TASK 2: CHALLENGE

Problem 1
IP ADDRESS: 172.30.1.33
NETWORK MASK: 255.255.255.0
1) TRANSLATE IP ADDRESS AND NETWORK MASK INTO BINARY NOTATION.
First of all, change the ip address and network mask to binary number.
Below is the method to change decimal to binary number:Change 172 to binary number:
Divide the number by 2 until zero or one. Each division, if it got remainder, the binary number will be
= 1. If got no remainder, the binary number is = 0.
2/172
2/86
2/43
2/21
2/10
2/5
2/2
1

=0
=0
=1
=1
=0
=1
=0
=1

172 divide by 2 is equal to 86

It got no remainder, so binary no. = 0
43 divide by 2 is equal to 21.5
It got remainder, so binary no. = 1

When the division is done, take the binary number from below to above.
172 = 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
Do the same step for the other number.
Finally, you will got 10101100 . 00011110 . 00000001 . 00100001 for ip address.
After that, translate the network mask and answer is 11111111 . 11111111 . 11111111 . 00000000
2) DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF SUBNET BITS
To determine the number of subnet bits, we need to count the number of 1 in subnet mask to get
the subnet bits.
Subnet bits : 8 ( subnet mask 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 )
3) DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF SUBNET
To calculate the number of subnet, use the formula below:
n

SUBNET

= 2n (n = subnet bits)
= 28
= 256

4) DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF HOST BITS PER SUBNET

To determine the number of subnet bits, we need to count the number of 0 in subnet mask to get
the subnet bits.
Subnet bits : 8 ( subnet mask 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 )
5) DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF USABLE HOST PER SUBNET
To calculate the number of subnet, use the formula below:
n

SUBNET

= 2n 2 (n = subnet bits)
= 28 2
= 256 2
= 254

6) CALCULATE THE SUBNET ADDRESS FOR THIS IP ADDRESS

To calculate these, perform a bit-wise AND operation or multiply operation on the IP address and
subnet mask.
1st method (when 1 AND 1, the result is 1; 0 AND anything, the result is 0)
2nd method (multiply : 1 x 1 = 1 ; 0 x 1 = 0 )
10101100 . 00011110 . 00000001 . 00100001
X 11111111 . 11111111 . 11111111 . 00000000
= 10101100 . 00011110 . 11111111 . 00000000
= 172 .
30 .
1
.
0

IP address
Subnet Mask
Subnet Address
(changed from binary to decimal)

7) DETERMINE THE IP ADDRESS OF FIRST HOST ON THIS SUBNET

To determine the ip address of first host, state the subnet address in binary form.
Then, change the last number in subnet address into 1.
=10101100. 00011110. 11111111. 00000000 ( Subnet Address )
=10101100. 00011110. 11111111. 00000001 ( 1ST Host ) (changed from 0 to 1)
= 172 .
30
.
1
.
1
(changed from binary to decimal)
8) DETERMINE THE IP ADDRESS OF LAST HOST ON THIS SUBNET
To determine the ip address of first host, state the 1st host ip address in binary form.
Then, invert the number in host bits counting range.
=10101100. 00011110. 11111111. 00000001 ( 1st Host IP Address )
=10101100. 00011110. 11111111. 11111110 ( Last Host IP Address )
= 172 .
30
.
1
.
254
(changed from binary to decimal)
9) DETERMINE THE BROADCAST ADDRESS FOR THIS SUBNET
To determine the ip address of first host, state the last host ip address in binary form.
Then, change the last number in subnet address into 1.
=10101100. 00011110. 11111111. 11111110 ( Last Host IP Address )
=10101100. 00011110. 11111111. 11111111 ( Broadcast Address )
= 172 .
30
.
1
.
255 (changed from binary to decimal)

Add this information to the table

Host Ip Address
Subnet Mask
Number Of Subnet Bits
Number Of Subnet
Number Of Host Bits Per Subnet
Number Of Usable Hosts Per Subnet
Subnet Address For This Ip Address
Ip Address Of First Host Ip Address
Ip Address Of Last Host Ip Address
Broadcast Address For This Subnet

172.30.1.33
255.255.255..0
8
256
2
254
172.30.1.0
172.30.1.1
172.30.1.254
172.30.1.255

