Bar Exam Tips & Secrets

THE GREAT FORMULA

IN PASSING THE BAR EXAMINATIONS
Contributed by:
Atty. Glenn M. Mortel
([email protected])
"There is nothing that can help a bar examinee most than a constant and intensive
study of the provisions of the various codes and the interpretation and application
thereof by the Supreme Court in its decisions. By study is meant, that the provisions
must be correctly understood and the thought or words thereof put to memory. After
a chapter, for example, has been studied, the next one should be studied next, and
after this, a review of all that has already been studied re-reviewed, to keep the
subject matter and the provisions fresh in mind." - Alejo Labrador
1. Actual preparation for the bar examination starts from the first day a law student
attended class during the first year in the law school.
2. The blooming secret in passing the bar examination is this: Present good answers
that will make the examiners take notice. Good answers anchored upon logical
reasoning, written in readable English and more importantly, justified by appropriate
legal authority.
3. If the candidates are at a loss as to what specific legal provisions or case
doctrines to use in answering problems, the only alternative left for them is to use
their own common sense.
4. The key to passing the bar examinations is contained in one word: ARTICULATION.
Articulation is expressive of the following basic fundamentals: good language,
impressive presentation, logical reasoning and substantial background knowledge of
law and procedure.
5. The examinee who has a fairly good command of English, assuming that he is
prepared in all other matters, stands definitely with a much better chance of
passing.
6. The responsive character of a given answer would depend to a great extent, on
command of good language, logical reasoning and impressive presentation. This
objective of preparing impressive and responsive answers can only be achieved by
constant practice.
7. Get this straight right now. Passing the bar examination has been, still is, and will
always be a difficult proposition!

8. No one can really help you pass the bar examination but yourself.
9. The greatest blooming secret of passing the bar examination is and will always
be: PREPARATION! Not just any kind of preparation, but proper, sound and
systematic preparation.
10. Systematic review can only be done by the use of what we call schedules which
the candidate must follow vigorously to the letter if he expects to attain the best
results.
11. There will be times when you become sleepy while reviewing but never for one
moment, tell yourself: Man, this review can wait! Do not be stupid. Always remind
yourself that time is of the essence and is decidedly running too short for you.
12. Force yourself to read, understand and absorb what law you reviewed.
Otherwise, all your efforts will go to waste.
13. Love and review cannot mix in the business of preparing for the bar
examination.
14. Early to bed, early to rise, that is the way to make a man healthy, wealthy and
wise.
15. A morning shower is a must.
16. Never stay up late to the wee hours of morning, cramming law into your head.
This would not do you any good. Remember, you have to conserve as much energy
as you possibly can.
17. Remember, keeping your health in good running condition is just as important
as reviewing and passing the bar examination.
18. Good handwriting is decidedly a great factor in passing the bar examination.
19. To beat time, never write kilometric answers.
20. By far the most important tool that the bar candidate could equip himself with
which to tackle the examination that is inherently personal to him is command of
written English.
21. You have to write simple, grammatically correct English if you want to hurdle the
examination.

22. Presentation of answers that are not only good but logical, full of substance and
supported by law and other authorities, are gems to the examiner, whether he has a
good or black heart.
23. Make your motto now: Stick to codal provisions! Compliment this with doctrines
laid down in recent decisions of the Supreme Court.
24. Impressive answers showing the candidates reasoning faculty is what the
examiners want to read in your examination notebooks.
25. Ability to retain your understanding of the substance of the law through efforts
of study is more desirable quality to possess than mere ability to memorize legal
provisions.
26. Memorizing a particular provision of law word for word but without
understanding it and its various implications is a lot of wasted effort.
27. Never fail to read the newspapers when you are preparing for the bar
examination. Read newspapers from 20 to 30 minutes every day.
28. You can never expect to pass the bar examination without preparation.
29. Predicting probable questions based on important principles or provisions of law
is the safer method of speculating what the examiners are likely to ask in their
examinations.
30. Never depend on tips for your passing. But never brush these tips aside as
nothing but trash. They may likely cause your downfall. Never, however, bank too
much on them.
31. Fountain or sign pens are really the most important equipment in bar
examination. Never start for the examination without bringing along with you two or
more fountain or sign pens.
32. Like the weather, examiners are absolutely a bunch of unpredictable fellows,
capable of asking unpredictable questions.
33. Do not try to memorize 50 definitions or distinctions in any given time. Two or
three will do.
34. The real secret in remembering the matters contained in an enumeration is the
use of keywords.
35. Make your keywords on enumerations you consider important.

