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Sponges, cnidarians, mollusks, annelids, fish, amphibians are compared in this evolution table. Sponges are the simplest, being asymmetrical filter feeders without tissues or organs. Cnidarians are radially symmetrical predators with tentacles surrounding their mouth. Mollusks are more complex with a muscular foot and radula for feeding. Annelids are segmented worms with closed circulatory systems. Fish are aquatic vertebrates that breathe through gills and reproduce both internally and externally. Amphibians live on land as adults and in water as larvae, exchanging gases through their skin and lungs.

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Sponges, cnidarians, mollusks, annelids, fish, amphibians are compared in this evolution table. Sponges are the simplest, being asymmetrical filter feeders without tissues or organs. Cnidarians are radially symmetrical predators with tentacles surrounding their mouth. Mollusks are more complex with a muscular foot and radula for feeding. Annelids are segmented worms with closed circulatory systems. Fish are aquatic vertebrates that breathe through gills and reproduce both internally and externally. Amphibians live on land as adults and in water as larvae, exchanging gases through their skin and lungs.

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Evolution Table By Rodrigo Alvarado, Brian Burrous & Nick Ruiz

Phylum

Body Plan

Feeding

Porifera (Sponges)

Cnidaria (Polyp/Medusa)

Cnidarians are radially


Body Symmetry Absent Sponges
symmetrical. They have a
are asymetrical no front, back or
central mouth surronded by
sides sponges are more like
numerous tentacles that extend
cylinders
out ward from the body

Mollusks

Not Applicable

Sponges are filter feeders this


Feed through a tongue
means that they sift microscopic Cnidarians sting their prey and calleda a Radula. Used to
food particles out of water and
either scrape algae off
suck it into their mouth.
digestion happens inside each cell
surfaces or to break up prey's
this is called intracellular
tissue.

Annelidia
Body of an annelid is divided into septa (internal
walls between each segment) They are worms
with segmented bodies.

Range from filter feeders to dangerous


predators.

Fishes

Amphibians

Aquatic vertebrates that are characterized by fins,


scales, and gills. However, they vary in size, shape,
and color.

A vertebrate that usually lives in water as a


larva and on land as an adult. It has moist
skin that contains mucus glands and lacks
scales and claws.

Tadpoles are usually filter feeders or


There are all types of feeding found within fishes there
are herbivores, carnivores, parasites, filter feeders & herbivores. When they change into adults,
thei
feeding apparatus and digestive tract
ditrus feeders. In some fishes they might exhibit more
changes to become carnivores. They will
than one mode of feeding
pretty much eat any type of meat.

Sponges rely on water moving


Fishes breathe through gills which takes in oxygen Gas exchange occurs through skin and gills
through there bodies to carry out
Organs located in the visceral
Respiratory/ most bodily functions. The sponge's After digesting their food, the mass. They have a heart and
fillled water and removes the oxygen from it. Fishes in larval amphibians. Adults use lungs. Many
Circulatory/
Blood
circulates
through
two
major
blood
vessels
have
closed circulatory systems that pump the blood in salamanders do not have lungs so they
cells dissolves oxygen from the
nutrients are are distributed to
blood vessels and have a
Excretion water and diffuses it to its cells in the
that run to each end.
a single loop heart to gils sills torest of body then back. exchange gases through the thin lining of
each cell.
normal open circulatory
Systems
Fish
rid themselves of nitrogen by forming ammonia
same way it excretes or exhales by
system.
their mouth cavity.
and all the rest diffuses through the gills.
putting it back into the water

Response

Sponges don't have nervous


systems so they can't respond to
changes in the enviroment but some
do create poison making them
unpalatable or poisonous to
potential pedators

Sponges reproduce sexually or


asexually this is possible because a
Reproduction sponge creates both the sperm and
egg inside the body internal
fertilization

Complexity of nervous system


Annelids have a brain and seval nerve cords.
vary greatly depending on
Many annelids have adapted to detect other
mollusks. Clams have simple stimuli.
For example, sensory tectakles, chemical
nervous systems, but octopi receptors, statocysts to detect gravity, and two or
and their relatives are very
more pairs of eyes.
complex.
Can produce sexually and
Most annelids produce sexually. They usually
asexually. Most sexuual
have external fertilization and are either male or
Reproduce sexually by
reproduction is external
female. Orthers are hermaphorodites. They
fertilization in water. Female releasing sperm and eggs into
rarely fertilize their own eggs, but instead
water
releases eggs and male
"exchange sperm" and then store them in special
releases sperm
sacs until eggs are ready for fertilization.
Cnidardarians gather
information from their
enviroment by using special
sensory cells

Circulatory system is a double loop. The first


loop carries oxygen-poor blood from lungs
Fish have well-developed nervous systems. The brain
and skin to the heart. The second loop
is at the end of the spinal cord.
transports oxygen-rich blood from the heart
to the rest of the body and oxygen-poor
blood from the body back to the heart
Fish eggs are fertilized either externally or internally
but most fishes actually do this externally most of the Amphibian eggs do not have shells and dry
time and when they are they are named oviparious
out if not kept moist, so eggs are laid in
which means that to grow they obtain food from the
water and male fertilizes them externally.
egg yolk while in viviparious fish they obtain food
Eventually the eggs hatch larvae.
straight from the mother where they are located

Germ Layers

Absent

Two

Three

Three

Three

Three

Cephalization

Absent

Absent

Present

Present

Present

Present

Coelom

Absent

Absent

True Coelom

True Coelom

True Coelom

True Coelom

Early
Development

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Protostome

Protostome

Protostome

Protostome

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