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03-Plate Boundaries

There are three main types of plate boundaries: divergent boundaries where plates move apart and new crust is formed, convergent boundaries where plates collide and subduct under each other forming features like volcanoes and mountain ranges, and transform boundaries where plates slide past each other causing earthquakes. The movement of tectonic plates is driven by convection currents in the underlying mantle which causes the slow cyclic movement of plates at the boundaries.

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45 views

03-Plate Boundaries

There are three main types of plate boundaries: divergent boundaries where plates move apart and new crust is formed, convergent boundaries where plates collide and subduct under each other forming features like volcanoes and mountain ranges, and transform boundaries where plates slide past each other causing earthquakes. The movement of tectonic plates is driven by convection currents in the underlying mantle which causes the slow cyclic movement of plates at the boundaries.

Uploaded by

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Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Plate Boundaries

Where two plates meet.


http://science.discovery.com/videos/100-greatest
-discoveries-shorts-plate-tectonics.html

The lithosphere is broken into plates


that float or ride on the
asthenosphere.

3 types of plate boundaries


Divergent boundaries:
2 plates moving away from each other
As the plates move apart, magma rises,
fills in the space between the plates,
and hardens
Mostly found on the ocean floor
Ex. Red Sea, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, East
African Rift Valley

Convergent Boundary

The collision of one plate with


another; means to collide.
Three types of collisions
Continental/oceanic
Continental/Continental
Oceanic/Oceanic

Continental/Oceanic
Oceanic crust is denser so it is forced under
continental crust
Subduction zone refers to the region where
one plate moves under another
Oceanic always subducts under continental
Features: volcanoes on land and trenches
offshore
EX. S. America/Nazca Andes Mtns. And
Peru Trench

Continental/Oceanic
Boundary

Continental/continental
Colliding edges are crumpled and
uplifted producing mountain ranges
Neither will subduct
Not volcanic
Ex. NC + Africa Appalachian Mtns.
India + Eurasia Himalayas

Continental/Continental
Boundary

Oceanic/Oceanic
One of the plates must subduct under
the other
Features: trenches, volcanic island arcs
Ex. Japan, Philippines, West Indies

Oceanic/Oceanic Boundary

Ridge Push
Ridge-push occurs when the weight
of the ridge pushes the rest of the
tectonic plate away from the ridge,
often towards a subduction zone.

At the subduction zone, gravity-pull"


(slab-pull) comes into effect.
This is simply the weight of the tectonic
plate being subducted (pulled) below
the overlying plate dragging the rest of
the plate along behind it.

Transform Fault Boundaries

2 plates scrape past each other


Strike/slip fault
Features: Earthquakes
Ex. San Andreas Fault, also found as
connectors of mid-ocean ridges

Transform Boundaries

What causes plates to


move?
Convection currents: cycle of hot
material rising, cool material sinking.
Heat from the core causes magma to rise to
the asthenosphere and move along the
boundary of the asthenosphere and the
lithosphere.
As the magma cools, it sinks toward the
core.
This slow cyclic movement causes the plates
to move like groceries on a conveyor belt.

Convection in the Mantle

Type of
Boundary
Divergent

Transform

ConvergentC/C

ConvergentO/O

ConvergentC/O

Sketch of
Boundary

Direction
of
movement

Descriptio Examples
n/ Features

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