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Definition of A Beam

The document defines beams and describes different types of beams including statically determinate and indeterminate beams. It provides examples of types of loading that can be applied to beams including concentrated loads, uniform loads, and varying loads. The document then gives instructions on how to write shear and moment equations and draw shear and moment diagrams for beams with different loading conditions. It provides examples of solving problems to draw shear and moment diagrams for beams loaded as shown in diagrams.

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Angelo Lirio Insigne
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392 views

Definition of A Beam

The document defines beams and describes different types of beams including statically determinate and indeterminate beams. It provides examples of types of loading that can be applied to beams including concentrated loads, uniform loads, and varying loads. The document then gives instructions on how to write shear and moment equations and draw shear and moment diagrams for beams with different loading conditions. It provides examples of solving problems to draw shear and moment diagrams for beams loaded as shown in diagrams.

Uploaded by

Angelo Lirio Insigne
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Definition of a Beam

A beam is a bar subject to forces or couples that lie in a plane containing the
longitudinal section of the bar. According to determinacy, a beam may be determinate
or indeterminate.

Statically Determinate Beams


Statically determinate beams are those beams in which the reactions of the supports
may be determined by the use of the equations of static equilibrium. The beams shown
below are examples of statically determinate beams.

Statically Indeterminate Beams


If the number of reactions exerted upon a beam exceeds the number of equations in
static equilibrium, the beam is said to be statically indeterminate. In order to solve the
reactions of the beam, the static equations must be supplemented by equations based
upon the elastic deformations of the beam.

The degree of indeterminacy is taken as the difference between the umber of reactions
to the number of equations in static equilibrium that can be applied. In the case of the

propped beam shown, there are three reactions R1, R2, and M and only two equations
(M = 0 and Fv = 0) can be applied, thus the beam is indeterminate to the first degree
(3 - 2 = 1).

Types of Loading
Loads applied to the beam may consist of a concentrated load (load applied at a point),
uniform load, uniformly varying load, or an applied couple or moment. These loads are
shown in the following figures.

- See more at: http://www.mathalino.com/reviewer/mechanics-and-strength-ofmaterials/chapter-4-shear-and-moment-in-beams#sthash.yRDFQC7N.dpuf

Shear and Moment Diagrams


Consider a simple beam shown of length L that carries a uniform load of w (N/m)
throughout its length and is held in equilibrium by reactions R 1 and R2. Assume that the
beam is cut at point C a distance of x from he left support and the portion of the beam
to the right of C be removed. The portion removed must then be replaced by vertical
shearing force V together with a couple M to hold the left portion of the bar in
equilibrium under the action of R1 and wx.

The couple M is called the resisting moment or moment and the force V is called the
resisting shear or shear. The sign of V and M are taken to be positive if they have the
senses indicated above.

INSTRUCTION:
Write shear and moment equations for the beams in the following problems. In each
problem, let x be the distance measured from left end of the beam. Also, draw shear
and moment diagrams, specifying values at all change of loading positions and at points
of zero shear. Neglect the mass of the beam in each problem.
- See more at: http://www.mathalino.com/reviewer/mechanics-and-strength-ofmaterials/shear-and-moment-diagrams#sthash.zAvlkgs0.dpuf
Problem 403
Beam loaded as shown in Fig. P-403.

ShowClick here to read or hide the general instruction

Solution 403

HideClick here to show or hide the solution


From the load diagram:

MB=0
5RD+1(30)=3(50)
RD=24kN
MD=0
5RB=2(50)+6(30)
RB=56kN
Segment AB:

VAB=30kN
MAB=30xkNm

Segment BC:

VBC=30+56
VBC=26kN
MBC=30x+56(x1)
MBC=26x56kNm

Segment CD:

VCD=30+5650
VCD=24kN
MCD=30x+56(x1)50(x4)
MCD=30x+56x5650x+200
MCD=24x+144kNm

To draw the Shear Diagram:


1.

In segment AB, the shear is uniformly


distributed over the segment at a
magnitude of -30 kN.

2.

In segment BC, the shear is uniformly


distributed at a magnitude of 26 kN.

3.

In segment CD, the shear is uniformly


distributed at a magnitude of -24 kN.

To draw the Moment Diagram:


1.

The equation MAB = -30x is linear, at


x = 0, MAB = 0 and at x = 1 m, MAB = -30
kNm.

2.

MBC = 26x - 56 is also linear. At x = 1


m, MBC = -30 kNm; at x = 4 m, MBC =
48 kNm. When MBC = 0, x = 2.154 m,
thus the moment is zero at 1.154 m from B.

3.

MCD = -24x + 144 is again linear. At x = 4 m, MCD = 48 kNm; at x = 6 m, MCD = 0.

- See more at: http://www.mathalino.com/reviewer/mechanics-and-strength-ofmaterials/solution-to-problem-403-shear-and-moment-diagrams#sthash.JzrSAP8R.dpuf

Problem 404
Beam loaded as shown in Fig. P-404.

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Solution 404

HideClick here to show or hide the solution

MA=0
12RD+4800=3(2000)
RD=100lb
MD=0
12RA=9(2000)+4800
RA=1900lb
Segment AB:

VAB=1900lb
MAB=1900xlbft
Segment BC:

VBC=19002000
VBC=100lb
MBC=1900x2000(x3)
MBC=1900x2000x+6000
MBC=100x+6000lbft
Segment CD:

VCD=19002000
VCD=100lb
MCD=1900x2000(x3)4800
MCD=1900x2000x+60004800
MCD=100x+1200lbft

To draw the shear diagram:


1.

At segment AB, the shear is


uniformly distributed at 1900 lb.

2.

A shear of -100 lb is uniformly


distributed over segments BC and CD.

To draw the Moment Diagram:


1.

MAB = 1900x is linear; at x = 0,


MAB = 0; at x = 3 ft, MAB = 5700 lbft.

2.

For segment BC, MBC = -100x + 6000


is linear; at x = 3 ft, MBC = 5700 lbft; at
x = 9 ft, MBC = 5100 lbft.

3.

MCD = -100x + 1200 is again linear;


at x = 9 ft, MCD = 300 lbft; at x = 12 ft,
MCD = 0.

- See more at: http://www.mathalino.com/reviewer/mechanics-and-strength-ofmaterials/solution-to-problem-404-shear-and-momentdiagrams#sthash.eIrmX4sp.dpuf

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