A college writing seminar increased its size by 50% from the first to the second day. Ifthe total umber of students in the seminar on the second day was 15, how many students were in the: class on the first day? ® 8 This is 50% of the number of students on the second day. 10 © 23 This choice may be the result of assuming that the number of students on the: second day increased by 50%. @ 30 The number of students increased by 507, not decreased. First, we should realize that the number of students in the seminar on the first day ‘should be less than the number af students on the second day, considering that umber increased from the first to second clay. Next, let's set up an equation to solve for 2, the number of students in the seminar onthe first day, given that 50% increase is equivalent to 1.52. 152 = 15 After dividing by 1.5 on both sides, we see that 2 = 10. ‘There were 10 students in the writing seminar on the first day.13.8 pitt gations of water ate used for domestic use pet day, spprouinately how many gatons af weet are used fr higaion per day? 1 bition ® comme mage nein yc 1% te oon @ uB8sHH00 @ = This isthe otal emount of water used per day.construction crew was made up of 8 men and the rest women. If 40% of the crew were men, how many people were in the crew?A movie fanatic has amassed a giant collection of home movies, some on DVD and others in the older VHS cassette mode. If the fanatic has 308 movies on DWD, which comprises 31.3% of the total collection, how many total movies are in the collection? ® | © 96 This is 31.3% of 308. 212 This is the percent of VHS cassettes multiplied by the number of DVDs. 676 This is the number of VHS cassettes. eo; ® 984 Let's say he has m total movies. We can then set up an equation to determine how many total movies he has. 0.313m = 308 Let's divide by 0.313 on both sides. m = 984 The movie fanatic has 984 total movies in his collection.A dothing warahause houses about 14,000 ganmants at the beginning of each oar. Throughout the you, a small nercentage ofthe garments become: lost oF damaged, ancl mast be feplaced at ihe end of the year, Each year, about 1.59%) of the garments become damaged but fet last, and about OL6%% become lest Abouthew many garments must be soplaccd each por due te bons. oF damage? ‘BD garriarsis This is the number of garments iasreach your. 130 parsers This uses subtraction tes combine the last and camaged gaments, insoad af audition. ® | ® 210 garments, ‘This i th nunbor of gamers damagau cael. poor 0) © 290 garenants The question saya that the damaged garments ae nor last. Therefor, the group of v damaged garnints and the Group af last garmants ds nat overlap. Ss os gor tse umber of replaced garments each yoar, wo can date! the two groups. [if repllncee ench yr] — [yf dhamngeed ench yr] + [jf Inst cach yr] ‘Wo will salve for the laf sicke of tha equation by figuring aut thee right side of the equation, Pan. ofsighe site: ‘(i damnged each yr} = [ff in warehouse each yr] -[% damaged cock yr} = 4,000 - 15% c 14,000 - =- hd “Other part of right sick: [2 losteach oe = 1400 - oeAstore holiday sale has an item marked down by $10 with an additional discount of 25% of the new price. If the final price was $36.27, what was the original? © © $19.70 This choice mistakes the final price for the original price. $48.36 The original $10 discount may not have been applied. © |9 $58.36 ‘$61.93 The discounts may have been applied in the wrong order. Let's create a verbal equation to solve this problem: (original — markdown) x discount = final price Let's substitute in what we know, calling the original x, and saying a 25% discount is equivalent to 75% of the original price (100 — 25): (x 10) x 0.75 = 36.27 We can divide by 0.75. on both sides: z— 10 = 48.36 Afier that, we can add 10 te both sides: 5H 58.36 The original price of the item is $58.36.Aschool has 63% girls and 37% boys. if 23% of the girls wears contacts and 42% of the boys wears contacts, what percent of all students wears contacts? ® ® 14.5% This is the percent of students who are girls and who wears contacts. 15.5% This is the percent of students who are boys and who wears contacts. © |9 20.0% 75.0% This choice may be the result of incorrectly adding percents of different populations, We first need to find the percent of total students whe are girls who wear contacts. Lets do this by multiplying the percent of girls at the school by the percent of the gitls that wears contacts. 0.63 x 0.93 = 0.1449 = 14.5% Therefore, 14.5% of all students at the school are girls whe wear contacts. Let's repeat this for boys by multiplying the percent of boys at the school by the percent of boys that wears contacts. 0.37 x 0.42 = 0.1554 = 15.5% ‘Therefore, 15.5% of all students at the school are boys who wear contacts. ‘There is no overlap between these categories. To find the total percent of students that wears contacts, let's add the two percents tagether that we found earlier, 0.145 + 0.155 = 30.0% 30.0% of all the students wears contacts.Allegra and Simeon were selling containers of cookie dough for a charity event in the first week, Allegra sold 80% more than Simeon did. The following week, Allegra sold 12 containers of cookie dough, while Simeon sold none. If Allegra sol 40% more containers than Simeon did. ‘overall, how many did Simeon sell in total? 