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Laplace Transforms

1. The document defines the Laplace transform and provides properties and examples of finding the Laplace transform of various functions. 2. Key properties discussed include the shifting property, derivatives of Laplace transforms, and integrating factor property. 3. Numerous examples are worked out applying the definition and properties to find the Laplace transform of functions like sin(at), e-at, tcos(bt), and others.

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Joshua Hernandez
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2K views

Laplace Transforms

1. The document defines the Laplace transform and provides properties and examples of finding the Laplace transform of various functions. 2. Key properties discussed include the shifting property, derivatives of Laplace transforms, and integrating factor property. 3. Numerous examples are worked out applying the definition and properties to find the Laplace transform of functions like sin(at), e-at, tcos(bt), and others.

Uploaded by

Joshua Hernandez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit VI

Laplace Transforms

Definition:- If f(t) is a real valued function for all

, then the laplace transform of f(t),

denoted by L{f(t)} and is defined as

= ( )

Where s is parameter, real or complex.


Note: L af t b g(t) = a L f t

b L{g(t)} where a and b are constants.

Laplace transform of standard functions:1. Prove that,

= , where a is constant.

Proof: By definition

Lf t

La =

= [

If a=1, then

f t dt

a dt

= [0 1]

2. Prove that

( >

Proof: By definition L e

)
(

3. Prove that
Proof:

= {

=
=

[
[

4. Prove that
Proof:

= {

=
=
=

[
[

]
)

e dt =

)
(

dt
)

5. Prove that

Proof: By definition

6. Prove that
Proof: By definition

Proof: By definition

[0 1( . 0 + . 1)]

7. Prove that

[0 1( . 1 + . 0)]

= 0 0 +
=

=

8. Prove that L{ } =

Proof: By definition

( + 1)/

{ }

1 =

{ }

where n is a positive integer

, where n is constant

when t=0, x=0 and when t=, x=

{ } =

{ }

put st=x , s dt= dx, dt=dx/s

therefore L{ } =

( )

Definition:

Examples:

L{ } = ( + 1)/

( )=

( +

)=

1. Find L{f(t)} where f(t)=


Solution: By definition,

replacing n by n+1

, < < 1
, > 1

L{f(t)} =
=

=
(

+ 0

(0)

2. Find the Laplace transform of f(t) =


Solution : By definition,

, < < 4
, > 4

L{f(t)} =
=
=
=
= - {4
=-

1. (

-0}- {

- {

-1}+

+5
-1}- {0-

- {

-1}

, < <
, >

3. Find the Laplace transform of f(t)=

Solution: By definition,
L{f(t)} =
=
{

=
=

sin 2
)

(0)

=
=

4. Find the Laplace transform of f(t)=

Solution:

<

<

>

L{f(t)} =

5. Find the Laplace transform of f(t)=

, < <

>

First shifting property: If L{f(t)} = f(s) then, L{


Proof: By definition,
L{

f(t)} =
=
= f(s-a)

f(t)} = f(s-a)

Standard results:
1. L{
2. L{
3. L{
4. L{
5. L{

}= (

sin

cos

}=
}=

)
(

sin }=

cos }=

because, L{ }=

because, L{sin

}=

because, L{sin

}=

because, L{sinh

}=

because, L{cosh

}=

Examples:
1. Find L{

We know that, sin sin

Therefore L{sin 2 sin 3 } =


=

2. Find L{

cos(

) cos( +

cos( ) cos(5 )

t}

We know that, cos

(put =2t)

L{ cos 2t} = L{

= [L{1}+L{cos 4 }]

= { +

3. Find L{

t}

We know that sin3 = 3sin - 4sin or sin =


L{sin 2t} = L{
=

{sin2t} - {sin6t}
} - {

t cos2t cos3t}

We know that cosA cosB = {cos

+ cos

L{cost cos2t cos3t} =

5. Find L{

+4
+4

6. Find L{ (

1 +

cos 3t =
3

) + (cos 4 +

6 + cos 4 +
+

-2sin3t +3cos3t}

-2sin3t +3cos3t} =

+4( ) -2(

) }

) +3(

L{ (sint cost) } = L{sin t + cos t 2sintcost}


= L{ 1-sin2t}
= -

(put

} cos =

cos 3t + cos 3

(cos3t + cos )

