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Maths - Probability Intro

This document provides an introduction to the topic of probability for a Year 10 math class. It outlines the goals of understanding basic probability definitions and applying them through practice exercises. The lesson begins with an experimental probability example of flipping a coin and recording outcomes. This leads into definitions of key probability terms like trial, outcome, event, and favorable outcome. Students then learn about theoretical probability and calculating probabilities using a sample space rather than real data. Formulas for calculating probability from experimental and theoretical data are presented. The lesson concludes with examples problems for students to practice the new concepts.

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66 views

Maths - Probability Intro

This document provides an introduction to the topic of probability for a Year 10 math class. It outlines the goals of understanding basic probability definitions and applying them through practice exercises. The lesson begins with an experimental probability example of flipping a coin and recording outcomes. This leads into definitions of key probability terms like trial, outcome, event, and favorable outcome. Students then learn about theoretical probability and calculating probabilities using a sample space rather than real data. Formulas for calculating probability from experimental and theoretical data are presented. The lesson concludes with examples problems for students to practice the new concepts.

Uploaded by

api-296348535
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PROBABILITY

Introduction to Single Events


Subject: Maths
Topic: Probability
Goals:
Understand basic probability definitions and terms
Apply knowledge through practice exercises

Year: 10
Teacher: Miss J Galambosi
Student Prior Knowledge:
Data representation and Interpretation
Pattern and Algebra
Real Numbers
Simple/compound interestIn
Evaluation:

Preparation/Resources:
Coin
Whiteboard markers
Personal definition sheet
Text books
Timing:
Learning Activities:
25mins
Introduction to new topic PROBABILITY
Show a coin, ask;
Q. What is the probability of getting a heads when flipped?
A. Always 0.5
(Draw on the board P(H)=1/2

We havent even flipped the coin yet, but we can easily conclude
that theres a 50% chance of getting a heads.
If we were to flip the coin, you could say that we were going to do an
experiment. This is what we call experimental probability. (Put up
first definition of exp. Prob)
So lets give it a go. Everyone up Play heads or tails. Record

Resources
Coin, Personal Sheet w/
definitions
Whiteboard makers

results on whiteboard for each round.


We just did an experiment. We have real data and can now
determine the probability of getting heads from the data.
Every time we flipped the coin, we did a trial. (Write up trial
definition.)
The results from our trials are our outcomes. (Write up outcome
definition)
If we want to find the probability of getting heads, we call the
heads our event. We then look at all of our outcomes and find the
ones that resulted in heads. Those are our favourable outcomes.
(Note refer to data on board and p(h)=1/2 formula when
explaining)
To make it simple, we have a formula P(event) = No. of favourable
outcomes / No. of trials
So P(Heads) = how many heads/total number of coin tosses
Work out data from the class results.
At the beginning, we didnt actually flip the coin. We just
hypothesised that it would be 50%. This is what we call theoretical
probability. (Write definition)
Because we arent using real data, that means we have no trials. So
how do we work out that probability?
Lets imagine a dice. There are 6 sides. Therefore when we roll the
dice, we have 6 possible outcomes, 1,2,3,4,5,6.

These possible outcomes form our sample space. The sample space
is like the trials in experimental.
Lets say we want to find the probability of rolling a 3. We use a
similar formula, but this time we have P(Event)= n(event) /
n(sample space)
So P(rolling a 3) = 1/6
You can also look at p(3 or 6) = 2/6
**Do the diagram of how all the pieces fit together.
The last part of single probability is looking at expected frequency.
Or the probability of future events.
To find this out, we simply find the product of probability and the
future event. Eg, if we flip the coin 10 times, how many times will it
land on heads.
x 10 = 5
Definitions
Probability the measure of how likely an event is
Experimental Probability uses real data to work out chances
or likelihoods
Trial Each item of data in a probability experiment
Theoretical Probability using possible data to work out
chances or likelihoods
Sample spaces The list of possible outcomes
Element/Sample point Single outcome in theoretical or
experimental probability
Outcomes data received from trials

Favourable outcomes the specific outcomes relevant to your


event
Event one or more outcomes of an experiment

Formula
Probability is a number between 0-1 (0 impossible, 1 its certain)
Often expressed as a fraction, doesnt have to be simplified.
5 mins
25 mins

P(event) = Frequency of event / total frequency


P(event) = No. of favourable outcomes / No. of trials
P(event) = n(event) / n(sample space)
Expected frequency the product of probability and future attempts
I.e. Probability x Future Events

5 mins

Get students to distribute textbooks and turn to page 271. Do


example 1 together, if they need more assistance, do example 2
also.
Have a go!
Hand out textbooks between pairs; write on the board to complete
questions 4-6, 10 on page 276/7.
Conclusion
Brief overview of definitions learnt
Give a heads up for the next class (If they need to bring anything
etc.)

Textbooks

Experiment
al
Probability

Theoretical
Probability
Sample
Space

Trials

Events
Outcomes

Element/Sample
Point

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