120 Let's use the variable s to represent the number of containers of cookie dough that Simeon sold the first week. Allegra sald 30% more than Simeon did in the first week, so we can say that she sold 130% of what Simeon did, which is 1.33. In the second week, Simeon sold no containers of cookie dough, but Allegra sold 12. Since we're dealing with cookie dough containers overall (first and second week together), let's find each person's total. Simeor's total: s + 0 Allegra’s totat 1.38 +12 ‘We know that Allegra sold 40% mare cookie dough overall, which is 140% of Simeor’s total, so we can waite the following equation: 1.38412 1.30412 We remember that § represents the number af containers Simeon sold the first week, but we need to know his total. We substitute 120 back into the expression for Simon's total number of cookie deugh containers. 120+ 0=120 ‘Simeon sold 120 containers of cookie dough.In a community service class in the fall, 3 of the 15 cass sessions were lectures, while all others were devoted to fieldwork in parks. In the spring, the number of sessions devoted to fieldwork remained the same, but the total number of sessions increased to 18. In the spring, what percent of lass sessions were lectures? 16.7% This choice may be the result of incorrectly assuming the number of lectures remained the same, rather than the number of sessions of fieldwork. 33.3% 66.7% This is the percent of sessions that were devoted to fiefworkin the spring. @ 83.3% Ifthe number of lectures, rather than the number of sessions of feleiwork, remained the same, this would be the percent of sessions devoted to fieldwork in the spring. v We know that there are 12 sessions devoted to fieldwork in the fall (15 — 3). We know there are also 12 sessions in the spring devoted to fieldwork. If there are 18 sessions total, we know that 6 sessions in the spring were lectures. To find the percent, we need to divide 6 by 18 and multiply that by 100: 6 jg * 100 = 38.8% Inthe spring, 33.3% of the sessions were lectures.(On Monday, @ fruit vendor bought 80 pieces of fruit to sell al her market, 35% of which were ‘apples and the rest of which were oranges. On Tuesday. the vendor bought the same number of oranges, but she only bought 73 pieces of ruil What percentage of the Iruil she bought on Tuestlay wes apples? 28.8% ® 38.3% This may be Ine result of incorrectly assuming the AUMBEr ef apples remained the same. 65.0% This is the percent of aranges on Monday. T1I% This is the peseent of aranges on Tuesday. Ihe know ine vendor Bought 80 pieces of mult, we can find out wnat 38% is of 80 1o determine now many pieces of hull were apples. 0.35 x 80 = 28 apples: Ifwe knew there are 28 apples, we can subtract that from 80 total pieces of fruit to determing tow many oranges we have, 80 — 28 = S2 oranges We know that the vendor bought the same number of oranges (52) on Tuesday, and we also know she Bought 73 tolal pieces. We can new find haw many apples she bought on Tuesday: 73 — 52 = 21 apples Nove that we know the apples bought on Tuesday, we can delermine the percentage for Tuesday: 21 == * 100 = 28. 7% woe fy On Tuesday, 28.8% of the fruit the vendor bought was apples.Al the beginning of the week Josh had 32 computer games, 133% as many computer games 2s Peter had. By the end of the week, Josh gave Peter 25% of his computer games. How many computer games did Josh and Peter each have by the end of the week? @ dosh had 8 games; Peter had 24 games. The question asks how many computer games each had at the end of the week, not the number they had at the beginning ar that they gave away. dosh had 24 games; Peter had § games. Peter already had some games before Josh gave him any. Josh had 24 games: Peter had 32 games. Josh had 32 games; Peter had 24 games. These are the numbers of computer games they had at the beginning of the week. Josh had 32 computer games, which wes 133% as many as Peter had. Let's use the variaisle p for the number of computer games Peter had at the beginning of the week. 1.33p = 32 Let's divide both sides by 1.33 to see that Peter had 24 computer games. Josh then gave Peter 25% of his games. 0.25(32) = 8 Peter then had 32 games (24 + 8), and Josh had 24 games (32 — 8). Josh had 24 games; Peter had 32 games.