Problem 2
IP ADDRESS: 172.30.1.33
NETWORK MASK: 255.255.255.0
1) TRANSLATE IP ADDRESS AND NETWORK MASK INTO BINARY NOTATION.
IP ADDRESS:
NETWORK MASK:

172.30.1.33
= 10101100.0000111110.00000001.00100001
255.255.255.252 = 11111111.111111111.11111111.11111100

2) DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF SUBNET BITS

To determine the number of subnet bits, we need to count the number of 1 in subnet mask to get
the subnet bits.
Subnet bits : 14( subnet mask 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111100 )
3) DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF SUBNET
To calculate the number of subnet, use the formula below:
n

SUBNET

= 2n (n = subnet bits)
= 214
= 16,384

4) DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF HOST BITS PER SUBNET

To determine the number of subnet bits, we need to count the number of 0 in subnet mask to get
the subnet bits.
Subnet bits : 2 ( subnet mask 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111100 )
5) DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF USABLE HOST PER SUBNET
To calculate the number of subnet, use the formula below:
n

SUBNET

= 2n 2 (n = subnet bits)
= 22 2
=42
=2

6) CALCULATE THE SUBNET ADDRESS FOR THIS IP ADDRESS

To calculate these, perform a bit-wise AND operation or multiply operation on the IP address and
subnet mask.
10101100 . 00011110 . 00000001 . 00100001
X 11111111 . 11111111 . 11111111 . 11111100
= 10101100 . 00011110 . 11111111 . 00100000
= 172 .
30 .
1
.
32

IP address
Subnet Mask
Subnet Address
(changed from binary to decimal)

7) DETERMINE THE IP ADDRESS OF FIRST HOST ON THIS SUBNET

To determine the ip address of first host, state the subnet address in binary form.
Then, change the last number in subnet address into 1.
=10101100. 00011110. 11111111. 000000 00 ( Subnet Address )
=10101100. 00011110. 11111111. 001000 01 ( 1ST Host ) (changed from 0 to 1)
= 172 .
30
.
1
.
32
(changed from binary to decimal)
8) DETERMINE THE IP ADDRESS OF LAST HOST ON THIS SUBNET
To determine the ip address of first host, state the 1st host ip address in binary form.
Then, invert the number in host counting range.
=10101100. 00011110. 11111111. 000000 01 ( 1st Host IP Address )
=10101100. 00011110. 11111111. 001000 10 ( Last Host IP Address )
= 172 .
30
.
1
.
34
(changed from binary to decimal)
9) DETERMINE THE BROADCAST ADDRESS FOR THIS SUBNET
To determine the ip address of first host, state the last host ip address in binary form.
Then, change the last number in last host ip address into 1.
=10101100. 00011110. 11111111. 111111 10 ( Last Host IP Address )
=10101100. 00011110. 11111111. 001000 11 ( Broadcast Address )
= 172 .
30
.
1
.
35 (changed from binary to decimal)
Add this information to the table
Host Ip Address
Subnet Mask
Number Of Subnet Bits
Number Of Subnet
Number Of Host Bits Per Subnet
Number Of Usable Hosts Per Subnet
Subnet Address For This Ip Address
Ip Address Of First Host Ip Address
Ip Address Of Last Host Ip Address
Broadcast Address For This Subnet

172.30.1.33
255.255.255.252
14
16 384
2
2
172.30.1.32
172.30.1.33
172.30.1.34
172.30.1.35

Problem 3
IP ADDRESS: 192.192.10.234
NETWORK MASK: 255.255.255.0
1) TRANSLATE IP ADDRESS AND NETWORK MASK INTO BINARY NOTATION.
IP ADDRESS:
NETWORK MASK:

192.192.10.234 = 1100000.11000000..00001010.11101010
255.255.255.0 = 11111111.111111111.11111111.00000000

2) DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF SUBNET BITS

To determine the number of subnet bits, we need to count the number of 1 in subnet mask to get
the subnet bits.
Subnet bits : 8( subnet mask 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 )
3) DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF SUBNET
To calculate the number of subnet, use the formula below:
n

SUBNET

=2n (n = subnet bits)

= 28
= 256

4) DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF HOST BITS PER SUBNET

To determine the number of subnet bits, we need to count the number of 0 in subnet mask to get
the subnet bits.
Subnet bits : 8 ( subnet mask 11111111.11111111.11111111.000000000 )
5) DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF USABLE HOST PER SUBNET
To calculate the number of subnet, use the formula below:
n

