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Hip Bio Mechanics

The hip joint has less range of motion than the shoulder joint, with the hip having 120 degrees of flexion, 30 degrees of extension, 45 degrees of abduction, and 30 degrees of adduction. The hip is a large ball-and-socket synovial joint that is stable and designed primarily for weight-bearing activities. Key anatomical structures of the hip include the acetabulum, femoral head, labrum, capsule, and ligaments. Muscle forces and alignment are also important for hip function and biomechanics during activities like gait.

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Stephen_A_Blac_3524
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113 views

Hip Bio Mechanics

The hip joint has less range of motion than the shoulder joint, with the hip having 120 degrees of flexion, 30 degrees of extension, 45 degrees of abduction, and 30 degrees of adduction. The hip is a large ball-and-socket synovial joint that is stable and designed primarily for weight-bearing activities. Key anatomical structures of the hip include the acetabulum, femoral head, labrum, capsule, and ligaments. Muscle forces and alignment are also important for hip function and biomechanics during activities like gait.

Uploaded by

Stephen_A_Blac_3524
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Hip Biomechanics

MS2
T. Bevins
Hip joint
• Compare the hip to the shoulder
– How many degrees of freedom?
• Shoulder
• Hip
– How much motion:

Motion Shoulder ROM (630) Hip ROM (315)

Flexion 180 120

Extension 50 30

Abduction 180 45

Adduction 60 degrees or more 30

Internal rotation 70 40

External rotation 90 50
Motions

Extension
Hip joint
• Large diarthrodial (synovial) ball and
socket joint
• Stable
• Weight-bearing role – primary functions
are in closed chain
• Some open chain demands
Acetabulum
• Looks like the inside of a hemisphere, but
only the lunate surface is covered with
articular cartilage and transmits weight-
bearing forces
• Faces lateral, inferior, and slightly anterior
Center edge angle
Center edge angle
• A larger center edge angle adds stability
• Refers to the amount of the femoral head
that is covered by the acetabulum
• Less in young children – so their hips are
less stable
Acetabular labrum
• The acetabular labrum deepens the
acetabular socket
• Covers a large portion of the head of the
femur
• However, the labrum is not a weight-
bearing structure
• Degeneration and tears occur with aging –
thought to be from impingement and
twisting injury
Femoral head
• Has some orientation “issues”
Angle of inclination
125°
Angle of inclination
coxa valga coxa vara

PT
Angle of inclination

AT/PT
Angle of torsion
20°

HP/AT/PT

Anteversion

Retroversion
PT
Angle of torsion

PT
Angle of torsion:
anteverted hip in supine

PT
Angle of torsion: anteverted hip in standing with
hip medially rotated and lateral tibial torsion

PT
Coverage of the femoral head
(congruence, articular contact, and stability)
less in more in
anatomic position Flex/Abd/ER

PT
Capsule and ligaments
Capsule and ligaments
Capsule and ligaments
Capsule and ligaments
Capsule and ligaments
Capsule and ligaments
Force of gravity and ground reaction force produce
a bending force on the neck of femur
Forces on femur are resisted by
trabecular lines
Forces on femur are resisted by
trabecular lines
Force of gravity and ground reaction force produce
a bending force on the shaft of the femur
Muscles
Muscles
Muscles
Muscles
Muscles
Muscles
Muscles
Muscles
Muscles
Muscles
Muscles
Muscles
Bursae
Muscles, muscle function, muscle balance,
posture, and segmental alignment
Muscles, muscle function, muscle balance,
posture, and segmental alignment
Muscles, muscle function, muscle balance,
posture, and segmental alignment
Muscles, muscle function, muscle balance,
posture, and segmental alignment
Muscles, muscle function, muscle balance,
posture, and segmental alignment
Gait
Muscles, muscle function, muscle balance,
posture, and segmental alignment
Muscles, muscle function, muscle balance,
posture, and segmental alignment
Muscles, muscle function, muscle balance,
posture, and segmental alignment
Motion analysis
Motion analysis
Kinematic diagragms
Kinematic diagragms
Kinematic diagragms

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