‘Owen answered a set of math end history Quiz How! questions. Owen comectly answered 72% of all me 200 questions. However, Gwen answered 83.3% of the math questions correctty It 45% percent ef the questions were in math, whal percent of history questions did Gwen answer correctly? Round to the nearest percent. Bo CORRECT ANSWER: 87 We know thal the sei of questions wes comprised of both math and history: @ Seer science # of math questions + # of history questions — total # of questions Because 48% of me questions ate math questions: 0.45 x 200 = 90 We see that there are 90 math questions and 200 — 90 = 110 history questions. Let's see how many math questions Gwen answered correctly. Qwen answered 53.3% ofthe math questions correctly, so: 0.533 = 00 = 48 He answered 48 math questions correctly. Because Owen correctly answered 72"% of the total 200 questiens: 0.72(200) = 144 We see that Owen correctly answered 144 questions. Because the rest of the questions were history questions. we can determine that (Owen answered 144 — 48 = 96 history questions correctly. To find Owen's percentage of history questions answered conectly, we can divide 06 wy 110. rT O.8727 = 87.27% To the nearest percent, Owen answered 87% of history questions correctly.On Monday, Hetty had 759% as many tnys as Teddy did. On Tuesday, afer Harry acquired 32 more toys and Teddy acquired 15° mere than he had en Monday, Harry had es many toys a5, Teddy did. How meny toys did Hatry have en Manday? 50 (CORRECT ANSWER: 60 ‘We can first Gefine the variables as A for the number of Harry's toys an Monday and ‘ffar the number of Teddy's toys en Monday. ‘We know that on Monday, Harry had 75% as many toys as Teddy, so we can write the fellawing equation: A=O.75t When we-edd 32 toys 10 Harry's collection, we get fk + 32. We can also make en ‘adjustment to Teddy's collection, as he acquired 18% more. We ean represent that as 1.15¢, as we should add 15% to 100" te get # percent increase. Now let's make an equation for Tuesday: A432 = 1.158 ‘We algo know thal h. = 0. 7S¢ from the fist equation, 90 we can subsiilule that in. O.75t + 32 = 1.15t Les salve by frst subtracting 0.75¢ from beth sides. 32=04t ‘We can then divide by 04 to solve far 4, and when we do thal, we find thet # = 80. Since # = 80_we must substitute itinto another equation to fing A (the number of toys Harty had on Monday). Let's pick the first equation. h = 0.75¢ ‘h = 0.75(80) = 60 Hatry nad 60 toys on Monday.The chef has 36 pounds of stip loin steak. The amount of weight lost fram the trim an each pound is 35%, and 75% more ofthe steal’s weight is lest after cooking iL How many pounds of trimmed, cooked Strip loin will the chef hawe left to Serve to the customers? 5.85 12.6 This is the number of pounds bost free the trim. 1755, This is the number of pounds lost frem cooking. 23.4 This is the number of pounds leN aNer tim But before eeoking. 135% of each pound is lost alter trimming it, then 35% of all 36 pounds are lost from the trim, Let's set up an equation ta shove that. 0.38 x 36 = 12.6 ‘Te determine how many pounds the chef has left, we subtract 12.6 tram 36. 36 — 12.6 = 23-4 pounds Now we can use our new total, 23.4, to igure out how many pounds the chef lest ‘anes cooking it 0.78 x 23.4 = 17.53 ‘We then have to subtract 17.85 trom 23.4: 23.4 — 17.55 = 5.85 pounds ‘The chef has 5.85 pounds of trimmed, cooked steak left to serve the custamers.Ivy is downloading a computer program from the Internet. After 8 minutes, the computer program is 35% downloaded. If the computer program continues to download at the current rate, about how much longer will it take for lvy’s computer to finish downloading the progran? 12 minutes This choice may have resulted from the percentage being applied incorrectly. 15 minutes 18}minutes First, find 35% of what value is 8. 23 minutes © 8]2| © This is the total download time, not the remaining time. g The program will finish downloading when it reaches L00%. The computer has 100 — 35 = 65% of the program left to download. ‘The computer is currently downloading at a rate of 357% per 8 minutes (min), or: 35 a 4.375% per minute 6% 4.375% per min 14.86 For the computer to finish downloading the last 65% of the program at 4.375% per minute, it will take about 15 minutes.Bebyname Denis Dimi Lee Tanya Frequency 13 27 195 400 The lable above displays the number of babies per million babies born in 1985 with each of 4 names. In 1985, about what percentage of babies were named Lee or Dimit @ 0.000152% This number {without the percent sign] is the correct fraction of babies (fractions are ‘oul of 1) However, ihe question asics for the percent of babies. 0.0152% 0.98% The number of babies named Lea or Dimitri is the number of babies named Lea plus the number of babies named Dimitri. This response used subtraction and the decimal point was shifted the wrong number af places. 1.52% ‘When converling from a fraction to a percentage, shift the decimal point 2 places {because 100 has 2 zeroes in if). Here, the decimal point was shifted the wrong number of places. "What percentage of babies were named Lea or Dimiti?