SUBNET

= 2n 2 (n = subnet bits)
= 28 2
= 256 2
= 254

6) CALCULATE THE SUBNET ADDRESS FOR THIS IP ADDRESS

To calculate these, perform a bit-wise AND operation or multiply operation on the IP address and
subnet mask.
11000000 .11000000 .00001010 .11101010
X 11111111 .11111111 .11111111 .00000000
= 11000000 .11000000 .00001010 .00000000
= 192 .
192 .
10 .
0

IP address
Subnet Mask
Subnet Address
(changed from binary to decimal)

7) DETERMINE THE IP ADDRESS OF FIRST HOST ON THIS SUBNET

To determine the ip address of first host, state the subnet address in binary form.
Then, change the last number in subnet address into 1.
=11000000 .11000000 .00001010 .00000000 ( Subnet Address )
=11000000 .11000000 .00001010 .00000001 ( 1ST Host ) (changed from 0 to 1)
= 192 .
192 .
10 .
1
(changed from binary to decimal)
8) DETERMINE THE IP ADDRESS OF LAST HOST ON THIS SUBNET
To determine the ip address of first host, state the 1st host ip address in binary form.
Then, invert the number in host counting range.
=11000000 .11000000 .00001010 .00000000 ( 1st Host IP Address )
=11000000 .11000000 .00001010 .11111110 ( Last Host IP Address )
= 192 .
192 .
10 .
254
(changed from binary to decimal)
9) DETERMINE THE BROADCAST ADDRESS FOR THIS SUBNET
To determine the ip address of first host, state the last host ip address in binary form.
Then, change the last number in last host ip address into 1.
=11000000 .11000000 .00001010 .00000000 ( Last Host IP Address )
=11000000 .11000000 .00001010 .11111111 ( Broadcast Address )
= 192 .
192 .
10 .
255
(changed from binary to decimal)
Add this information to the table
Host Ip Address
Subnet Mask
Number Of Subnet Bits
Number Of Subnet
Number Of Host Bits Per Subnet
Number Of Usable Hosts Per Subnet
Subnet Address For This Ip Address
Ip Address Of First Host Ip Address
Ip Address Of Last Host Ip Address
Broadcast Address For This Subnet

192.192.10.234
255.255.255.0
8
256
8
254
192.192.10.0
192.192.10.1
192.192.10.254
192.192.10.255

Problem 4
IP ADDRESS: 172.17.99.71
NETWORK MASK: 255.255.0.0
1) TRANSLATE IP ADDRESS AND NETWORK MASK INTO BINARY NOTATION.
IP ADDRESS:
NETWORK MASK:

172.17.99.71
255.255.0.0

= 10101100.00010001.01100011.001000111
= 11111111.111111111.00000000.00000000

2) DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF SUBNET BITS

To determine the number of subnet bits, we need to count the number of 1 in subnet mask to get
the subnet bits.
Subnet bits : 0( subnet mask 11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000 )
3) DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF SUBNET
To calculate the number of subnet, use the formula below:
n

SUBNET

=2n (n = subnet bits)

= 20
=1

4) DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF HOST BITS PER SUBNET

To determine the number of subnet bits, we need to count the number of 0 in subnet mask to get
the subnet bits.
Subnet bits : 16 ( subnet mask 11111111.11111111.00000000.000000000 )
5) DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF USABLE HOST PER SUBNET
To calculate the number of subnet, use the formula below:
n

SUBNET

= 2n 2 (n = subnet bits)
= 216 2
= 65 536 2
= 65 534

6) CALCULATE THE SUBNET ADDRESS FOR THIS IP ADDRESS

To calculate these, perform a bit-wise AND operation or multiply operation on the IP address and
subnet mask.
10101100 .00010001 .01100011 .001000111
X 11111111 .11111111 .00000000 .00000000
= 10101100 .00010001 .00000000 .00000000
= 172 .
17 .
0
.
0

IP address
Subnet Mask
Subnet Address
(changed from binary to decimal)

