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Chromoses & Genes Data Analysis

The document summarizes a study that analyzed samples of cod fish collected from 23 locations in the north Atlantic to determine the proportions of two alleles (PanIA and PanIB) of the PanI gene in each population. The results are displayed on a map with pie charts showing the allele frequencies for each population.

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palaa
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171 views

Chromoses & Genes Data Analysis

The document summarizes a study that analyzed samples of cod fish collected from 23 locations in the north Atlantic to determine the proportions of two alleles (PanIA and PanIB) of the PanI gene in each population. The results are displayed on a map with pie charts showing the allele frequencies for each population.

Uploaded by

palaa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as RTF, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

PanI is a gene in cod fish that codes for an integral membrane protein called pantophysin.
A
B
Two alleles of the gene, PanI and PanI , code for versions of pantophysin, that differ by four
amino acids in one region of the protein. Samples of cod fish were collected from 23 locations
A
B
in the north Atlantic and were tested to find the proportions of PanI and PanI alleles in each
population. The results are shown in pie charts, numbered 123, on the map below. The
proportions of alleles in a population are called the allele frequencies. The frequency of an allele
can vary from 0.0 to 1.0. The light grey sectors of the pie charts show the allele frequency of
A
B
PanI and the black sectors show the allele frequency of PanI .

[RAJ Case et al. 2005. Macro- and micro-geographic variation in pantophysin (PanI) allele frequencies in NE
Atlantic cod Gadus morhua. MEPS. Vol 301. Pp 267278. Figs 1 and 3.]

(a)

(i)

State the two populations with the highest PanI allele frequencies.
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(1)

(ii)

State the population in which the allele frequencies were closest to 0.5.
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(1)

IB Questionbank Biology

(b)

Deduce the allele frequencies of a population in which half of the cod fish had the
A
A
A
B
genotype PanI PanI , and half had the genotype PanI PanI .
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(1)

The graphs below show the latitude and the mean surface sea temperature in June of
A
the sampling locations and the frequency of the PanI allele.

[RAJ Case et al. 2005. Macro- and micro-geographic variation in pantophysin (PanI) allele frequencies in NE
Atlantic cod Gadus morhua. MEPS. Vol 301. Pp 267278. Figs 1 and 3.]

(c)

State the relationship between


(i)

latitude and the frequency of the PanI allele.


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(1)

(ii)

mean surface sea temperature in June and the frequency of the PanI
allele.

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IB Questionbank Biology

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(1)

(d)

Suggest how natural selection could have caused the relationships shown in the
graphs.
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(2)

(e)

The sites close to Iceland, at a latitude of 6065, had very varied allele frequencies,
A
B
with both PanI and PanI occurring. The water at these sample sites was highly
stratified, with much warmer water at the surface and much colder water below.
A
B
Suggest reasons for both PanI and PanI alleles occurring at these sites.
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(2)

(f)

Using the data in this question, predict the effects of global warming on cod fish
populations.
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IB Questionbank Biology

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(2)
(Total 11 marks)

IB Questionbank Biology

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