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Refining Processes 92 2 Examples

The document discusses two examples related to oil refining processes. The first example provides calculations for material balances of a fluid catalytic cracking unit (FCCU) operating at 75% conversion. The second example provides specifications for a catalytic cracking unit and calculates: (a) the weight percent of hydrogen in coke, (b) the coke yield based on feed, and (c) the catalyst to feed ratio. Mass and molar balances are performed and reaction stoichiometry is used to determine oxygen and hydrogen amounts.

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39 views

Refining Processes 92 2 Examples

The document discusses two examples related to oil refining processes. The first example provides calculations for material balances of a fluid catalytic cracking unit (FCCU) operating at 75% conversion. The second example provides specifications for a catalytic cracking unit and calculates: (a) the weight percent of hydrogen in coke, (b) the coke yield based on feed, and (c) the catalyst to feed ratio. Mass and molar balances are performed and reaction stoichiometry is used to determine oxygen and hydrogen amounts.

Uploaded by

mjsamet
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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-

:1 FCC 75
. sp gr 60/600F
1 gal=0.134 ft3 (CF) , 1 bbl=42 gal .

:
:
:
Lb/h S

Wt% S

Lb/h

Sp gr
60/600F

BPD

Wt.%

Vol. %

250.93
982.51
1233.44

0.1
0.3
-

250926.8
327503.7
578430.5

0.905
0.955
0.933
)(0API=20.16

19000
23500
42500

0.26*1233.44=320.7

**26

481.0

39

61.7
357.7
-

5
29
-

34705.8
14892.3
8175.5
30564.8
18506.2
8330.6
241718.8
157909.1
124477.5

0.522
0.507
0.601
0.563
0.584
6.25 lb/gal
8.4 lb/gal
-

1955
1105
3485
2252.5
977.5
22100
10742.1
8617.1

6
-

4.6
2.6
8.2
5.3
2.3
52
-

12.34

33431.6

8.99 lb/gal

2125

74.04
1233.44

1
100

63627.4
=578430.5

11
-

Components

Feed
)AGO (610-800 0F
)VGO (800-1050 0F
Total

Products
C2 and lighter
=C3
C3
=C4
i-C4
n-C4
C5+ gasoline
* TCGO
LCGO
HCGO
Coke
Total

** 6.26 Gary and Handwerk


)}TCGO (total cycle GO) mass=mass (Feed-{C5+ gasoline}-{Coke}-{C2-+C3=+C3+C4=+i-C4+n-C4
TCGO=157909.1 Lb/h
)LCGO (BPD)=TCGO (BPD)-HCGO (BPD) and also LCGO (Lb/h)=TCGO (Lb/h)-HCGO (Lb/h
.
*

:2 :
295000 lb/h

155000 lb/h

1.5wt% :Spent catalyst

FG :vol%
O2
0.7

0.8wt% :Regenerated catalyst

N2
81.3

CO
6

CO2
12

.
( (

( )(C/O

) : (Coke=C+H2

) 100 (FG
CO2
12
C=12
O2=12
CO
6
C=6
O2=3
O2
0.7
O2=0.7
total
18 mol 15.7 mol
= 21.6 mol=81.3*21/79
- =
21.6-15.7=5.9 mol
H2=2*5.9=11.8 mol
155000 (lb/h)* 1lbmol/29 lb=5345 lbmol/h
N2 (total molar rate)=4222.5 lbmol/h
O2 (total molar rate)=1122.5 lbmol/h

( :

H2 in coke =11.8*2/(11.8*2+18*12)*100=9.85 wt%


( :
18*12*4222.5/81.3=11218.45 lb/h

11218.45*100/(100-9.85)=12444 lb/h

Coke yield= 12444/295000 *100=4.2 wt%


( a :
0.015*(a+12444)-0.008*(a)=12444 a=1751330 lb/h

)C/O=1751330/295000=5.94 (w/w
0

:3 Hydrocracker 10000 BPD Kw=12.1 API=26.5

. N=0.3wt% S=0.7wt% O=0.15 wt% .


2000 scf/bbl Feed .
: )(= 10000/24=416.7 lb/h <= 1lb/bbl

: O N S
S+H2 H2S
32 2
34
914.8*34/32=972 lb/h

1/2N2+3/2H2 NH3
14
3
17
392*17/14=476 lb/h

H2+1/2O2 H2O
2
16
18
196*18/16=220.5 lb/h

Total H2 for HDS,HDN and HDO is 914.8*2/32+392.0*3/14+196.0*2/16=165.7 lb/h


2000(scf/bbl)/379*2*(10000/24)=4397.5 lb/h 379 scf=1 mol scf
wt%

BPD

Feed
H2

10000
2000
scf/bbl

H2
for
HDS,HDN and
HDO

H2
dissolved
(loss)
Products
H2S
NH3

H2O

sp gr
60/600F
0.8955
-

lb/h
130680.4
4397.5

165.7

416.7

972
476

220.5

C3 and lighter
4.24
n-C4
6.696
669.6
0.584
i-C4
13.572
1357.2
0.563
C5-180 0F
36.0
3600
0.66**
180-400 0F
69.0
6900
0.76
0 *)
400-520 F
H2 dissolved
Total
*)
calculated by total mass balance difference.
**)

5540.8
5706.5
11150.6
34673.0
76525.8
-21.6!
416.7

wt%

lb/h

wt%

lb/h

wt%

lb/h

0.7

914.8

0.3

392.0

0.15

196.0

135243.6

vol%

135265.2

Component

Kw
12.7
11.9
11.94

MeABP (0F)
131
281
460

Sp gr C5-180 0F: 12.7=(131+460)^1/3/sp gr => sp gr=0.66 and similar to 180-400 0F cut

2000 scf/bbl !
.

:4 7000 BPD sp gr 60/60=0.71


.
1 : 12-9-III 519 2
5.7 Fahim et al. .
:
:
:
lb/h2
72363.2

lb/h1
72363.2

sp gr
0.71

BPD
7000

wt%2
-

vol%1
100

Components
Feed
Product

=72363.3*0.348/100

=35*5.6*62.4*0.507/24

251.8

258.4

0.507

35

0.348

0.5

C3

=72363.3*0.619/100

=56*5.6*62.4*0.563/24

447.9

459.0

0.563

=72363.3*1.770/100

=154*5.6*62.4*0.584/24

1280.8

1309.5

0.584

=72363.3*97.261/100

72363.2=}{258.4+459.0+1309.5

0.701

56
154
6888

70381.3
70336.3
7000
72363.2
72363.2
100

0.619
1.770

0.8
2.2

i-C4
n-C4
+

97.261

98.4

C5 isomerate

100

101.9

Total

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