* If 125 out of 1 million babies were named Lea, and 27 out of 1 million babies were named Dimitri, then 125 + 27 out of 1 million Babies were named Lea et Dinite So, the percentage of babies named Lee or Dimitrl is: ee 00% 152 babies 1 ~ Fpoo.0 00" pases % = 0.0152-% In 1985, about 0.0152" of babies were named Lea or Dimitri.A high school's graduation rate is defined to be the percentage of the senior class that graduates, Last year 406 of Sagamore High School's 452 seniors graduated. This yeer the school expects the previous year’s graduation rate lo increase by approximately 2 percentage points. i inere are 436 students in this year's Senior class, which of the following best approximates the number of seniors that Sagamore High School expects to graduate this year? 300 students ‘The graduetion rate is expected to increase by 2 percentage points, net stay the same. 400 students 410 students ‘The graduation rate was expected to increase by 2 percenlage points, not the umber af graduates, 420 students ®@)| © |8| © This choice may be the resull of confusing which numbers represent which years. g Frist, let's find the percent of seniors whe graduated from Sagamore High last year. The fellowing equatien can be used le solve for 2, the percent of seniers whe greduated last year. «2 _ 406 Too 453 Solving the abave equation, we see thal 7 is approximately 89.8%. Since the graduation rate of the high school is expected to increase by 2 percentage points, 91.8% of seniors are expected to graduate this year. What is 91.89% of 4367 Salving the equation below for y gives the number of seniars that are expected to greduate this year. 18 y To” G6 In the above equation, y i approximately equal te 400.A software distributor charges $41 per license of a particular utility. The distributor offers a 10% discount on each license after the first 20. How much would a business pay to buy 40 licenses of the utility? 1 CORRECT ANSWER: 1558 The first 20 licenses cost full price, which is $41 each. Thus, the first 20 licenses g costa total of $41 - 20 = $820. The remaining licenses have a 10% discount. That means they cost 90% of the full price. Let's write 90% in its decimal form, 0.9, in order to multiply. 0.9 - $41 = $36.90 There are 40 — 20 = 20 licenses at the reduced price of $36.90. Thus, the remaining 20 licenses cost a total of $36.90 - 20 = $738. To find the cost for all 40 licenses, let's add the costs of the full price and discounted licenses. $820 + $738 = $1558 The business would pay $1558 to buy the licenses.Dyami earns a 4% commission for the first $30,000 of sales he makes per month. He earns a 5% commission for the portion of his sales aver $30,000. if Dyami sells $38,000 worth of merchandise in a month, how much will he eam in commissions, in dollars? 63 CORRECT ANSWER: 1600 4 Q The value 4% is equivalent to the fraction Joo and the decimal 0.04. thus, 4% of (times) the first $30,000 is equal to: 0.04 - 30,000 = 1200 Dyami will earn $1200 of commission on the first $30,000 of his sales. Dyami has $38,000 — $30,000 = $8000 of sales at the higher, 5% commission. We can also. write 5% in decimal form as 0.05. 0.05 - 8000 = 400 Dyami will earn $400 of commission on the remaining $8000 of his sales. In total, that is $1200 + $400 = $1600 of commissions. Dyami will earn 1600 dollars in commissions.The earl has @ mess of epproximately 6 - 10% kliograms (kg). The volume of the earth's ‘oceans is approximately 1.34 - 10" cubic kilometers (km), and ocean water has a mass of about 1.03 - 10? = To the nearest hundredth of a percent, what percent of the earth's a mass is from the oceans? 52 CORRECT ANSWER: 0.02 g Lets start by finding the tetal mass ef the earth's ceeans. The volume of the earth's aceans is approximately 1.34.10 cubic kitometers ke (km), ane ocean water has @ mass of about 1.03 - 10! To simplify, we willuse the produet of pawers property of exponents that says that ete gh ttt 1:34.10? Jae” 93-107 Ls =1.3802- 10" ke Next we want to know whal portion of ihe earth's mass this represents. We hawe: To convert this 16 4 percent, we multiply by 100, so the oceans represent 0.023003% of the earth’s total mass, according to these figures. To the nearest hundredth of a percent, 0.02 percent of the earth's mass is from oceans. [Note: We do not enter units or the > symbol into the SAT textbox]A student answered 86 problems correctly, which was 81.9% of the total number of problems on the test. How many problems did the student answer incorrectly? 4 This choice may be the result of incorrectly subtracting the percent from the number of correct questions. 19 86 This is the number of correct answers. @|® |@; © 105 This is the total number of questions. Let's call z the total number of problems on the test. We can set up a percent equation: 0.8192 = 86 We can divide by 0.819 on both sides to get. z = 105. Therefore, there are 105 total questions. To find the number of questions the student answered incorrectly, we can subtract 86 from 105. 105 — 86 = 19 ‘The student answered 19 questions incorrectly.Fabrizzio went shopping on Tuesday and decided to purchase a pair of pants that is 15% off the regular price. If he waits and buys the pants on Wednesday, he will receive an additional 5% off, What percent would Wednesday's sale price be of the original price for the pants? Round to the nearest whole percent. G) 31% @ This is the percent that Wednesday's sale price would be of the regular price. 95% This is the percent thal Tuesday's sale price would be of Wednesday's sale price. 