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Impeller Types

There are different types of impellers that either circulate liquid axially or radially. The size of the impeller depends on factors like its type and operating conditions which are characterized by numbers like Reynolds and Froude. For turbine impellers commonly used, the ratio of impeller to vessel diameters typically falls between 0.3-0.6. Standard impeller speeds used are between 37-320 rpm, though two-speed drives may be needed for applications with high starting torques. Experts differ on the optimal impeller location but it can initially be placed 1/6 of the liquid level from the bottom or 1/3 of the impeller diameter if suspending solids off the bottom.

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275 views

Impeller Types

There are different types of impellers that either circulate liquid axially or radially. The size of the impeller depends on factors like its type and operating conditions which are characterized by numbers like Reynolds and Froude. For turbine impellers commonly used, the ratio of impeller to vessel diameters typically falls between 0.3-0.6. Standard impeller speeds used are between 37-320 rpm, though two-speed drives may be needed for applications with high starting torques. Experts differ on the optimal impeller location but it can initially be placed 1/6 of the liquid level from the bottom or 1/3 of the impeller diameter if suspending solids off the bottom.

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jokish
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© © All Rights Reserved
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IMPELLER TYPES

A basic classification is into those that circulate the liquid axially and those that achieve primarily
radial circulation. Some of the many shapes that are being used will be described shortly.
IMPELLER SIZE
This depends on the kind of impeller and operating conditions described by the Reynolds, Froude,
and Power numbers as well as individual characteristics whose effects have been correlated. For the
popular turbine impeller, the ratio of diameters of impeller and vessel falls in the range, d/D t=0.3-0.6,
the lower values at high rpm, in gas dispersion, for example.
IMPELLER SPEED
With commercially available motors and speed reducers, standard speeds are 37, 45, 56, 68, 84, 100,
125, 155, 190, and 320 rpm. Power requirements usually are not great enough to justify the use of
continuously adjustable steam turbine drives. Two-speed drives may be required when starting
torques are high, as with a settled slurry.
IMPELLER LOCATION
Expert opinions differ somewhat on this factor. As a first approximation, the
impeller can be placed at 1/6 the liquid level off the bottom. In some cases there
is provision for changing the position of the impeller on the shaft. For off-bottom
suspension of solids, an impeller location of 1/3 the impeller diameter off the
bottom may be satisfactory. Criteria developed by Dickey (1984) are based on
the viscosity of the liquid and the ratio of the liquid depth to the tank diameter,
h/Q.

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