36. Never leave a blank in an enumeration! However, if you use the letters a, b, c,
etc. for numbers in the enumeration, so much the better. Ten to one, the examiner
may not count his fingers. Make the first four in the enumeration definitely good.
37. The bar candidate should do well to be always on guard against catchy
questions capable of being answered in a number of ways, e.g. What is a complaint?
The perfect answer should include both definitions in criminal and civil procedure.
38. Never be content to answer questions with a mere yes or no. You must, at all
times, give justification why your answer is a yes or no. Unless, of course, the
examiner qualifies his question with instruction enclosed in parenthesis like:
(Answer with a yes or no only).
39. Always determine the real facts (examiners have the bad habit of including
irrelevant facts to confuse you) and the issue or issues in controversy. Which side
you take, always justify your side with reasons based on law, rule, equity and
justice. Whatever your answer may be, provided it is written in legible language, the
examiner will never deny you the corresponding credit you deserve.
40. Always remember, make efforts to frame your answers so that they are
responsive to the questions. Never beat around the bush. Go right straight ahead
with your answer. Avoid citations if and when you are not absolutely sure about
them. The shorter the answers are, the more direct, the better. Avoid display of
flowery expressions which are complicated by legal verbosity. All you need are
sensible, direct and reasonable answers that are responsive to the questions.
41. Legal knowledge is not enough to solve a particular legal issue. What is
important is ability to apply this knowledge to the solution of legal controversies.
42. The most convenient method of tackling problem questions is to present
immediately the conclusion of a given answer. Practice, practice, constant practice
will help the bar candidate write good answers that examiners will give favorable
credit.
43. The technique of writing down answers responsive to questions is a matter that
the candidate must learn as a matter of imperative necessity.
44. Brevity and directness when done properly could make an answer both effective
and impressive. However, when overdone to a point where the ideas sought to be
conveyed becomes vague and difficult to understand, they become a liability.
45. Never forget that every candidate is a potential bar topnotcher.

46. So, if you are a candidate just preparing for the bar examination, whose chances
of passing are quite problematical, just limit your ambition for the present to just
working hard to obtain a 75 percent in the great battle of your life.
47. Take comfort in this: That even those who become lawyers by "just luck", are
making good in the practice of law. Nothing can really put a determined man down.
48. In your preparation for the greatest battle of your life, call upon Him who is the
source of all knowledge, wisdom and understanding. In deep humility, bended
knees and tears, He will make all things beautiful in His time. Victory belongs to the
most persevering!
Note:
All excerpts, except the last (No. 48), were taken by Atty. GLENN M. MORTEL from
the book "SECRETS ON HOW TO PASS THE BAR EXAMINATION" by Dean Wenceslao
G. Laureta, 1990 edition.