105% This is the percent that Wednesday's sale price would be of Tuesday's sale price. Let's call the original price of the pants p. If the pants are 15% off, that means they 9g are 85% of the original price. This means that the cost will be 0.85p, since there is no additional diseount. To determine the cost on Wednesday, we need to take off an additional 5%, se we ‘can say that the cost is 0.95(0.85p), which is equivalent to 0.808p. Therefore, Wednesday's sale price would be approximately 81% of the original price, Wednesday's sale price would be approximately 81% of the original price.Ina college philosophy class during the fall semester, there were 333 students, 42% of wham were male and the rest of wham were female. In the spring semester, the same number of Tomales were in the class as in the fall, but there were only 208 total students in the class. be the Spring, what percent of students were female? 46% This may be the result of incorrectly taking tke number of mates in tke fall ane finding their percentage in the spring. 58% ‘This is the percent af females in the fall, © |@|O|] © This choice may be the result of incorrectly dividing the total number in the spring by the total number in the fall, © We know that if 42% of 323 students were male, we also know that 58% of students were femate, as 100 — 42 = 58. ‘Therefore, let's find the number of females in the philesopity class for the fall: 0.88 x 923 = 187.34 We can aparoximate this to 187 females in the class. We know that the same number ef females were in the spring class, and we else know thal the Lotal number of students in that class was 208. Let's eet up an equation to determine the percentage af females in the spring class, 187 100 = 628 dos * Approximately 63"% of the students in the spring clase were female,Atani ride cost a customer a total of $13.73, which included 4% sales tax and then a $1 surcharge. What was the subtotal before the surcharge and sales tax? $0.51 c The tax is included in the total. Also, this is not the subtotal. (@) si224 $13.24 This choice may be the result of forgetting about the untaxed surcharge. $318.25. @ This choice may be the result of incorrectly dividing by the percentage of the sales tax instead of by 1 +r. g Ifthe total is $13.73, we should set up an equation as follows: subtotal + sales tax + surcharge = $13.73 Let's call the subtotal z- In that case, we would say the sales tax is 0.04(z), as 4% is equivalent to 0.04. We can now update the equation: 2+ 0.04r + 1.00 = 13.73 ‘We can now solve the equation, L.04z + 1.00 = 13.73 ‘LO4z = 12.73 zr 1294 ‘The subtotal before the surcharge and sales tax was $12.24.A chef has a large container of olive oil. In one night, after he used 25 quarts, 35.9% of the oil remained. How many quarts of olive oll remained in the container? 123 CORRECT ANSWER: 14 If 35.9% of the oil remained after the chef used it, then we can say that the chef used (100 — 35.9)%, which is 64.1%, of the oil Let's use the variable g to represent the total number of quarts of oil. We can then say: 0.641g = 25 ‘The total number of quarts, then, after dividing by 0.641, is 39 quarts of ol Now that we know the total, we can subtract 25 from 39 to find out how many quarts of oil remained. 39-25 = 14 14 quarts of oil remained in the container.Mr. Edwards hired a new employee to work in his bakeshop. In one hour, this employee burned 439 chocolate chip cookies, which represented 25% of all the cookies the employee burned in. that day. How many cookies did the new employee burn in the course of the day? @) 110 This choice may be the result of incorrectly assuming that 439 was the total, rather than only 25%. 351 This choice may be the result of dividing by 1.25 instead of by 0.25. 549 This choice may be the result of incorrectly assuming that 439 was the total, then calculating 125% of it. 1756 We can say thal the new employee bummed 25%, or 0.25, of the total cooles after 439. To determine how many cookies in total he burned, we must create an. equation to solve for the missing number of cookies, 2. The equation we can create is: 0.252 = 439 After dividing by 0.25 on both sides, we get r = 1756. The new employee bumed 1756 cookies throughout the course of the day.A.company has the goal of doubling their revenue from 32 milion deliars to 64 milkan dollars ever the next 2 years. If the company increases its revenue by 50% approximately what percentage must the eompan he first year. by rease their revenue in the second year in erder le reaeh ineir goal? 25h This choice may be the result of dividing 64 — 48 by 64 instead of 48. @| © 33% 50% This choice may be the resuit of dividing 64 — 48 by 32. instead ot 48. © | 100% ‘This Is: the tntal percentage inesease aver the 2-year span, ralher than the Increase In justthe 2" year, © The company increased its revenue by 50% in the first year. So, let's find the: revenue of the company after the first year. ‘1.50 x 32 = 48 willien To find the percentage inerease in revenue from the fest yeer to le second year, subtrect the revenues trom the first year and the Second year, and then divide by the revenue: from the first year. B® 0.3333 ~ 33% So the company must increase their revenue by approximatly 33% in the second. year.During last year’s basketball season, Jackson attempted 150 free throve af which he made 120. So far this season, he's attempted 24 and made 16. 