault current multiplied by the sum of the CT secondary resistance, lead resistance, and burden resistance. The document then provides an example calculation to determine the maximum allowable lead resistance for a distance relay given specifications of the primary fault current, system X/R ratio, CT ratio, rating and resistance, design burden, relay burden, and secondary

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322399mk7086
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63 views

Selecting Current Transformer

The document discusses guidelines for selecting current transformers (CTs) according to IEC standards. It provides a formula for calculating the minimum CT secondary excitation voltage to avoid saturation given the ratio of fault current to nominal current, transient dimensioning factor, CT secondary resistance, and CT burden. It also states that to avoid saturation, the CT must develop adequate voltage such that the secondary voltage is greater than the fault current multiplied by the sum of the CT secondary resistance, lead resistance, and burden resistance. The document then provides an example calculation to determine the maximum allowable lead resistance for a distance relay given specifications of the primary fault current, system X/R ratio, CT ratio, rating and resistance, design burden, relay burden, and secondary

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322399mk7086
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SELECTING CURRENT TRANSFORMER

IEC Guidelines
IEC 44-6 presents the requirements for CT transient
performance in the form of a minimum saturation voltage as
the following:
Eal KsscKtd Rct Rb Isn
where:
Eal is the CT secondary excitation voltage, which
corresponds to a magnetizing current that produces the
maximum permissible error.
Kssc is the ratio of fault current to nominal current.
Ktd is the transient dimensioning factor.
Rct is the CT secondary resistance.
Rb is the CT burden.
Isn is the nominal secondary current
To avoid saturation, the CT shall develop adequate voltage such that
VX > If (RCT+RL+RB)- - - - - - - (1)
where,
If = Fault current on CT secondary (Amps)
RCT = CT Secondary resistance (Ohms)
RL = CT Secondary total lead resistance (Ohms)
and RB =CT secondary connected burden (Ohms

Example:
What can be the maximum lead resistance for the application of a distance relay with the
following data?
Primary fault current =10kA (from system study)
System X/R =15 (from system study)
CT ratio = 1000/5A
CT rating =C400 (CT existing)
Design burden = 4 Ohms (as per standards for C400 CT)
CT resistance = 0.25 Ohms (Data from manufacturer)
Relay burden = Negligible (numerical relay)
Calculations:
Secondary fault current
= 10000/ (1000/5)
=50A
Ni = 100/50 =2
Nr = (RCT +4) / (RCT+RL+RB)
= (0.25+4) / (0.25+ RL)
= 4.25/ (0.25+ RL)

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