Practical Suggestions on How to Pass the Bar

by John P. Virgino
Graduation for law students is so anti-climactic. As if the spartan life we have lived the past four years is not enough,
we still have to gear up and march to the Coliseum and wage an even greater battle. The fight is filled with
uncertainties, for when we step into the ring, we are on our own. There is no assurance that we would emerge as
victorious Gladiators cheered upon by the crowd, or be the next Happy Meal for the royal lions.
The first thing a reviewee must do is to accept this reality. Studying for the bar is one big marshmallow test. It would
entail a drastic change in habit and lifestyle. Sacrifices must be made. The sooner you accept it, the better you could
cope with the bar exams demands and challenges.
As Sun Tzu once said, the art of war includes knowing ones enemy. The number one enemy that a bar reviewee must
confront is his fear of the unknown, the anxiety as to what lies ahead. It is human to fear what one doesnt
understand. So, the main goal of this exercise is to help you understand what the bar is. I hope this article could serve
as a map that would aid you conquer the bars perilous terrain.
The tips contained herein are not foolproof. Its objective is modest-it is simply to pass the bar. Most of the
suggestions contained here were culled from my experience. However, to give it some credibility, I also included the
effective habits of fellow reviewees, as well as sound advice from previous topnotchers (Macel and Raj).

I. PREPARING FOR THE BAR

Set your goals and devise your own strategy on how to do it. When you have no gameplan, you simply conform and
follow what the others are doing. This can be dangerous.
Strategize and maximize. Follow the Pareto principle. Each one is given more or less the same amount of time to
study. You must be able to manage your scarce resources. Concentrate on your critical few, the 20% input that would
produce 80% of your output.
Organize your materials ahead of time. Buy the right books and review materials.
Political Law -Outline by Nachura
Labor Law- Azucenas Everybodys Labor Code and Alcantara
Civil- Jurado
Taxation -Dan Calicas Reviewer
Commercial -Miravite/Villanueva
Criminal -Ortega Notes
Remedial -Regalado
Legal Ethics -Aguirre
STARTER KIT
a good and sturdy bookstand
a good lamp, white light
a cubicle made from illustration boards, this would give you privacy and minimize distractions (for student lounge
people)
earplugs, to block off noise. It also sends a signal to noisy co-reviewees to shut-up
vitamins/supplements
notebook, index cards
a good supply of highlighters
post-its. The tags can be used to divide the material, which can mark your goal for the day. By breaking the books into
parts, it makes reading more manageable.
II. STUDYING FOR THE BAR
Master the codal provisions. This is a minimum requirement. You can never go wrong with this strategy.
Manage your time according to the weight of the subject. Not all bar subjects are created equal.

 Prepare a tentative schedule for your bar review.

Adjust your body clock. Sleep early, start early. Some reviewees even go to the extent of simulating the bar month by
making Monday their rest day (since Mondays are brain-dead days during September)
Have a study buddy so that you can have a benchmark. This would help pace yourself, giving you the extra push to
study. Your study buddy must have good study habits. She need not be your girlfriend.
Learn the art of answering the bar. Study how bar questions are phrased and how it should be answered.
The bar questions are crafted differently from the usual law exams we have. Look at the Suggested Answers published
by the UP Law Center. Some questions repeat over time so make sure you get the survey of bar questionnaires to
concentrate on areas, which are favorite sources of questions.
While studying for the bar, take down notes and prepare your mnemonics. Whether we like it or not, the bar is a
memory game, and there is no substitute for memorizing.
Emphasis should be made on the quality of your study time and not the amount of hours you spend studying. Dont
be obsessed with the number of pages you read in a day. The problem with being obsessed with the number of
readings is that you are tempted to postpone your understanding of the material since at the back of your mind, you
intend to second and third read it any way. Next thing you know, it is already bar month and youll be cramming all
the information in your head.
Read to understand and not for the sake of simply reading. Reading can become a mechanical exercise. Most
reviewees brag that they have read their bar materials three times. Dont be alarmed. Some read faster than the
others. However, speed-reading should not be done at the expense of comprehension. It is better to have one good
reading than have three lousy readings.
Less is more. One important faux pas to avoid is the temptation of reading a lot of materials. We have this thinking
that five months should be spent reading all the materials we can get. Anything less would make us feel guilty and
insecure. You may read all you want, but remember that you should not spread yourself too thinly. The truth is, the
bar is composed of only 30-40 questions per subject. You must be conscious of the fact that the examiner will grade
you solely on the basis of the way you answer these questions. The fact that you read all the commentaries would be
immaterial.
Practice good handwriting skills. This is important. Your exam may be readable to your law professor, considering
that he is checking around fifty bluebooks. Imagine multiplying it by one hundred. Bar examiners are humans too.

