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Analog To Digital Conversion

This presentation discusses the analog to digital conversion process. It explains that sound is represented by pressure variations in air, while computers can only understand binary information as strings of numbers. The analog to digital conversion process converts continuously variable analog signals into discrete multi-level digital signals without altering the essential content. It involves sampling the analog signal at regular intervals and quantizing the signal levels into bits. The sampling rate determines the highest frequency that can be accurately represented.

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KseniaMarshavina
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51 views2 pages

Analog To Digital Conversion

This presentation discusses the analog to digital conversion process. It explains that sound is represented by pressure variations in air, while computers can only understand binary information as strings of numbers. The analog to digital conversion process converts continuously variable analog signals into discrete multi-level digital signals without altering the essential content. It involves sampling the analog signal at regular intervals and quantizing the signal levels into bits. The sampling rate determines the highest frequency that can be accurately represented.

Uploaded by

KseniaMarshavina
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Analog to Digital Conversion Process

Hi, Im Ksenia from Moscow, Russia. This presentation is about Analog to Digital
Conversion Process that covers week 2 of Introduction to Music production at
Coursera.
Sound is pressure variations in the air.
Computer can only deal with strings of numbers (binary information).
Analog-to-digital conversion is an electronic process in which analog
(continuously variable) signals are converted into digital (multi-level) signals
without altering their essential content. The analog information is transmitted by
modulating a continuous transmission signal and by amplifying the strength of the
signal or varying its frequency in order to add or subtract data. The input to an
analog-to-digital converter consists of a voltage which varies among a theoretically
infinite number of values. The output of the ADC however has defined levels or
states. The simplest digital signals only have two states and are therefore called
binary. Digital signals are transmitted in a more efficient way than analog signals
because well-defined digital impulses are easier for an electronic circuit to
distinguish than chaotic noise. This is the main advantage of digital
communications.

There is a process to go from the continually variable sound into the stream of 1s
and 0s - sampling process.

Binary information.

Binary information is based primarily on the bit.


A bit is a single memory location and everything comes down to bits.
In a single bit is a 1 or a 0.
Every number is collections of those 1s and 0s.
The number of bits determines the maximum number of states, or the biggest
number that you can represent.
If we have a single bit, we can represent two things, on or off.
If we want to represent larger numbers, we have to start collecting bits into words.
Sampling rate
When we're converting from analog to digital, we're making many measurements
per second.
How often we do the measurements is known as the sampling rate.
We have to measure over 40,000 times per second to be able to accurately
represent the continuously variable signals in the air as a digital representation.
The higher the sampling rate the higher frequency that can be represented
accurately in the digital domain.
The frequency that can be represented accurately is known as the Nyquist
frequency, but really is just half your sampling rate.

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