4 player's free-throw percentage is defined w be Ihe percent of free-throws made aut of the number of fee-Hhrows attempted. Assuming calculations began with the start of last year's season, which of the following best appraximates Jackson's overall free thaw percentage to dete? ® 67% ‘This is the free-throw percentage for this season, go far, rather than the overall combined value, 73% ‘This is the average of the percentage for each season, rather than the overall percentage. Tam 80% Thisis the free-throw pereentage for last season only. Since & player's hee throw percentage fs defined ta be the percent of attempted, ee-thiows made, we can calculate Jackson's free-throw percentage by using the follewing made total free-throws made See Note that we should think about this for the two years combined. We de not want to calcula each season's (rew-throw percentage and average the two. This would, ‘assume Ihat in each season, Jackson attempted the same amount of free-thraws! So far, Jackson has mace a total of 136 free-throws end atiempted a totel of 174 free-thiows. Substituting these numbers inte the above exaression, we have: 136 «100 174 ‘The above calculation comes outta appraximatety 7B. Jackson's free-throw percentage is approximately 780).Beginning of tte seasen End of the seasen Ethan's average mile times in minutes 14:00 12:00 Leo's average mile umes in minutes 8:00 700 ‘Two runners en the tack and field team, Ethan and Leo, are comparing the time i takes ther to ‘un a mile. While Leo is fester than Ethen, Ethan argues iat he Ras improved his time mare: tan ‘Leo. The table abuve shows the average mile times for Lee and Ethan at the beginning ef the season and the end of the season. From the beginning af the season to the end of the season, ‘by what percenlage did each runner improve his time? Eitan impraven his tne by 12.596: Lea inipreved his time by 14.38%. ‘The pereeniages are reversed. © 9 Ethan improved his time by 14.3°%; Leo improved his me by 16.7%. Leo cid not improve his me by 16.7% Etnen improved his time by 14.3%%: Leo improved his time by 12.5%. © |@ Eitan nigra his tne by 16.796: Lea inipreved his time by 14.38%. Ethan did notimprove his time by $16.75 ‘The percentage impravement can be found by subtracting the beginning tine fram the end tine, and then dividing by the beginning tine. Eman: percentage improvement is 14.3%, 12-14 2 Tg tee 14.3% improvement in ris ime Leo's percentage improvement is 12.5%. 7-8 1 = 0.125 12.5% improvementin nis time ‘So Ethan improved his time by 14.3%, and Leo improved his time by 12.5%.Percent transmittance is the percent of light that passes through an object. If 780 watts per w square meter ‘of light strike the reof of a greenhouse, and the roof has an 85% al transmittance, how many — of light pass through the roof? m 2 CORRECT ANSWER: 663 g ‘One verbal model for percent is: part pereent = = - 100 Let's fill in the information we know. We can use the variable Pto represent the amount of light that passes through the greenhouse raat. \We can isolate the é by multiplying by 780 on bath sides of the equation and dividing by 100 on both sides. é COE) EE Ene a 100 je 663 = 6 a a equation by 75 - Ww ‘The greenhouse root allows 663 —; of ight to pass through.Avocado farmers use the percent of dry matter, the matter left after dehydration, from sample avocados in their orchards to determine the best time to harvest the avocados. If a sample of the flesh of the avocado weighs 10 grams (g) before dehydration, and 1.8 g after dehydration, what was the percent of dry matter in the sample? 18 % g One verbal model for percent is: Let's fill in the information we know. We can use the variable d to represent the percent of dry matter. 18 d a +100 =18 There is 18 percent dry matter in the sample. [Note: Do not enter units or the % symbol into the SAT textbox.]Abank efficiency ratio is the ratio of a bank's expenses to its revenue, expressed as a percentage. What is the revenue, in millions of dailars, of a bank that has $222 million dollars in expenses and an efficiency ratio of T5%7 g The given verbal model for efficiency ratio is: bank efficiency ratio = =_— - 100 ‘We multiply by 100 because otherwise, our ratio would be in decimal form instead of percent. Let's fllin the efficiency ratio and the expenses. We can use the variable r to represent the revenue, $222 million r B= 100 Let's multiply by 7 on both sides, then divide by 75 on both sides of the ‘equation. Ter = Sepmili® 190. r $22,200 million — ry $296 million ‘The bank has $296 million in revenue.A baker at a successful bakery makes three types of cupcakes: vanilla, red velvet, and double chocolate. On Wednesday, he made 18 vanilla cupcakes, which was 17% of the total amount of cupcakes he made. Haw many total cupcakes did the baker make an Wednesday? 35. ® This choice may be the result of incorrectly adding the numbers in the question. 