L{

= 2 )

= {
4. Find L{

(put

2 )

= 3 )

7. Find L{sin2t cos3t}


We know that, cosA sinB = {sin(A+B)-sin(A-B)}
L{sin2t cos3t} =

L{sin5t-sint}

8. Find L{

We know that cos3 = 4cos - 3cos , cos =


L{ cos 2t } = L{
=
=

9. Find L{ sin5t cos2t }


10. L {
11. L {(

}
+

) +

12. L {

13. Find L{

14. Find L{
L{ e

)}
}

sinh4t} = L{ e
=
=

L{ e e

)}

(put

= 2 )

15. Find L{

L{ e

)}

(2cos5t 3sin5t)} = 2L {e
= 2 {(
= (

16. Find L{

cos5t} 3L { e
} - 3 {(

because, sin =

= L{ e e cos2t}
= L{

17. Find L{

We know that, sinA cosB =

{sin(A+B)+sin(A-B)}

L{ e sin2t cost} = L{ e (sin3t + sint) }

= L{ e sin3t + e sint) }
= {(

L{

19. L{

L{ e sin t} = L{ e (

18. Find L{

sin5t}

} = {(

20. L{sinhat sinat}

+(

Properties of Laplace transforms:

Property 1: If L{f(t)}= f(s) then L{ ( )} = ( )


Proof: By definition
( ) =

( )

Differentiating both sides with respect to s


[f(s)] =

f(t) dt

According to Leibnitz rule for differentiation under integral sign


[f(s)]

[f(s)]

= -

[f(s)]

f(t) dt

( ) f(t) dt
f(t) dt

(-1) [f(s)] = L{t f(t)}

Similarly

( 1)
( 1)
( 1)

f(t)}
f(t)}


Property 2: If
Proof: By definition

( ) then prove that

f(t) dt

Integrating both sides between s to with respect to s


=

f t dt ds

=
=
=

[changing the order of integration]

f t ds dt

[0

= L {

( )

( )

Examples:
(1) Find {

We know that

} =

} = ( 1)1
= [


(
)

]
] = (

(2) Find

We know that

} =

} = ( 1)1

= [

] = (

(3) Find L{t2 sin at}


We know that L {sin at} =

Therefore L t sin at = ( 1)
=

[(

= (

t cos ht =
=

{t (

[ t

)}

+ t

(
(

(4) Find {

)
)
(

)
]

= [(

5. Find {

We know that
Therefore

= 3 [(

sin 4
4

7. Find

cos 3

We know that

Therefore

= (

= {

= {

= [

= ( 1)

= (
6. Find {

+ (

[(

)}

}
]

( + )

= 0

8. Find {

We know that sin

Therefore

9. Find {

L{

{1

} =
} =

= [

We know that

10. Find

} =
=

]ds

= [logs log (s 1)]


= [

] =

ds

= [
11. Find {

] = 0

We know that L e sint =

12. Find {
13. Find

14. Show that


sin4t] dt

= ( 1)

= (

Put s=2

15. P.T.

sin4t] dt = (

We have,
e

+ 1 =

] =

[t e

ds = [tan (

[t e

f t dt = L f t

)
)

tcos2tdt = L tcos2t

)]

( + 1)

= ( 1)

Put s=3,
e

16. Evaluate

= (

tcos2tdt = (

] = [

using Laplace transform

We have,

f t dt = L f t
) dt = L{
=

= [

= [

( + )

= 0

Put s=0
e

)dt = log

( + )]

] = [

Property 3: If
Proof: Let

L F t

= ( ) then [

f t dt and hence

F t dt

= 0 0 +
=

17. Find {

Let

}
=

= {

= (1) [
= [

] =

] =

t cos at dt =

( )

( )

( )

( ) and

e
F t dt
s

F t dt

0 = 0

18. Find {

Let f t = e
= {
=

= [

L[
e

f t dt] =

( )

ds

)]
)

= ( )

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