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Chapter 5 Motion

There are two types of vehicles that move on land - those without engines like bicycles, and those with engines like cars and buses. Vehicles without engines use human or animal energy to power their wheels. Vehicles with engines use an internal combustion engine to convert the chemical energy in fuel into heat energy and then kinetic energy to power the vehicle. There are different types of internal combustion engines for different vehicles, such as four-stroke petrol engines for cars, four-stroke diesel engines for buses and trucks, and two-stroke petrol engines for motorcycles.

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Nurliana Roslan
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59 views

Chapter 5 Motion

There are two types of vehicles that move on land - those without engines like bicycles, and those with engines like cars and buses. Vehicles without engines use human or animal energy to power their wheels. Vehicles with engines use an internal combustion engine to convert the chemical energy in fuel into heat energy and then kinetic energy to power the vehicle. There are different types of internal combustion engines for different vehicles, such as four-stroke petrol engines for cars, four-stroke diesel engines for buses and trucks, and two-stroke petrol engines for motorcycles.

Uploaded by

Nurliana Roslan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SCIENCE FORM 5

CHAPTER 5: MOTION /GERAKAN


5.1

Motion of vehicles on land


1) There are 2 types of vehicles on land: vehicles without an engine, for example bicycle
vehicles with engines, for example, cars, busses.
2) Structure and principle of operation of vehicles without an engine
- Vehicles which do not operate by using engine use energy from human or animals to
rotate their wheels.
- A bicycle as shown in figure below is moved with human energy.

3) Structure and principle of operation of vehicles with engines


- An engine is a machine that converts the chemical energy stored in a fuel into heat
energy.
- The heat energy, which is produced from the combustion of fuels, is then converted
into kinetic energy.
- Chemical energy
heat energy
kinetic energy
- Cars are operated by both petrol and diesel engines while heavy vehicles such as
buses are run by using diesel engines.
- There are different types of internal combustion engines, such as
- a) the four stroke petrol engine ( for light vehicles such as car)
- b) the four stroke diesel engine ( for heavy vehicles such as buses and lorries)
- c) the two stroke petrol engine ( for motorcycle)
i)

The four stroke petrol engine (for light vehicles such as car)

ii)

The four stroke petrol engine (for light vehicles such as car)

iii)

The two stroke petrol engine


-

Used for small machines e.g. motor boats, motorcycles.


It is an inlet tube for the petrol-air mixture to go in and an outlet tube for exhaust
gases to up escape.
The inlet tube and the outlet tube are open or closed by the piston moving up and
down.

Differences between the Four-stroke Petrol Engine and the Four-stroke Diesel Engine

Differences between the Four-stroke Petrol Engine and the Two-stroke Diesel Engine

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