54 Only 17% of the cupeakes were vanilla. o4 ©) tischoice may be the result of confusing the number of vanilla cupcakes with the percent when substituting inte the equation. © 106 Let's let the variable ¢ equal the total number of cupcakes. If the baker made 18. g ‘vanilla cupcakes that was 17% of the total, then we can say that 0.17¢ = 18. To salve for c, we can divide by 0.17: 18 tar 105.9 ‘To the nearest cupcake, this is 106 cupcakes.A college writing seminar increased its size by 50% from the first to the second day. If the total number of students in the seminar on the second day was 15, how many students were in the class on the first day? @ © 8 This is 50% of the number of students on the second day. 10 23 This choice may be the result of assuming that the number of students on the second day increased by 50%. 30: The number of students increased by 50%, not decreased. First, we should realize that the number of students in the seminar on the first day should be less than the number af students an the secand day, considering that number increased from the first to second day. Next, let's set up an equation to solve for z, the number of students in the seminar on the first day, given that a 50% increase is equivalent to 1.52. lor =15 After dividing by 1.5 on both sides, we see that z = 10. ‘There were 10 students in the writing seminar on the first day.During an activity analysis, a human resources manager determined that an employee spent 1.7 hours an the phone one week, which was 47% of the employee's total work hours for the week. How many hours did the employee work?For a certain toll bridge, drivers get an 11% bonus credit if they buy credit on a prepaid toll pass instead of paying cash. If a driver pays $9 for a prepaid toll pass, what is the total credit on the toll pass in dollars? Ifa driver gets an 11% bonus credit on the prepaid toll pass, plus has the credit for which the driver paid, that means the driver gets a total credit for 111% of what the driver paid. We know the driver paid $9. Let's find 111% of $9. we can convert 111% to the decimal 1.11 in order to multiply. 1.11-9=9.99 The driver gets a total credit of $9.99 on the prepaid toll pass.A study of 120,000 randomly selected photos posted to a social media site determined that 47% were "selfies,” photos of oneself. If the percent of selfies is consistent throughout the rest of the photos on the site, and there are 20 bi seffies? n photos, how many billions of photos on the os g One verbal model of percent is: percent = The selfies are the part that interests us. Let's use variable $ to represent the number of selfies in the whole site. 8 30billion *”°Layla and Nathan each sent out college recrutment e-mail to diferent prospectivestudents. ‘Students followed a nk to get more information fiom 227% of Lay's 400 eras and frm 60 out of 350 of Nathan's e-mails. To the nearest percent, what percent of the total students clicked (on the linktrom the emails? 15 CORRECT ANSWER: 20% (3 ccaaaneaia mca eran students who clicked on the link Students who received the emails “ ‘°° Wie can add to find the total numberof students who received the e-mails ram Layla ‘ang Nathan. 490 +350 = 750 ‘$0750 students received the e-mails, Wie ler 60 ofthe students clicked on the link ror Nathan's emails, butwe sti need to determine how many clicked onit from Laya’s e-mails, We see that 22% of 400 students clicked on the Ink 4000.22 = 88 Wie see that 88 students clicked on the Ink fem Lay's emails, ‘Thus, €0 + 88 = 148 studonte ceed on the ine Now we can substtute these values into-oureriginal verbal made. us. apm 19.73% ‘To the nearest percent, 20 percent ofthe students clicked onthe link from the &- rail. [Mote: We de not enter units o the % symbolinto the SAT textbox:(One marketing protessional recommends that businesses budget between 12% and 16% of their monthly gross sales for rent. Ifa business earns $540,000 in gross sales per year, how much would the adviser recommend as the maximum budget for rent each month? 86400 CORRECT ANSWER: 7200 This would be the maximum amount the adviser would recommend as the budget for rent each year, not each month. First, let's convert the gross sales per year to the gross sales per month by dividing by 12. $540,000 = = $45,000 To $45, The business has monthly gross sales of $45,000. Next we can calculate 16% of that amount to determine the budget that the marketing professional would recommend for the maximum. We change the percent to a dacimal in order to multiply $45,000 - 0.16 = $7200 ‘The marketing professional would recommend that the business budget a maximum of $7200 on rent each month.‘A study suggests that 75% of household sold waste can be recycled, However, the average person only recycles 30% of his or har so! waste. If the average person produces 4.5 pounds of solid waste day, approximately how many more pounds of solid weate could be recycled Compared to the amount they curently recycle? ® ° 1.35 pounds Youtound 30% of 4.3. 2.03 pound: 3.38 pounds Youlound 75% of 4.5. 