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8 Quartiles

Quartiles divide a list of numbers into four equal parts. To calculate quartiles, the numbers are ordered from lowest to highest and then divided into quarters. The first, second, and third quartiles (Q1, Q2, Q3) represent the medians of the lower, middle, and upper halves. The interquartile range is the difference between Q3 and Q1, representing the spread between the middle 50% of values. Quartiles and the interquartile range can be displayed graphically using a box and whisker plot.

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116 views

8 Quartiles

Quartiles divide a list of numbers into four equal parts. To calculate quartiles, the numbers are ordered from lowest to highest and then divided into quarters. The first, second, and third quartiles (Q1, Q2, Q3) represent the medians of the lower, middle, and upper halves. The interquartile range is the difference between Q3 and Q1, representing the spread between the middle 50% of values. Quartiles and the interquartile range can be displayed graphically using a box and whisker plot.

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api-299265916
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Quartiles

Quartiles are the values that divide a list of numbers into quarters.

First put the list of numbers in order

Then cut the list into four equal parts

The Quartiles are at the "cuts"

Like this:

Example: 5, 8, 4, 4, 6, 3, 8
Put them in order: 3, 4, 4, 5, 6, 8, 8
Cut the list into quarters:

And the result is:

Quartile 1 (Q1) = 4

Quartile 2 (Q2), which is also the Median, = 5

Quartile 3 (Q3) = 8

Sometimes a "cut" is between two numbers ... the Quartile is the average of the two
numbers.

Example: 1, 3, 3, 4, 5, 6, 6, 7, 8, 8
The numbers are already in order

Cut the list into quarters:

In this case Quartile 2 is half way between 5 and 6:

Q2 = (5+6)/2 = 5.5
And the result is:

Quartile 1 (Q1) = 3

Quartile 2 (Q2) = 5.5

Quartile 3 (Q3) = 7

Interquartile Range
The "Interquartile Range" is from Q1 to Q3:

To calculate it just subtract Quartile 1 from Quartile 3, like this:

Example:

The Interquartile Range is:

Q3 - Q1 = 8 - 4 = 4

Box and Whisker Plot


We can show all the important values in a "Box and Whisker Plot", like this:

A final example covering everything:

Example: Box and Whisker Plot and Interquartile Range for


4, 17, 7, 14, 18, 12, 3, 16, 10, 4, 4, 11
Put them in order:

3, 4, 4, 4, 7, 10, 11, 12, 14, 16, 17, 18


Cut it into quarters:

3, 4, 4 | 4, 7, 10 | 11, 12, 14 | 16, 17, 18

In this case all the quartiles are between numbers:

Quartile 1 (Q1) = (4+4)/2 = 4

Quartile 2 (Q2) = (10+11)/2 = 10.5

Quartile 3 (Q3) = (14+16)/2 = 15

The Lowest Value is 3,

The Highest Value is 18

Also:

So now we have enough data for the Box and Whisker Plot:

And the Interquartile Range is:

Q3 - Q1 = 15 - 4 = 11

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