7) DETERMINE THE IP ADDRESS OF FIRST HOST ON THIS SUBNET

To determine the ip address of first host, state the subnet address in binary form.
Then, change the last number in subnet address into 1.
=10101100 .00010001 .00000000 .00000000 ( Subnet Address )
=10101100 .00010001 .00000000 .00000001 ( 1ST Host ) (changed from 0 to 1)
= 172 .
17 .
0
.
1
(changed from binary to decimal)
8) DETERMINE THE IP ADDRESS OF LAST HOST ON THIS SUBNET
To determine the ip address of first host, state the 1st host ip address in binary form.
Then, invert the number in host counting range.
=10101100 .00010001 .00000000 .00000001 ( 1st Host IP Address )
=10101100 .00010001 .11111111 .11111110 ( Last Host IP Address )
= 172 .
17 .
255
.
254 (changed from binary to decimal)
9) DETERMINE THE BROADCAST ADDRESS FOR THIS SUBNET
To determine the ip address of first host, state the last host ip address in binary form.
Then, change the last number in last host ip address into 1.
=10101100 .00010001 .00000000.11111110 ( Last Host IP Address )
=10101100 .00010001 .11111111 .11111111 ( Broadcast Address )
= 172 .
17
.
255 .
255
(changed from binary to decimal)
Add this information to the table
Host Ip Address
Subnet Mask
Number Of Subnet Bits
Number Of Subnet
Number Of Host Bits Per Subnet
Number Of Usable Hosts Per Subnet
Subnet Address For This Ip Address
Ip Address Of First Host Ip Address
Ip Address Of Last Host Ip Address
Broadcast Address For This Subnet

172.17.99.71
255.255.0.0
0
1
16
65 536
172.17.99.0
172.17.99.1
172.17.255.254
172.17.255.255

Problem 5
IP ADDRESS: 192.168.3.219
NETWORK MASK: 255.255.255.0
1) TRANSLATE IP ADDRESS AND NETWORK MASK INTO BINARY NOTATION.
IP ADDRESS:
NETWORK MASK:

192.168.3.219 = 11000000.10101000.00000011.11011011
255.255.255.0 = 11111111.111111111.11111111.00000000

2) DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF SUBNET BITS

To determine the number of subnet bits, we need to count the number of 1 in subnet mask to get
the subnet bits.
Subnet bits : 8( subnet mask 11111111.11111111.111111111.00000000 )
3) DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF SUBNET
To calculate the number of subnet, use the formula below:
n

SUBNET

=2n (n = subnet bits)

= 28
= 256

4) DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF HOST BITS PER SUBNET

To determine the number of subnet bits, we need to count the number of 0 in subnet mask to get
the subnet bits.
Subnet bits : 8 ( subnet mask 11111111.11111111. 11111111.000000000 )
5) DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF USABLE HOST PER SUBNET
To calculate the number of subnet, use the formula below:
n

SUBNET

= 2n 2 (n = subnet bits)
= 28 2
= 256 2
= 256

6) CALCULATE THE SUBNET ADDRESS FOR THIS IP ADDRESS

To calculate these, perform a bit-wise AND operation or multiply operation on the IP address and
subnet mask.
11000000 .10101000 .00000011 .11011011
X 11111111 .11111111 .11111111 .00000000
= 11000000 .10101000 .00000011 .00000000
= 192 .
168 .
3
.
0

IP address
Subnet Mask
Subnet Address
(changed from binary to decimal)

7) DETERMINE THE IP ADDRESS OF FIRST HOST ON THIS SUBNET

To determine the ip address of first host, state the subnet address in binary form.
Then, change the last number in subnet address into 1.
=11000000 .10101000 .00000011 .00000000 ( Subnet Address )
=11000000 .10101000 .00000011 .00000001 ( 1ST Host ) (changed from 0 to 1)
=
192 .
168 .
3 .
1
(changed from binary to decimal)
8) DETERMINE THE IP ADDRESS OF LAST HOST ON THIS SUBNET
To determine the ip address of first host, state the 1st host ip address in binary form.
Then, invert the number in host counting range.
=11000000 .10101000 .00000011 .00000001 ( 1st Host IP Address )
=11000000 .10101000 .00000011.11111110 ( Last Host IP Address )
= 192 .
168 .
3 .
254 (changed from binary to decimal)
9) DETERMINE THE BROADCAST ADDRESS FOR THIS SUBNET
To determine the ip address of first host, state the last host ip address in binary form.
Then, change the last number in last host ip address into 1.
=11000000 .10101000 .00000011. 11111110( Last Host IP Address )
=11000000 .10101000 .00000011.11111111 ( Broadcast Address )
= 192 .
168 .
3
.
255 (changed from binary to decimal)
Add this information to the table
Host Ip Address
Subnet Mask
Number Of Subnet Bits
Number Of Subnet
Number Of Host Bits Per Subnet
Number Of Usable Hosts Per Subnet
Subnet Address For This Ip Address
Ip Address Of First Host Ip Address
Ip Address Of Last Host Ip Address
Broadcast Address For This Subnet