11.25 pounds 4.5 pouncis the amount cf waste forthe average person I'seems you interpreted & aethe amount rocyded, The amount of vaste that could be recyciedis 8.98 pounds. 178% of 4.5 = 0.75(4.8) 338 The emourt of waste tht isrecycled by the average person is 1.95 pounds. 30% of 4.5 = 0.3(4.5) 135 ‘The numberof additional pounds that could be recycled (compared to what is ‘currently being recycled) isthe dtference. 3.38 1.3 2.08 poundsInport gouda and srvaas Eapected gheda and sencas a 150 163 15 ‘goods end series thre exported tote US ed the ola valet {ableatenshows the enountof goods ar servees that were ‘ert oan imported tom other courte in anu of 2008 ‘and 2000. According tothe formaton nthe table above, what percentage did tha tae dit svin tom 2008 to 20007 o™ Ths i te percentage decease of exp. @™* Tris is he percentage decease imports. 28% © ie srreoce you tok inity tne de dt oe a eae @ w Oe naneemegeae 150 — 211 = -61 ton dosars ‘The Us wade dent 2009 the dtsence betwee erported goods andimpored goods: 2000. sea by meUS td deen 2008. 81-28) = Ss ‘Sethe US tace deft shrank by 38% rom 2008 to 2000.Isabella paid one of her bills late and owed a 4% late fee. Her total, with the late fee, was $780. How much was Isabella's original bill in dollars? 19500 CORRECT ANSWER: 750 Because Isabella is paying her whole bill plus a 4% late fee, she is really paying 100% + 4% = 104% of her original bill. Because we know that 104% of her original bill is $780, we can write that as an equation. Let's use the variable b to represent Isabella's original bill. We will also use the decimal equivalent of 104%, which is 1.04. 1.04b = 780 Let's divide by 1.04 on both sides of the equation. Bets 0 jer 104The rate of retum is the profit or loss on an investment as a percent ofthe intial investment cost. ‘What s the rate of retum on an investment that is now worth $20,880 an¢ originally cost $18,000? 13.8 CORRECT ANSWER: 16 Fit we need o cleat the proiby subtracting the costs rom the current vale D crtnetnvesinen. 20,888 —18,000 2,888 ‘The profit is $2,888. Now we can find the percent that this profit is ofthe intial cost. —____ Profit jnitial investment cost 2,888, 2 «100 18,000 =16 percent 100 ‘The rate of return is 16 percent.‘The population of Springville onthe seach yest, on January I the town hots is cw census and te population reeorded. tn 2010, the tawe recorded a pepuiation 12,000. THe 2011 consus epeited 3 5% inzease Kom te 2010 population. and the 2012 census reported 12 Th; increase hom the 2011 population. By how many peaple dd the population af Springye ingreese over the 2 yea! periog? 240 © rerepeses ne trees ecanage eto euro yer oan ppd to the 82 Remember, 2012 population was « 7% incwose om 2011's population. When finding 7% of 2011's population, you must add this number to the population in 2011. 1440 © re 77 incense acts. on ne popultionn 2011. For vesan.t wou be Inconect tind 19% othe popuisionn 2010, @® we g Fiat, les find te population af Springvale in 2011, “The population i Springite increased by 5% fees 2010 to 2011. To fed the 2011 popsletion, fd 5% of 12,000 and ada this to 12,000. (0.05 x 12,000 + 12,000 = 12,600 we factor outtne 12,000 in me above equation, we-see thet another way to see this esleuation isto fine 105% of 12,000. 12,000 x (0.05 +1) 12,000 x 1.05 = 12,600 Either way, we-see thatthe 2011 population of Spxingvite fs 12,600. Nest. las nd the 2012 population of Springvine,oe — one te ae 1 Toon Senomnnenes vag a we © mrerncrnen hannasenimen ett oh ‘00 © mestonmermnyharemnes Bnei Masamune ie ‘0n00 © cnaines settee yn @ 1800 stent I water ny yt cna et nyt bya nt 10% a oor feat a ey a ya,Tom nag tbow mows reson mange af meter eon be Uninc Sine Ror Ef 92 hoor i day ee BP ww ot _seraay engettien uz tea” ier Areas wis ey HAS (canes cert epee td R= at fone wend egioct fein Sinise sa at deel eed ed ta uceamy vegected wre 11: 18 nthe cect eon ete rusia 3:1 Wt ive stmence Dn aereene of ave argue ri rien asian te Ee Tes a © cect cet cto etn meee saree namceioe e St er cao @ Mee mcm deveined ent we peti changels pecnstage erie go har tha eat toto Sener Fe = Manan -% Pec tiay \ecnarg euwera sicema gat a a sates of Saran sngetnad doco rian Feat ‘sam amrecen in parcmnage canny cette Poe Senet ian tone caren gi et IT‘An ome0y goat as te capacity oo baci 2700 cubic fos (Ft) af wanes. Asaartcasar hase Fits tis, poset nator at sate at 8 FE pa nats tha ie & pcg ao the ok ced erawed on, aptainatahy was panos ju elk Toe wits mae after Dar? @™ Na quacsiray ® 4a ‘You taund sre porcumiage ott a be Rive, insiaad ef the poreormage But Om 83% © raise ana 0 Beet tera te ‘Sinca tha hose fits the posta arate af 25 Ft" por minute, and those aro 60 minutes (amin) in Tn (ar), wo ca tity na ate by Wa ie wa nd ha ae af ‘malo aumio ima the oak “Tr canestation bck shares mat 1500 Ft of waar is gaargoe beth po in 1 nen. Mee i ane aBOe et a° Om oA ane * ahr ahr ‘Let z be the percent af ihe peel that is filed with water after Let. ‘Salva the fllaning equation to anciver the guetion. z Tw om. 00) 1500 TT zw 7 > oD pe ie eee {Tis appresamanaty 36. 56%) of the pool will be filed with wuiar afar T hear.