Their patience could be equated as inversely proportional to the number of bluebooks they will be checking. The bar
examiner might not have the forebearance to decipher your encrypted hieroglyphics.
III. CAVEATS
Learn the proper way of highlighting materials, since you will re-read the materials. Highlight only the important
words and phrases. Avoid highlighting everything since it defeats the very purpose of highlighting in the first place.
Read carefully. Dont accept everything you read as gospel truths. There are a lot of errors that you need to correct in
your reading materials. Also, make sure that the law you are reading is udpated.
Avoid the Maricon virus (the syndrome of photocopying all the materials that one can get his hands into. A tribute to
Maricon, the xerox empress) like the plague. The next time someone flash you a candidate material, think twice.
Inspect the materials carefully and determine if you truly need it, or whether you will be able to read it. Photocopied
materials give us a false sense of security. We justify this photocopying spree saying that you need the option of being
able to read it if your time permits it. The danger lies in the fact that if we have too many materials at hand, it might
overwhelm us and reduce us into a state of helplessness. It also make us lose our focus. Added to this, is the sense of
inadequacy if we failed to finish our ambitious reading list.
Rumors are just rumors. In the duration of the bar review (even after), be wary of the rumors that would spread. One
example is that you will hear that this person is the examiner, so the next step you will take is to ask if he has written a
book so that you can buy it. We have this standing theory that the one responsible for spreading these rumors are the
book publishers who wants to increase their book sales. Dont believe these rumors! Be aware of the fact that you are
extremely vulnerable as a reviewee. Withhold belief even when the person tells you that the information comes from a
very reliable source. With respect to knowing who the examiner is, dont preoccupy yourself with it. As a coexaminee bluntly puts it, in spite of the fact that we know our law professors, we still could not predict the questions
that they ask during finals. This is the same case with the bar examiners.
Hot tips are not hot, even if they are stamped confidential. Tips are overrated and you should take it with a grain of
salt. It caters to a reviewees psychological need, a placebo. Even if you did not receive any hot tips, dont despair. You
can do good without it, maybe do even better.
IV. RECOMMENDATIONS
Should you enroll in the bar review classes? Well this is open to debate. I enrolled in the bar review classes because
my philosophy then was never to shortchange my review. I told myself that six thousand pesos might spell the
difference between passing and failing. Enrolling would preclude me from blaming myself, in the unfortunate event

that I fail, thinking that I would have passed if only I enrolled myself. However, I was disappointed with the way
review classes were conducted. The lectures could be boring and slow at times. Listening is a skill, it drains too much
energy and takes too much of your time. Sometimes, you will be deluded into believing that your understanding
mirrors that of the lecturer. Your option would be to just borrow the materials from a co-reviewee and have it
photocopied. Take time to sift through the materials and segregate the materials you think might be useful.
Should you billet yourself in a hotel? I talked to my classmates who did not stay in hotel and they said that they were
more relaxed. If you decide to stay home, think of these two things:
a. how to receive the tips (if you still think it is indispensable) b. how to get to the examination area on time (6 am
ideal)
If you decide to stay in a hotel, I suggest that you dont share a room, to minimize movements and distractions.
Study in the student lounge. Personally, I think my stay there has helped me pass the bar. The daily interaction with
fellow reviewees, the jokes, small talks and power naps form part of the student lounge experience. It has definitely
kept my head above water in those grueling five months. There, we found humor in our collective misery.
Exercise. It is normal to gain weight during the bar review. We reviewees use eating as a mechanism to deal with
tremendous stress. I eat five full meals during the bar, excluding merienda, because I used eating as an excuse not to
study. Dont worry, you will shed the unwanted fats after the bar review (I did say my advice is not foolproof right?)
To deal with this, some co-reviewees enrollled in gym classes. Others simply jog around the academic oval. Exercise
improves blood and oxygen circulation, even when it only means a walk to the vendo machine.
In the duration of the review, pamper yourself once in a while. This is part of stress management, to combat the
possibility of burnout.
V. IMPORTANT REMINDERS
During the night before the exam, try to get a good night rest. Bubble bath. Drink a warm chocolate. Ask someone
(your bar buddy) to prepare your food. Grab a sliced Subway so that you can eat and read in the afternoon within La
Salle.
Be sure to bring all the papers (exam permits, I.D). It is suggested that you buy a transparent envelope and hang it in
your neck (with a fancy ID holder) so that you wont lose these important documents. This is simple but this would be
very helpful, as it would reduce unnecessary stress.
Bring a jacket or umbrella.

