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AECT480 Lecture 21

1) The document summarizes the empirical design method for load-bearing concrete walls according to the ACI. It provides requirements for wall geometry, reinforcement, and calculating the design axial strength. 2) An example problem is presented to demonstrate the design of an 8-inch thick concrete wall supporting steel beams spaced 6 feet apart. Calculations are shown to check service load eccentricity, factored axial load, concrete bearing strength, and design axial strength of the wall according to the empirical method. 3) The wall is designed with #5 bars at 18 inches on center vertically and horizontally based on the provided reinforcement equations. A summary sketch is included. The wall is found to be adequate for all design checks using the

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Mahfuzur Rahman
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50 views

AECT480 Lecture 21

1) The document summarizes the empirical design method for load-bearing concrete walls according to the ACI. It provides requirements for wall geometry, reinforcement, and calculating the design axial strength. 2) An example problem is presented to demonstrate the design of an 8-inch thick concrete wall supporting steel beams spaced 6 feet apart. Calculations are shown to check service load eccentricity, factored axial load, concrete bearing strength, and design axial strength of the wall according to the empirical method. 3) The wall is designed with #5 bars at 18 inches on center vertically and horizontally based on the provided reinforcement equations. A summary sketch is included. The wall is found to be adequate for all design checks using the

Uploaded by

Mahfuzur Rahman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

Lecture 21 Load-Bearing Walls

The ACI recognizes the Empirical Design Method for the design of loadbearing concrete walls having the following limitations:

Load-bearing Wall

1. Wall must be solid, with a rectangular cross-section


Lu
25

2. Minimum wall thickness tw = larger of

4 Interior walls only


7 Exterior walls

3. Applied load eccentricity e (including lateral load moments) <


4. Wall must be adequately anchored at top and bottom

Lecture 21 Page 1 of 7

tw
6

5. Must have horizontal & vertical reinforcement, with 2 rows of


reinforcing for walls with tw > 10
Vert. bars As = 0.0012(tw)(12)
#3, #4, #5 grade 60 bars

Horz. bars As = 0.0020(tw)(12)


Vert. bars As = 0.0015(tw)(12)

#6 and bigger grade 60 bars

Horz. bars As = 0.0025(tw)(12)


3tw

Maximum bar spacing = smaller of

or
18

6. Effective length of wall for beam reaction = Leff


Center-to-center spacing of beams
Leff = smaller of
Width of bearing + 4tw
7. Design factored axial strength of wall = Pn
KL 2
u

Pn = 0.55f ' c Ag 1
32t w

where: = 0.70
fc = specified concrete strength, PSI
K = end fixity of walls
= 1.0 for pinned-pinned
= 0.70 for fixed-pinned
Ag = Gross effective area of wall section, in2
= Leff x tw
Lu = unbraced height of wall, inches
tw = thickness of wall, inches

Lecture 21 Page 2 of 7

Example
GIVEN: A poured-in-place concrete wall supports W18x35 steel beams spaced
6-0 apart and rests on 10 wide steel bearing plates. Use the following:

Beam end reaction = 22 KIPS Service Dead Load (Not incl. wall wt.)
= 15 KIPS Service Live Load

Wind pressure on wall = 25 PSF (service load)


Concrete fc = 4000 PSI
Use #5 grade 60 vertical and horizontal bars
Assume K = 1.0 for wall end fixity

REQUIRED: Design the wall using the Empirical Design Method.


PDEAD = 22 KIPS
PLIVE = 15 KIPS

Wall

Lu = 13-0

10 bearing
plate

Wind = 25 PSF

Steel beam

Fin. Grade
Slab on grade

Lecture 21 Page 3 of 7

Step 1 Determine Trial thickness of wall, tw:


Lu
13'0" (12" / ft )
=
= 6.24
25
25

Minimum wall thickness tw = larger of

4
7 Largest

TRY tw = 8 which is > 7


Step 2 Determine maximum SERVICE wind moment Mwind on wall:
Assume a 1-0 wide strip of wall:
Mwind =

wL2
8

(25PSFx1'0" )(13' ) 2
=
8
Mwind = 528 Ft-Lb per 1-0 length of wall
= 528 Ft-Lb(6-0) for beam spacing
= 3168 Ft-Lb per 6-0 length of wall
Step 3 Determine the maximum SERVICE vertical load on wall Ptotal:
Ptotal = PDEAD + PLIVE
= (PDEAD + wall weight) + PLIVE
8"

= (22 KIPS + (6-0


0.150 KCF ) 13'0" )) + 15 KIPS
12" / ft

= 29.8 KIPS + 15 KIPS


Ptotal = 44.8 KIPS

Lecture 21 Page 4 of 7

Step 4 Determine if eccentricity is acceptable for Empirical Design:


e = eccentricity
M
Service wind load moment
=
P
=

3.168Kip Ft (12" / ft )
44.8KIPS

Service axial load (see


above)

= 0.85 inches
The empirical design method dictates that e <
tw
8"
=
6
6

tw
6

Wall thickness

tw
= 1.33 > 0.85 OK to use Empirical Design Method
6

Step 5 Determine applied factored axial load, Pu:


Pu = 1.2(PDEAD) + 1.6(PLIVE)
= 1.2(29.8 KIPS) + 1.6(15 KIPS)
= 59.8 KIPS
Step 6 Determine factored bearing strength of concrete:
A1 = bearing contact area from beam, in2
= (bearing plate width)(tw)
= (10)(8)
= 80 in2
Concrete bearing capacity = 0.9(0.85fcA1)
= 0.9(0.85(4000 PSI)(80 in2))
Concrete bearing capacity = 244,000 Lbs > 59.8 KIPS OK

Lecture 21 Page 5 of 7

Step 7 Determine design axial strength of wall Pn:


Leff = smaller of

Center-to-center spacing of beams = 6(12/ft) = 72


Width of bearing + 4tw = 10 + 4(8) = 42 USE

Ag = Gross effective area of wall section, in2


= Leff x tw
= (42)(8)
= 336 in2
KL 2
u

Pn = 0.55f ' c Ag 1
32t w

(1.0)(13' x12" / ft ) 2

= 0.55(0.70)(4000 PSI )(336in ) 1
32(8" )


2

Pn = 325,300 Lbs. > 59.8 KIPS wall is acceptable


Step 8 Determine vertical and horizontal bars:
#3, #4, #5 grade 60 bars

Vert. bars As = 0.0012(tw)(12)


Horz. bars As = 0.0020(tw)(12)

a) Vert. bars As = 0.0012(8)(12)


= 0.115 in2 per 1-0 length of wall
0.31in 2 _ per _#5 _ bar

spacing = 12
0.115in 2

= 32.3

32.3
or
3tw = 3(8) = 24

Maximum bar spacing = smaller of

or
18 USE

USE #5 vertical bars @ 18 o.c.

Lecture 21 Page 6 of 7

b) Horizontal bars As = 0.0020(tw)(12)


= 0.0020(8)(12)
= 0.192 in2
0.31in 2 _ per _#5 _ bar

spacing = 12
0.192in 2

= 19.4
19.4
or

Maximum bar spacing = smaller of

3tw = 3(8) = 24
or
18 USE

USE #5 horizontal bars @ 18 o.c.

Step 9 Draw Summary Sketch:

18
Lu = 13-0

W18x35 Steel beam


10 bearing plate

8 thick concrete Wall

#5 @ 18 ea.
way

Slab on grade

NOTES:

Fin. Grade

1) Conc. fc = 4000 PSI.


2) All bars grade 60
3) Footing dowels and keyway not shown

Lecture 21 Page 7 of 7

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