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LA3

This document contains 11 questions regarding vector spaces and subspaces. The questions cover topics such as determining if sets of vectors are subspaces, finding the dimension of subspaces, expressing vectors with respect to different bases, and computing change of basis matrices.

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Tejaswi Nisanth
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12 views

LA3

This document contains 11 questions regarding vector spaces and subspaces. The questions cover topics such as determining if sets of vectors are subspaces, finding the dimension of subspaces, expressing vectors with respect to different bases, and computing change of basis matrices.

Uploaded by

Tejaswi Nisanth
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The LNM Institute of Information Technology

Jaipur, Rajsthan
Assignment 3 (Vector spaces) Subject Name: Linear Algebra
Q1. If M and N are 4dimensional subspaces of a vector space V of dimension 7 then
show that M and N have at least one vector in common other than the zero vector.
Q2. Let P = L{(1, 0, 0), (1, 1, 0)} and Q = L{(1, 1, 1)} be vector subspaces of R3 . Show
that P + Q = R3 and P Q = {0}. If u R3 , determine uP , uQ such that
u = uP + uQ where uP P and uQ Q. Is it necessary that uP and uQ are unique?
Q3. Let W1 be a kdimensional subspace of an ndimensional vector space V (F ) where
k 1. Prove that there exists an (n k)-dimensional subspace W2 of V such that
W1 W2 = {0} and W1 + W2 = V.
Q4. Let P and Q be subspaces of Rn such that P + Q = Rn and P Q = {0}. Then
show that each u Rn can be uniquely expressed as u = uP + uQ where uP P and
uQ Q.
Q5. Let P = L{(1, 1, 0), (1, 1, 0)} and Q = L{(1, 1, 1), (1, 2, 1)} be vector subspaces of
R3 . Show that P + Q = R3 and P Q 6= {0}. Show that there exists a vector u R3
such that u cannot be written uniquely in the form u = uP + uQ where uP P and
uQ Q.
Q6. Recall the vector space P4 (R). Is the set, W = {p(x) P4 (R) : p(1) = p(1) = 0} a
subspace of P4 (R)? If yes, find its dimension.
Q7. Let V be the set of all 2 2 matrices with complex entries and a11 + a22 = 0. Show
that V is a real vector space. Find its basis. Also let W = {A V : a21 = a12 }.
Show W is a vector subspace of V , and find its dimension.

1 2 1 3 2
2
4
0
6
0 2 2 2 4
1 0 2 5

Q8. Let A =
2 2 4 0 8 , and B = 3 5 1 4
4 2 5 6 10
1 1 1
2
be two matrices. For A and B find the following:
(a) their row-reduced echelon forms.
(b) the matrices P1 and P2 such that P1 A and P2 B are in row-reduced form.
(c) a basis each for the row spaces of A and B.
(d) a basis each for the range spaces of A and B.
(e) bases of the null spaces of A and B.
(f) the dimensions of all the vector subspaces so obtained.
Q9. Let M (n, R) denote the space of all n n real matrices. For the sets given below,
check that they are subspaces of M (n, R) and also find their dimension.
(a) sln = {A Mn (R) : trace(A) = 0}

(b) Symn = {A Mn (R) : A = At }


(c) Skewn = {A Mn (R) : A + At = 0}
Q10. Determine the coordinates of the vectors (1, 2, 1) and (4, 2, 2) with respect to the
basis B = {(2, 1, 0), (2, 1, 1), (2, 2, 1)} of R3 .
Q11. Consider the vector space P3 (R).
(a) Show that B1 = {1x, 1+x2 , 1x3 , 3+x2 x3 } and B2 = {1, 1x, 1+x2 , 1x3 }
are bases of P3 (R).
(b) Find the coordinates of the vector u = 1 + x + x2 + x3 with respect to the ordered
basis B1 and B2 .
(c) Find the matrix A such that [u]B2 = A[u]B1 .
(d) Let v = a0 + a1 x + a2 x2 + a3 x3 . Then verify the following:

a1
a0 a1 + 2a2 a3

[v]B1 =
a0 a1 + a2 2a3
a0 + a1 a2 + a3

0 1 0 0
a0 + a1 a2 + a3
1 0 1 0

a1

=
1 0 0 1

a2
a3
1 0 0 0
= A1 [v]B2 .

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