 Do not bring your celphones inside La Salle and avoid the hassle of depositing it.
Go to La Salle early to avoid the madness in the hotel lobby. Know in advance which gate you would have to go to.
Choose the materials you think you have to read in the interim before the exam. Bring only these materials, lest you
want to subject yourself to a panic attack. Remember, you need to relax yourself.
Never leave your blue book, switching is not a remote possibility
Bring mineral water, sweets/chocolates as brain boosters during the exam.
VI. DURING THE BAR EXAM
The thirty minutes before the exam after the proctor told us to bring our things in front was really nerve-wracking.
Imagine staring blankly at your co-examinees and whispering to yourself that the minutes could have been
productively used reading codal provisions.
After the distribution of the exam questionnaire, scan the questions. Compute the number of questions and allocate
your time accordingly. Remember that it is okay if you feel you dont know the answer. This is the so-called
information rush. Breathe and allow things to settle down.
In answering bar questions, take a deep solid breath and process the question. Be responsive and try to answer
clearly and directly. Cite legal provisions or case law to support your arguments. If you dont know the exact
provision, cite a provision that you think comes close. It is rare that you know all the answers to the questions, dont
fret. In the event that you dont know the answer, guess, but support it with legal arguments or case law. Use good
English to mask your ignorance. My experience with the bar is that even if I know the answer, I had difficulty
answering because I wanted to craft and formulate my answer in the best possible way. Be conscious of time, make
sure to start writing, never mind if it is not as grand as you initially wanted it to be.
Skip questions you are not sure of the answers. Just be sure to get back to it. Review your answers, make sure you
answered all the questions sequentially.
VII. AFTER THE BAR EXAM
Learn how to compartmentalize. Even if you didnt do well in one exam, dont despair. Dont let the bad feeling affect
your performance in the next exam, otherwise it will not only be one subject you will have to worry about. I avoided
discussion of answers with fellow reviewees. It is cathartic for some but it is depressing for most. I personally believe
that the exercise is very counter-productive. It only depresses us more to know that our classmates were able to

eloquently answer the questions we thought was difficult. Often, our co-reviewee approached the legal problem from
a different angle and we tend to blame ourselves for failing to see it the way he did.
Be contented with your answers. You have already submitted your bluebook have already done everything from your
end. It is already up to the examiner to appreciate your answers. It is futile to feel sorry. Sure you could have
answered better but it is sad that it always seems to dawn only after you submitted the booklet. Remember that given
the limited time we had, we may have failed to give our best and most rational answer. The ratio of last clear chance
comes to mind.
Sweet Surrender. Pray and trust in the Lord Almighty. As a friend puts it, the bar is a humbling experience. It is
impossible to control all the factors that would guarantee our passing the bar. Undergoing the bar experience makes
us more keenly aware of our limitations as human beings. Within the limited time we have, we can only study and
prepare so much. I believe that there is more to the bar than the bar questions we need to answer. The real exam is
surviving the four Sundays without cracking from the tremendous pressure the whole exercise brings. In the course of
writing this article, I may have committed some mistakes, grammatical or otherwise my apologies. For whatever
this article might lack in logic and coherence, is made up for with a genuine and sincere desire to help you hurdle and
pass the bar.
Goodluck to all of you!