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Y X 0. y X 0. C

1. The document provides solutions to Euler equations and initial value problems using variation of parameters. Equations are solved for specific functions with initial conditions. 2. Variation of parameters is used to find particular solutions for nonhomogeneous equations, which are combined with the complementary function to give the general solution. 3. More examples are worked out using variation of parameters to solve equations with initial conditions.

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18 views

Y X 0. y X 0. C

1. The document provides solutions to Euler equations and initial value problems using variation of parameters. Equations are solved for specific functions with initial conditions. 2. Variation of parameters is used to find particular solutions for nonhomogeneous equations, which are combined with the complementary function to give the general solution. 3. More examples are worked out using variation of parameters to solve equations with initial conditions.

Uploaded by

zen8386
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UECM1713 Tutorial: Euler equations, Variation of parameters

1. Solve the given Euler equation.


(a) x2 y 00 + 5xy 0 + 4y = 0, x > 0.
(b) 3x2 y 00 + 6xy 0 + y = 0, x > 0.

Ans: (a) y = x2 (c1 + c2 ln x) (b) y = x1/2 c1 cos( 2 ln x) + c2 sin( 2 ln x)


2. Use the method of variation of parameters to find a particular solution of the given nonhomogeneous equation. Then find the general solution of the equation.
(a) y 00 + y = sec x tan x
(b) y 00 2y 0 + 2y = ex sin x
1
x
Ans: (a) y = c1 sin x + c2 cos x
+ x cos x + sin x ln | sec x| (b) y = e (A sin x + B cos x x cos x)
2
3. Solve by variation of parameters.
(a) xy 00 + y 0 = x, x > 0.
(b) x2 y 00 xy 0 + y = 2x, x > 0.
(c) x2 y 00 2xy 0 + 2y = x3 sin x, x > 0
2
Ans: (a) y = c1 +c2 ln x+ x4 . (b) y = c1 x+c2 x ln x+x(ln x)2 . (c)y = yh +yp = c1 x+c2 x2 x sin x
4. Solve the given initial value problem.
(a) t2 x00 (t) 12x(t) = 0, x(1) = 3, x0 (1) = 5.
(b) x2 y 00 + xy 0 + y = 0,
(c) xy 00 + y 0 = x,

y(1) = 1, y 0 (1) = 2.

y(1) = 1, y 0 (1) = 1/2.

Ans: x = 2t4 + t3 , y = cos ln x + 2 sin ln x, y =

3
x2
ln x +
4
4

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