192.168.3.219
255.255.255.0
8
256
8
254
192.168.3.0
192.168.3.1
192.168.3.254
192.168.3.255

Problem 6
IP ADDRESS: 192.168.3.219
NETWORK MASK: 255.255.255.252
1) TRANSLATE IP ADDRESS AND NETWORK MASK INTO BINARY NOTATION.
IP ADDRESS:
NETWORK MASK:

192.168.3.219 = 11000000.10101000.00000011.110110 11
255.255.255.0 = 11111111.111111111.11111111.111111 00

2) DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF SUBNET BITS

To determine the number of subnet bits, we need to count the number of 1 in subnet mask to get
the subnet bits.
Subnet bits : 14 ( subnet mask 11111111.11111111.111111111.111111 00 )
3) DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF SUBNET
To calculate the number of subnet, use the formula below:
n

SUBNET

=2n (n = subnet bits)

= 214
= 16 384

4) DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF HOST BITS PER SUBNET

To determine the number of subnet bits, we need to count the number of 0 in subnet mask to get
the subnet bits.
Subnet bits : 2 ( subnet mask 11111111.11111111. 11111111 .0000000 00 )
5) DETERMINE THE NUMBER OF USABLE HOST PER SUBNET
To calculate the number of subnet, use the formula below:
n

SUBNET

= 2n 2 (n = subnet bits)
= 22 2
= 4 2
=2

6) CALCULATE THE SUBNET ADDRESS FOR THIS IP ADDRESS

To calculate these, perform a bit-wise AND operation or multiply operation on the IP address and
subnet mask.
11000000 .10101000 .00000011 .110110 11
X 11111111 .11111111 .11111111 .111111 00
= 11000000 .10101000 .00000011 .110110 00
= 192 .
168 .
3
.
216

IP address
Subnet Mask
Subnet Address
(changed from binary to decimal)

7) DETERMINE THE IP ADDRESS OF FIRST HOST ON THIS SUBNET

To determine the ip address of first host, state the subnet address in binary form.
Then, change the last number in subnet address into 1.
=11000000 .10101000 .00000011 .110110 00 ( Subnet Address )
=11000000 .10101000 .00000011 .110110 01 ( 1ST Host ) (changed from 0 to 1)
=
192 .
168 .
3 .
217 (changed from binary to decimal)
8) DETERMINE THE IP ADDRESS OF LAST HOST ON THIS SUBNET
To determine the ip address of first host, state the 1st host ip address in binary form.
Then, invert the number in host counting range.
=11000000 .10101000 .00000011 .110110 01 ( 1st Host IP Address )
=11000000 .10101000 .00000011 .110110 10 ( Last Host IP Address )
= 192 .
168 .
3 .
218 (changed from binary to decimal)
9) DETERMINE THE BROADCAST ADDRESS FOR THIS SUBNET
To determine the ip address of first host, state the last host ip address in binary form.
Then, change the last number in last host ip address into 1.
=11000000 .10101000 .00000011 .110110 10 ( Last Host IP Address )
=11000000 .10101000 .00000011 .110110 11( Broadcast Address )
= 192 .
168 .
3
.
218 (changed from binary to decimal)
Add this information to the table
Host Ip Address
Subnet Mask
Number Of Subnet Bits
Number Of Subnet
Number Of Host Bits Per Subnet
Number Of Usable Hosts Per Subnet
Subnet Address For This Ip Address
Ip Address Of First Host Ip Address
Ip Address Of Last Host Ip Address
Broadcast Address For This Subnet

192.168.3.219
255.255.255.252
14
16 384
2
2
192.168.3.216
192.168.3.217
192.168.3.218
192.168.3.219