Selecting Current Transformer
Selecting Current Transformer
IEC Guidelines
IEC 44-6 presents the requirements for CT transient
performance in the form of a minimum saturation voltage as
the following:
Eal KsscKtd Rct Rb Isn
where:
Eal is the CT secondary excitation voltage, which
corresponds to a magnetizing current that produces the
maximum permissible error.
Kssc is the ratio of fault current to nominal current.
Ktd is the transient dimensioning factor.
Rct is the CT secondary resistance.
Rb is the CT burden.
Isn is the nominal secondary current
To avoid saturation, the CT shall develop adequate voltage such that
VX > If (RCT+RL+RB)- - - - - - - (1)
where,
If = Fault current on CT secondary (Amps)
RCT = CT Secondary resistance (Ohms)
RL = CT Secondary total lead resistance (Ohms)
and RB =CT secondary connected burden (Ohms
Example:
What can be the maximum lead resistance for the application of a distance relay with the
following data?
Primary fault current =10kA (from system study)
System X/R =15 (from system study)
CT ratio = 1000/5A
CT rating =C400 (CT existing)
Design burden = 4 Ohms (as per standards for C400 CT)
CT resistance = 0.25 Ohms (Data from manufacturer)
Relay burden = Negligible (numerical relay)
Calculations:
Secondary fault current
= 10000/ (1000/5)
=50A
Ni = 100/50 =2
Nr = (RCT +4) / (RCT+RL+RB)
= (0.25+4) / (0.25+ RL)
= 4.25/ (0.25+ RL)